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On Some Pamphylian InscriptionsAuthor(s): W. M. Ramsay and A. H. SayceSource: The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 1 (1880), pp. 242-259Published by: The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies
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8/9/2019 (Pp. 242-259) W. M. Ramsay, A. H. Sayce - On Some Pamphylian Inscriptions
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242
ON
SOME PAMPHYLIAN
INSCRIPTIONS.
ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIAN
INSCRIPTIONS.
IN an
interesting
paper
which
appeared
in
the
Zeitschrift
fiar
Numismatik,
1877,
Dr.
Friedldinder
has
brought
together
some
remarkable
inscriptions
on coins of
some
Pamphylian
cities;
but
it
cannot be
said
that he
has
added
anything
to
their elucidation
beyond
what
had
been
already
done
by
the late J.
Siegismund
in
Curtius'
Studien,
vol.
ix.
p.
87.
During
the last few
weeks
before I
left
England,
my
attention
was
drawn
to
these
and
to
the
long inscription
from Assarkeui, the ancient
Sillyon,
which
is
given
very inaccurately
in
B6okh,
C.
I.
G.,1
and
more
correctly
by
Hirschfeld
in
the
Monatsber.
d.
Berl.
Ak.
1874,
p.
714
;
and
the
following
notes are the
result
of the
conversations
and cor-
respondence
which
I
had with
Professor
Sayce
on the
subject.
Throughout
the
paper,
Professor
Sayce's
name
will often
recur,
but it
must be
distinctly
understood
that
even
where
his
name
is
not
mentioned,
and
where
he
might
not
agree
with
the
views
expressed, his suggestions have been used, and the whole might
have
been
more
justly,
as it
would
doubtless
have
been
better,
written
by
him.
I
put
forth
the
paper
with
-much
diffidence,
as
I
have
been
obliged
to
write
it without access to
a
good library,
and am
therefore
obliged
to
trust to
memory
for
a
great
many
facts,
and
to
want
the
additional
light
which
good
authorities
would
supply.
Hence
throughout
the
paper
few references
are
given,
and these usually in general terms. Several times Ahrens's
articles
in
Philologus,
xxxv.
xxxvi.,
on the
Cyprian
Dialect
are
quoted
as
Ahrens,
Cypr.,
no
clearer
reference
being
possible.
1
iii. 1160
sq.
See also
Bailie,
Fasciculus
Inscriptionum,
ii.
229,
Kirchhoff,
Studiec
&c.
p.
44
sq.
(3rd
Ed.),
and
Lebas, Voyage
archdologique,
iii.
1377
(and
p.
335).
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ON SOME PAMPHYLIAN INSCRIPTIONS. 243
I.
I
begin
with the
inscription
found
on certain
coins
XEAYVAIYI.
These coins are thus
described'-
(1)
Obv.
Head
of
bearded
warrior
r.
Rev.
Male
figure
standing.
Inscription.
(2)
Obv.
Head
of
Apollo
r.
laureate.
Rev.
Zeus
Aetophoros
seated.
Inscription.
(3)
Obv.
Same.
Rev. Thunderbolt.
Inscription.
They belong
to
about
the
third
century
B.C.
According
to
Friedlainder
(1. c.),
they
were at one time attributed to the town
of
Selge
in
Pisidia,
and
M.
Waddington
first
rightly
assigned
them to
Sillyon.
The
coins
of
this
city
from
a
little before the
Christian
era
generally
bear
the
legend
ZIAAYE.QN;
but the
spelling
varied
very
much
in
ancient
times,
as we
have
the
forms
1Xovov,
BVXXtov,
.vXeCov,
6kXXov,
nd
,6Xatov.
In the
Sillyon
inscription,
line
3
(and
probably
line
1),
we
find the same
adjective
as on the
coins
in
the
form
IEAY~
IIOX.
A
third
form, IEAYV IIYI, must have been used, though I do not know
that
any
instance
of
it
has been
preserved.
