11/5/21, 2:45 PM 2013 Ford Escape • MotoLogic https://www.motologic.com/car/2013_fd_escape_5057/article/167ba0988346aaa24b550910715a2d98?returnPath=%2Fcar%2F2013_fd_escape_505… 1/17 Report a problem with this article PPT HN: Turbocharger System - Gasoline Engines (Powertrain Diagnostics) 2013 PCED Gasoline Engines SECTION 5: Pinpoint Tests Procedure revision date: 09/25/2013 HN: Turbocharger System HN: Introduction HN1 CHECK FOR DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTCS) Note: This pinpoint test is designed to diagnose multiple components in the same test steps, only measure the circuits that apply to the vehicle and component being diagnosed. Note: Diagnose circuit faults prior to range or performance faults. Are DTCs P0034, P0035, P00C1, P00C2, P0234, P0245, P0246, P0299 P100F, P1011, P1012, P1013, P1014, P1015 or P1016 present? Yes No GO to HN2 . For symptoms without DTCs, GO to HN12 . For all others, GO to Section 4, Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Charts and Descriptions. HN2 VISUALLY INSPECT THE TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM Visually inspect the turbocharger system for: correct turbocharger wastegate control hose connection and routing leaks around tubing and intake manifold correct electrical connections damaged or leaking exhaust system turbocharger oil leaks. Refer to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging and Controls — Turbocharger. damaged or restricted turbocharger oil return tubes. Refer to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging and Controls — Turbocharger. damaged turbocharger. Refer to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging and Controls — Turbocharger. Do the visual inspections reveal any concerns? Yes No
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Note: This pinpoint test is designed to diagnose multiple components in the same test steps, only measure thecircuits that apply to the vehicle and component being diagnosed.
Note: Diagnose circuit faults prior to range or performance faults.
For all others, GO to Section 4, Diagnostic Trouble Code(DTC) Charts and Descriptions.
HN2 VISUALLY INSPECT THE TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM
Visually inspect the turbocharger system for:correct turbocharger wastegate control hose connection and routingleaks around tubing and intake manifoldcorrect electrical connectionsdamaged or leaking exhaust systemturbocharger oil leaks. Refer to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging and Controls —Turbocharger.damaged or restricted turbocharger oil return tubes. Refer to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04,Fuel Charging and Controls — Turbocharger.damaged turbocharger. Refer to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging and Controls —Turbocharger.
TCBY connector disconnected.Ignition ON, engine OFF.Measure the voltage between:
( + ) TCBY Connector, Harness Side ( - )
VPWR Ground
For TCBY2,TCBY2 connector disconnected.Ignition ON, engine OFF.Measure the voltage between:
( + ) TCBY2 Connector, Harness Side ( - )
VPWR - Pin 1 Ground
For turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid,Turbocharger Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid connector disconnected.Ignition ON, engine OFF.Measure the voltage between:
( + ) TCBY2 Connector, Component Side ( - ) TCBY2 Connector, Component Side
TCBY2 - Pin 2 VPWR - Pin 1
For turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid,Measure the resistance between:
( + ) Turbocharger Wastegate Regulating Valve SolenoidConnector, Component Side
( - ) Turbocharger Wastegate Regulating Valve SolenoidConnector, Component Side
TCWRVS VPWR
Turbocharger Control Component Resistance
Component Resistance (ohms)
Turbocharger Bypass Valve (Integrated Solenoid 3.5L GTDI) 8 to 10
Turbocharger Bypass Valve (Integrated Solenoid All Others) 12 to 14
Turbocharger Bypass Valve Solenoid (Remote Solenoid) 21 to 25
Turbocharger Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid (Edge 2.0L, Explorer 2.0L) 14 to 17
Turbocharger Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid (All Others) 21 to 25
Is the resistance within specification?
Yes No
GO to HN10 .
INSTALL a new suspect component. REFER to theWorkshop Manual Section 303-14, Electronic EngineControls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN10 CHECK THE WIRING HARNESS
Note: This step applies to multiple components, only measure the circuits that apply to the vehicle andcomponent being diagnosed.
Ignition OFF.PCM connector connected.For TCBY or TCBY2,Suspect TCBY Solenoid connector connected.Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP1_STAT (MODE) PID.Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP2_STAT (MODE) PID.For the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid,Turbocharger Wastegate Regulating Valve Solenoid connector connected.