Of
the
legend,
the
latter
part,
IIYX,
is
found on
the
coins of
Aspendus
treated
by
Siegismund
(1.
c.),
EITF
EAl
IYVI,
and
has been
rightly
explained
by
Friedlander
following
him.
The
second
I
represents
the
Y
sound
developed
after
t
before
a
vowel. In
Lycian
also
after
E,
which
denotes
the
Greek
I,
t
is
inserted before
a
vowel.
The
original O
of the
termination
sometimes becomes
Y
as
in
the
Latin Second IDeclension,and thus IIVY has been evolved from
the
regular
Greek
ending
toq.
There remains now
only
the
\f
to be
explained.
This
symbol
also occurs several
times
in
the
Sillyon
inscription;
and
its value has not
as
yet,
so
far
as
I
know,
been
determined.
It
seemed
to
me at
first
that
it
must
be a sound
like the
English
n
or
w;
but Professor
Sayce
suggested
more
accurately
that
it
had in
many
cases
a
syllabic
value,
which
is,
I
think,
quite
certain. In the case before us it can represent only the w sound
evolved after
v
before a
vowel.
The termination
-to-
has
to
be
added to
the
stem
YeXov or
XeXv,
and
in
the
pronunciation
of
1
For the
description
of these
and
other
coins I
am indebted
o Mr.
Percy
Gardner,
nwhose
authority
lso
I
give
the
period
o
which
they
belong.
It jl~
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ON
SOME PAMPHYLIAN INSCRIPTIONS.
245
that
some
peculiarity
in
the
pronunciation
of
the
two
diphthongs,
av and
ev,
was common
in
the south-western
parts
of
Asia
Minor.'
We have in the
Lycian
bilingual inscription
of
Lewdisii
aorJ
and
Jaorovv;
on a coin
of
Cnidus,
E0flXko
for
E',oViXov;
in
the
inscription
from
Mycale
(C.
I.
G.
No.
2909),
a3roi;
in
that
from
Priene
(C.
I.
G.
No.
2907),
Xe6Kot9;
in
that from
Samos
(see
G.
Curtius,
Wesel.
Program. 1873),
ebovoav, Tao~a,
aordo,
ao'rcr,
ab&7ot, a3roTi5;
in
the Carian
inscription published
by
Mr..
Newton
in
the
appendix
to
his
Essays
on
Art
and
Archaeology,
aoTo;
and
many
cases
might
be
quoted
from
Erythrae
and
Chios.2 In this pronunciation the number of syllables remained
the
same,
for
in
the Priene
inscription
XEdKOL'
s
a
spondee.
The
Ionic
form
COVTr9,
usual
in
Herodotus,
is
probably
closely
akin,
as
I
shall
try
to
show.
Savelsberg,
who
gives
most
of
these
instances,
considers
that
the v
(which
must
therefore,
he
argues,
have
retained
its
ancient
value
u,
and
not
suffered
the
modification common
in
Greek)
has
passed
into the
closely
akin
sound
o;
but
long
before
I
imagined
that
the intermediate
step
was aFo, CFo,and I think that the Pamphylian forms confirm
this
view. These
must,
according
to the ideas
here
advanced,
represent
the
English
value
awittos,
.ewu-pra...
;
and
in
the
Ionic,
Lycian,
and Carian
forms
a
very
slight
change
resulting
from
the
tendency
to
dissimilation
produced
aFo,
eFo,
ike
the
Latin
voltus,
&c.,
and
finally
do,
do;
while
in
Herodotus
aF
became
by
an
easy
and
common transition
co.
This
parasitic
W sound
has
a
tendency
to come
in
quite
as
much before as after the v to separate it from another vowel:
and
similarly
the
parasitic
Y
is found both
before and
after
an
original
t.
Thus
in modern Greek we have
b'ryto
or
olos,
where
of course
7y
s
pronounced
Y.
No one
will think it
diffi-
cult
that
aFo,
eFo
should
make
only
a
single
syllable
in
pro-
nunciation,
if
he
looks
at
the
way
in
which modern Greek
runs
together
several
vowels
and
semivowels
into one
syllable.
While
in
Sillyon
the
two
symbols
seem
to have been
used
side
by
side
according
to definite
rules,
we need not
be
surprised
to
find
/\
employed
in
other
parts
of the
country
instead of
F,
i.e..
in cases
where
the
rules
observed in the
Sillyon inscription
would
lead
us
to
expect
F.
This seems
to be the case
on
1
The forms
alluded to
occur
in
other
parts
of
Greece,
e.g.,
Amphipolis,
Crete,
&c.,
but
not
so
frequently.
2
Aninstance
from
Delos,
supra,
p.
59.
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ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIAN
NSCRIPTIONS.
247
feminine,
n
PEI
IAX,
where
the
Y is
represented by
the
symbol
1,
as
in
ZEAYA IIO
Z.
V\AN
Al4AI
must therefore be the
genitive
of the name
or
epithet
of
the
goddess.
L4I
is
not
unlike
the Greek
9,
but
to understand
it
in
this
value
as
Friedlander
gives
a
hopeless
word.
In the Carian
inscriptions
the
symbol
Y
occurs,
and
Professor
Sayce
had
conjectured
that
there
it
has the
value
o-a.
When
I saw
this
among
his
notes,
it at once occurred
to
me
that
this was
the
value
required
on
the
coins of
Perga:
and in
the
ordinary
Greek
characters
we have then the form
Fava'oao-a
Ipeyylav,
the
7
being pronounced as it would be in modern
Greek.
L'-
and
N"
occur as
equivalent
forms
in
the
Phoenician
alphabet.
I
believe that this
symbol
Y
or
LfJ
was
used
in
the
alphabets
of
Caria,
Lycia,
and
Pamphylia
to denote a
sibilant,
which
is
not
recognised
in
the
Greek
alphabet,
though
it
was
probably
used
by
them at least
in
parts
of
the
country.
In
Lycian
the
value
of Y has been
variously given.
It is
certainly
near
enough
to
the
guttural
series
to
be used
in
the
combination
YZL or 'f II with the value of the Greek
4.
It cannot be the
Greek
ic,
which
occurs
in
Lycian;
and
Lassen,
Sharpe,
&c.,
were
certainly
wrong
in
taking
it
as
r
(see
M.
Schmidt,
Vorstudien
z.
Entziferung
der
Lyk.
Spr.
and
Corpus
of Lycian
Inscr.).
Schmidt
himself
assigned
it
the value kh: but
in
his
Neue
Lykishe
Studien
he
publishes
without
comment
a
paper by
Pertsch
giving
it a value between
k
and
s,
viz,
the
palatal
sibilant,
Sanskrit
7[.
It
is
used
once to
correspond
to
the
Greek
4
in the name of Pixodaros, the Carian prince: on the
other
hand,
the
Greeks
sometimes
spelt
this Carian
name
1a-pe8apog,
and
a coin
perhaps gives
Htac'ca[pov]
(see
Pertsch,
1.
c.
p.
7).1
In the
Cyprian
dialect
Ahrens
Uypr.
has shown
that
a similar
sibilant
existed.
It occurs
in the
syllabary
in
conjunction
with
the
vowels
a,
e,
and
u:
but
though
this
same
symbol
Y
or
LJ
occurs
in the
syllabary,
it
is
used
for the dental
sibilant,
and
other
symbols
are
employed
for the
palatal
sibilant.
Ahrens
has
shown
that this
sibilant
is
used
especially
where
in
Attic
a~-
would
occur;
and
it
is
in
regard
to the word
FMvaar•a
that
he
1
It
may
be
some confirmation
of
Pertsch's
view
that,
long
before
seeing
his
paper,
I
expressed
the
idea
here
indicated
about the
Lycian
symbol
in
a letter
to
Prof.