Access the PCM and monitor the TWGATE_STAT (MODE) PID.For wastegate vacuum sensor,Wastegate Vacuum Sensor connector connected.Access the PCM and monitor the WGATE_PRES_F (MODE) PID.Ignition ON, engine OFF.While observing the PID, wiggle, shake, and bend small sections of the wiring harness while working from thecomponent to the PCM.
Is there a change in the PID reading?
Yes No
ISOLATE the concern. REPAIR as necessary.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.GO to HN11 .
HN11 INTERMITTENT CHECK
Note: This step applies to multiple components, only measure the circuits that apply to the vehicle andcomponent being diagnosed.
For TCBY or TCBY2,Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP1_STAT (MODE) PID.Access the PCM and monitor the TURBO_BP2_STAT (MODE) PID.For the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid,Access the PCM and monitor the TWGATE_STAT (MODE) PID.For wastegate vacuum sensor,Access the PCM and monitor the WGATE_PRES_F (MODE) PID.While observing the PID, carry out the following:
lightly tap on the suspect component to simulate road shockwiggle the suspect component connector
Is there a change in the PID reading?
Yes No
INSTALL a new suspect component. REFER to theWorkshop Manual Section 303-14, Electronic EngineControls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
For DTCs P1011, P1012, P1013, P1014, P1015 or P1016,GO to HN28 .
For all others, GO to HN12 .
HN12 TURBOCHARGER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE CONCERNS
Note: For a performance concern related to a plugged or restricted exhaust, GO to HF8 .
Note: Diagnose circuit faults prior to range or performance faults.
Note: Visually inspect the vehicle for aftermarket accessories and performance modifications (exhaust system,turbocharger, performance chip). Refer to Section 1 Engine Control (EC) System, Modifications to OBDVehicles.
Ignition OFF.Check the air filter element and housing for contamination, blockage or water intrusion.Disconnect the air intake and check for restrictions and water intrusion.Check the charge air cooler (CAC) system for leaks (hoses and cooler).Check the CAC and intake air system for restrictions.Check for aftermarket exhaust accessories and performance modifications.Visually inspect the exhaust system for the following:
leaks, cracks, or punctures upstream of turbochargeraftermarket accessories and performance modificationstailpipe modifications that increase the exhaust restrictionplugged or restricted exhaust
Is a concern present?
Yes No
REPAIR as necessary.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.GO to HN13 .
HN13 CHECK THE CHARGE AIR COOLER (CAC) AND INTAKE AIR SYSTEMS FOR LEAKS AND RESTRICTIONS
Note: Remember to reinstall the sensor, reconnect the CAC tube to the throttle body and remove the plastic bagfrom the air filter at the completion of this step.
Disconnect the CAC tube from the throttle body.Use a suitable method to temporarily plug the CAC tube outlet.Place the air filter in a plastic bag to prevent air flow out the intake port and reinstall it in the vehicle.Remove the IAT or TCIPT sensor from the ducting between the air filter housing and the turbocharger.Connect the Rotunda Smoke Machine, Fuel Evaporative Emission System Tester 218-00001 (522) orequivalent to the intake air system using an appropriate adapter.Fill the intake air system with smoke.Check the intake air system for leaks and restrictions.
Are any leaks or restrictions present?
Yes No
REPAIR as necessary.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.GO to HN14 .
HN14 CHECK BYPASS VALVE OPERATION
Note: The change in the TCBP PID value on a 2.0L engine will be 3.45 kPa (0.5 psi) or less when theTURBO_BPASS PID is commanded ON.
Ignition ON, engine running.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS PID and the TURBO_BPASS_2 PID to OFF.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_WGATE (PER) PID.
Command the TURBO_WGATE PID duty cycle to 0%.Access the PCM and monitor the TCBP (PRESS) PID.Access the PCM and control the RPM (RPM) PID.Command the RPM PID to the maximum RPM.Record the TCBP PID reading.Command the TURBO_BPASS and the TURBO_BPASS_2 PIDs ON and record the TCBP PID reading.
Does the TCBP PID reading decrease when the bypass valves are commanded ON?
Yes No
GO to HN15 .
For Edge 2.0L,
Escape 2.0L,
Explorer 2.0L,
Focus 2.0L GTDI,
Fusion 2.0L,
MKT 2.0L, and
Taurus 2.0L, GO to HN21 .
For all others, INSTALL a new Suspect TCBY solenoid.