Sayce,
and
met
with
his
complete
approval.
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248
ON SOME PAMPHYLIAN
INSCRIPTIONS.
first has occasion
to
speak
of it. Now it
is
a
well-known
fact
that
ao
in
Greek
has
usually
taken
the
place
of
a
guttural
or
dental surd followed
by
Y-,
OdaEcov
or
GarK-cov, cpeloo~ov
or
Kpe6r-Wov.
So with the
suffix
Ya, or
ta,
we have avaKYa
be-
coming
hvaao'a.
Now,
it is certain that
this
combination
ic
+
Y
sometimes
retained
more of its
guttural
character,
and so
we
have
Goc-Ya
becoming
8oca,
and
8'ic-Ya
for
•d~cK-Ya,
the
Attic
OdhXao-a,
becoming
8d&a.'
Many
other cases occur
where
a
similar
variation
between
?
and
a
points
to the
difficulty
caused
to
the
Greeks
by
this sibilant.
A•tovvwoos
and
Zctbvvv?o
both
oc-
cur; H~1c$8apoq nd
Htcreapo9
have just been mentioned ; C or
dic
has the dialectic forms
el
or
o-o-,
&c.
In
Attic
this sibilant
disappeared
entirely,
and
aoo-
was
there
a
sharp
dental;
but
in
the
south-west countries
of Asia
Minor,
as in
Cyprus,
it
remained
in
full
power,
and
when
the common
Greek
alphabet
was
adopted
by
them,
they required
a
special
symbol
for
it.
These
facts
tell
strongly
in
favour of
Professor
Sayce's
ingenious
conjecture
about
the
value
of
the
Carian
symbol,
and
constitute a new proof of the common origin of those alphabets
of
Asia Minor which were
replaced
by
the
Greek.
Another
form
of the
same
symbol
is
T.
It
is found
in the
inscription
from
Halicarnassos
published
by
Mr.
Newton,
Hist.
Disc.
No.
1,
and on coins of
Mesembria
in
the
legends
M
ETA,
ME'T'AMBPIANflN.
In
the
inscription,
a
copy
of which
is
not
at
hand,
the
symbol
is
used
only
in
Carian names
such as
'O0aTdTwov,HavvdTroc
and
it cannot
be
tau,
which
occurs
in
the ordinaryform. 1Iavv'aooaaand many other names in -ao-aiv
gen.
-dora--o;,
are
found
in
the
Carian
inscription quoted
above
from
Mr.
Newton's
essays.
The
T
of
the
one
inscription
cor-
responds
to
ao-
of
the
other.
The sibilant
in
the
name
of
the
Thracian
city
had
the
same
palatal
value:
cp.
uE'o-ao~
nd
III.
The results
hitherto attained
help
us
in
some
degree
with
the
long inscription
from
Sillyon.
It is on
a
stone
built into
a
church,
and
Hirschfeld
remarks
that,
though
the
letters
have
1
Ahrens,
in
the
passage
referred
to,
has
traced
the
history
of
this
remark-
atbleEpirote
form.
It
is alluded
to be-
low,
Sillyou
inscription,
note
on
line
7.
Fick,
in
Bezzenberger's
Beitr.
vol.
i.,
explains
84ta
as the tense stem
of the
weak
aorist
employed
as
a
noun.
I
prefer
Ahrens'
explanation
as
above.
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252 ON SOME
PAMPHYLIAN
INSCRIPTIONS.
Hirschfeld's
reading,
we
find the
word
icat[o]aptYa9
suggests
itself,
which
would
bring
the
inscription
down to a
very
late
date.
Comparing
the end of this line with line
21,
we
may
read-
wir
ev7rpa[?itaT.
3.
e...
rv
implies
such
a form
as
el[Xe]ro.
Cp.
0oXa*ierTv,
line
8. With
VAOLK...t3
ompare
VAomc6roXt9,
line
14.