REFER to the Workshop Manual Section 303-14,Electronic Engine Controls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN15 CHECK WASTEGATE OPERATION
Ignition ON, engine running.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS PID and the TURBO_BPASS_2 PID to OFF.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_WGATE (PER) PID.Command the TURBO_WGATE PID duty cycle to 0%.Access the PCM and monitor the TCBP (PRESS) PID.Access the PCM and control the RPM (RPM) PID.Command the RPM PID to the maximum RPM.Record the TCBP PID reading.Command the TURBO_WGATE PID duty cycle to 100% and record the TCBP PID reading.
Does the TCBP PID reading increase when the TURBO_WGATE PID duty cycle is commanded to 100%?
NOTICE: Do not exceed 103.4 kPa (15 psi) of pressure applied to the turbocharger actuators, excessivepressure will damage actuators.
Note: If the pressure bleeds off quickly while carrying out this test, find and repair the leak and retest the vehicleto verify that the initial concern is still present before continuing with this step.
Disconnect the turbocharger high pressure supply hose from the turbocharger wastegate regulating valvesolenoid.Using a suitable hand pump with pressure gauge, pressurize the turbocharger wastegate regulating valvesolenoid to 48.3 kPa (7 psi).Ignition ON, engine OFF.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_WGATE (PER) PID.Command the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid duty cycle from 0% to 100%.Ignition OFF.
Does the pressure drop when the duty cycle was commanded to 100%?
Yes No
GO to HN18 .
INSTALL a new Turbocharger Wastegate Regulating Valvesolenoid. REFER to the Workshop Manual Section 303-14,Electronic Engine Controls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN18 CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR LINKAGE FOR DAMAGE OR OBSTRUCTIONS
Visually inspect the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage for damage or obstructions. Repair asnecessary.Attempt to manually activate the suspect actuator.
Can the suspect actuator be activated manually?
Yes No
If necessary, INSTALL a new suspect turbochargerassembly. REFER to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging and Controls.
NOTICE: Do not exceed 103.4 kPa (15 psi) of pressure applied to the turbocharger actuators, excessivepressure will damage actuators.
Note: If the pressure bleeds off quickly while carrying out this test, find and repair the leak and retest the vehicleto verify that the initial concern is still present before continuing with this step.
Disconnect the turbocharger wastegate control hose from the turbocharger wastegate regulating valvesolenoid.Record each of the turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage positions.Using a suitable hand pump with pressure gauge, pressurize the turbocharger wastegate actuator hoses to48.3 kPa (7 psi).
Does each turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage move from the starting position?
Yes No
GO to HN27 . GO to HN20 .
HN20 TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR PRESSURE TEST
NOTICE: Do not exceed 103.4 kPa (15 psi) of pressure applied to the turbocharger actuators, excessivepressure will damage actuators.
Disconnect the control hose from the suspect actuator.Using a suitable hand pump with pressure gauge, pressurize the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator to48.3 kPa (7 psi).
Does the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage move from the starting position with pressure applied andreturn to the starting position when pressure is removed?
Yes No
GO to HN27 .
INSTALL a new suspect turbocharger assembly. REFER tothe Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging andControls.
Ignition OFF.Check for leaks or restrictions in the vacuum supply tube.Disconnect the vacuum supply tube from the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied to theturbocharger bypass valve solenoid.Ignition ON, engine running.Record the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
Is the vacuum greater than 33.86 kPa (10 in-Hg)?
Yes No
GO to HN22 .
DIAGNOSE a loss of vacuum to the turbocharger bypassvalve solenoid. REPAIR as necessary.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN22 CHECK THE VACUUM SUPPLIED TO THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE SOLENOID CONTROL TUBE
Ignition OFF.Connect the vacuum supply tube to the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.Disconnect the turbocharger bypass valve control tube from the bypass valve solenoid.Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied from theturbocharger bypass valve solenoid.Ignition ON, engine running.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to OFF.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to OFF.Record the vacuum supplied from the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to ON.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to ON.Record the vacuum supplied from the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
Does the vacuum increase and decrease as the bypass valve solenoid is commanded ON and OFF?
Yes No
GO to HN23 .
INSTALL a new turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.
REFER to the Workshop Manual Section 303-14B,Electronic Engine Controls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN23 CHECK THE VACUUM SUPPLIED TO THE TURBOCHARGER BYPASS VALVE
Note: The turbocharger bypass valve is located in the turbocharger housing.
Connect the vacuum control tube to the turbocharger bypass valve solenoid.Disconnect the turbocharger bypass valve control tube from the bypass valve.Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied to theturbocharger bypass valve.Ignition ON, engine running.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to OFF.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to OFF.Record the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to ON.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to ON.Record the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger bypass valve.