The
rest
of the
line
is-
cal
3eXv\AtYo
[FlaX
..
4 .... ara
icpalp•vo3
E'
E?7rtlreFtyatI
ro•X•
vat or
7roX'Lv
'[,Yov.
cEtcpatIvolY
from
cpalvo,
ratified or
consummated,
or
perhaps
for
KereqxpVlvov.
d
with
dative case is known
in
several
Peloponnesian
dialects.
ap1aYeS
seems to
occur,
line
19,
as
nominative
plural;
here
possibly
the
genitive
occurs.
5. SYa
7re'(v)8e
KICal
Gca
F&r[g]Y(a)
awiv
Xq.
(?)
a
(?
....
A
verb from
ora6co
occurs
to our
mind,--'has
preserved
our
city
for fifteen
years
from
pestilence.'
According
to
Curtius,
XVtAd
nd
Xoi~,po
are connected
(though
this connection is not
favoured
by
Fick,
and
another
is
preferred
in
Vanigek);
and
here
perhaps
we
have such
a
form
in
the
gender
of the
one
with
the sense
of
the other.
Or
it
is
possible
to
take
Xqtl
in
the
sense
of
Xt~1.
The
v
had
already acquired
the sound that
it
has
generally
in
modern
Greek;
and the word
is
spelt
according
to the sound.
The double
a is
expressed
only
once,
as
Siegis-
mund
has
shown
to
happen
in the shorter
Pamphylian
inscrip-
tions. The same rule holds sometimes in Lycian; see Schm.
N.
L.
St.
p.
9.
&'Ya
with
the
parasitic
sound.
In modern
Smyrniote
Greek
',7VTre
is
pronounced,
as
the
people
of
Sillyon
evidently
pro-
nounced
it,
with
the
T made
sonant
and
with a
very
faint
sound
of
v;
and
in
some
mouths
the
v
disappears
completely.
FA[L]
Ya,
no
doubt
F&Eea
became
FerTa,
as in severe
Doric
')red
becomes
i&169,
though
the
general
rule
in
Doric
is
that
ea in this case is either left unchanged or contracted to q (Ahr.
Dial.
Dor.
??
23
and
30):
and
then
the
parasitic
sound
was
developed.
a'rvr
or
d"o.
6.
'oa
rcKal
TtaFEoa
7rdo-a.
It
seems
probable
that
0ra
and
7rboaa
re correlative.
7tldFeo•a
seems
third
plural
of
the
weak
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Page 14
8/9/2019 (Pp. 242-259) W. M. Ramsay, A. H. Sayce - On Some Pamphylian Inscriptions
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ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIAN INSCRIPTIONS.
253
aorist. We should
expect
the other
spirant
Y
from
a verb
whose
stem
was
originally
Tt/ta-
ya-;
but
Ahrens
has shown
in
various
places
(e.g.
on
Inscriptions
from
Olympia,
in Philol. vol.
xxxviii.)
how F
passes
into
Y
and
i,
and the
reverse
change
is
quite
as
easy.
We
find in
modern
Greek
Xplcaraya
as first
singular
im-
perfect
of
XpwoarTd
or
XpoorcQw,
hich shows
to what
changes
the
spirant
in
verbs
in
-aco
was
liable.
Professor
Sayce
suggests
that
?r~aFeq
s
first
person
dual.
7.
ca(v)
pC'rotat
?'eprTpev
I
aV
Aatat
He?
orat".
Original
vr
in
this
inscription
is
written
8;
here
for
original v0
we
have
r.
As
Siegismund
(1.
c.)
and Kirchhoff
both
point
out,
this
form
is
quite
certain.
fI
EPTIPENI
perhaps
7repTl17pEVyv.
It
is
in
that
case doubtful
if
the
second
E stands for
e,
7,
or
et
(Ahrens,
?
37).
The
1,
was
evidently
pronounced
as
in
modern
Greek,
and
the
word was
spelt
according
to
the sound.