Does the vacuum increase and decrease as the bypass valve solenoid is commanded ON and OFF?
Yes No
GO to HN27 .
CHECK the vacuum tubes between the turbochargerwastegate bypass valve solenoid and the turbochargerbypass valve for leaks or obstructions. REPAIR asnecessary.
If no concerns are present, INSTALL a new turbochargerbypass valve.
REFER to the Workshop Manual Section 303-04, FuelCharging and Controls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN24 CHECK THE ENGINE VACUUM TO THE TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE REGULATING VALVE SOLENOID
Ignition OFF.Check for leaks or restrictions in the vacuum supply tube.Disconnect the vacuum supply tube from the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid.Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied to theturbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid.Ignition ON, engine running.Record the vacuum supplied to the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid.
Is the vacuum greater than 33.86 kPa (10 in-Hg)?
Yes No
GO to HN25 .
DIAGNOSE a loss of vacuum to the turbochargerwastegate regulating valve. REPAIR as necessary.
HN25 CHECK THE VACUUM SUPPLIED TO THE TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR CONTROL TUBE
Note: If the vacuum bleeds off quickly while carrying out this test, find and repair the leak and retest the vehicleto verify that the initial concern is still present before continuing with this step.
Ignition OFF.Connect the vacuum supply tube to the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid.Disconnect the turbocharger wastegate actuator control tube from the turbocharger wastegate actuator.Using the DSL ENG Pressure Test Kit 014-00761 or equivalent, measure the vacuum supplied from theturbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid.Ignition ON, engine running.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_WGATE (PER) PID.Command the TURBO_WGATE PID to 0%.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS (MODE) PID to OFF.Access the PCM and control the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID.Command the TURBO_BPASS_2 (MODE) PID to OFF.Access the PCM and control the RPM (RPM) PID.Command the RPM PID to the maximum RPM.Record the vacuum supplied from the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid.Command the TURBO_WGATE PID from 0% to 100% and back to 0%.Record the vacuum supplied from the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid.
Does the vacuum increase and decrease as the turbocharger wastegate regulating valve solenoid is commanded from0% to 100% and back to 0%?
Yes No
GO to HN26 .
CHECK the control tube from the turbocharger wastegateregulating valve solenoid to the turbocharger wastegateactuator for a blockage.
CHECK the vent tube from the turbocharger wastegateregulating valve solenoid to the air intake tube for ablockage. REPAIR as necessary.
If no blockage is present, INSTALL a new TurbochargerWastegate Regulating Valve solenoid.
REFER to the Workshop Manual Section 303-14B,Electronic Engine Controls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN26 CHECK THE TURBOCHARGER WASTEGATE ACTUATOR
Connect the turbocharger wastegate actuator control tube to the turbocharger wastegate actuator.Disconnect the turbocharger wastegate actuator control tube from the turbocharger wastegate regulating valvesolenoid.Using a suitable hand pump with gauge, apply vacuum to the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator.
Does the suspect turbocharger wastegate actuator linkage move from the starting position with vacuum applied andreturn to the starting position when vacuum is removed?
Yes No
GO to HN27 .
INSTALL a new suspect turbocharger assembly. REFER tothe Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging andControls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
HN27 TURBOCHARGER COMPRESSOR WHEEL CHECK
Inspect the turbocharger compressor wheel and housing for the following:ability to spin freelynoise while spinningdamage to vanes on the compressor wheelout of balance conditiondebris in housing
Is a concern present?
Yes No
INSTALL a new suspect turbocharger assembly. REFER tothe Workshop Manual Section 303-04, Fuel Charging andControls.
Clear the PCM DTCs. REPEAT the self-test.
The system is operating correctly at this time.
GO to HN29 .
HN28 CHECK THE WASTEGATE VACUUM SENSOR
Ignition ON, engine OFF.Access the PCM and monitor the WGATE_V (VOLT) PID.Record the PID value.Disconnect the wastegate vacuum tube from the vacuum port on the turbocharger wastegate regulating valvesolenoid.Using a suitable hand pump with gauge, apply 34.47 kPa (5 in-Hg) vacuum to the wastegate vacuum tube.Record the PID value.
Does the PID value change when vacuum is applied?
Yes No
GO to HN29 .
CHECK the vacuum tubes between the turbochargerwastegate regulating valve solenoid and the wastegatevacuum sensor for leaks or obstructions. REPAIR asnecessary.
If no concerns are present, INSTALL a new wastegatevacuum sensor. REFER to the Workshop Manual Section303-14, Electronic Engine Controls.