7rep
for
r~ept
perhaps
also
in
26.
HEVOTA
II for the
Attic
eoprati:
the
genesis
of
this form is
doubtful,
just
as
it
is
hard
to
say
whether
oror
was
formed from
woprt
or
from
'rport.
Probably
the
latter
is the case, and there has been no loss of
quantity;
then with
the
intermediate
H
Apovry
we
may compare
6po-rt
and
'por'
of
Hesychius.
Similarly,
in 8S
a,
the
Epirote
form for
Odhao-oa,
X
or
p
has
been lost. The root is
rpaX
or
Opax,
with
the
equivalent
forms
rapx,
'rapaX,
Oapa~c,
or
with
X
in
place
of
p.
Hence the
noun
OaXaxc-ta
and
8aX/c-ta
or
8Xa/c-ta.
Here
also
it
is
impossible
to
say
what was the
exact
form that
preceded
dSdia,
whether
SXada
or
8d"Xqa.
Perhaps
it
might
be better
to
take the form HeXoCrav. The rough breathing is inorganic, as
in
HtYapocat.
8.
••waXd'rerv
v(,)8ptY^ova
iEararacrcwa[t.
(See
note
on 1.
13.)
8~4Xopat
s
the
usual
Doric
form
for
8oVXoXqat
(Ahr.
Dial. D.
?
19,
9).
av'ptY
c^va
apparently
the
Attic
tv8ptadwra.
9.
patFHt
ial
,
HeYaX'rT
ical
Jo'
H.V\oTai[9
Kcat.
I
suspect
that
in
the first
letters is
concealed
a
dative of
a noun
connected
by
lca
with
uHeYaXlrT6:
ranslate
'for
his
....
and
magnificence
both at the
public
festivals and
....'
PHeYah•Xrt
and
pHeYaXl7,
line
23,
are
evidently
forms of
LteyaX6r7-rt
nd
e/yadk
.
Professor
Sayce,
who
first
observed
this,
also
quoted
the
lengthening
of
a final
short
vowel in
Homer
before
pq'ya
as
illustrative of
the
initial
uH.
In
fact,
we
have here a
clear
proof
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Page 15
8/9/2019 (Pp. 242-259) W. M. Ramsay, A. H. Sayce - On Some Pamphylian Inscriptions
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254 ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIAN
NSCRIPTIONS.
of that
rough
pronunciation
which,
as
Hartel
(Hom.
Stud.)
contends,
gives
length
to the
syllable
preceding.
He maintains
that this full and
strong
sound of
c,
X, v,
p,
was older than
Homer,
and
had
so
far
disappeared
in
his
time as
to
require
the
verse-arsis
to
help
it to
lengthen
the
preceding
short.
With
/zHeYaXyrt
for
urLyaXkT-rt,
cf.
Latin saluti for
salvatati,
derived
from
salva,
Sanskrit
sarva,
Greek
X•Foq.
We have
here
another
instance
of
the weakness
of
gamma
in
Pamphylian;
just
as
in
modern
Greek
it
tends to
pass
into
Y.
[With
pat
FH
ocf.
Cypr.
(IV,
Lat.
rus.]
10.
7ral
/Pavervs
Kal
HeYa[X
.
.
]7.
TV9
ca
.[....
MavUrTvq
is
perhaps
a
proper
name:
it
occurs on coins
in
the
legends
MEN
ETYV
EAYI'A
and
EAYIAM
EN
ETYX,
where
Kirch-
hoff
(as
quoted by
Friedhinder,
1.
c.)
takes
'AXvJa
for
6'`Xvya,
and
understands
MENETYI
as the
name
of
the artist.
In
that
case
7raT
cannot be
the
Greek
adjective,
'
all.'
In
the
MovaeuZov
ublished
by
the
Evangelical
School
in
Smyrna
(rwep.
6'.
page 30)
are
two
short
inscriptions
found
together
at
Narli-
keui.
One contains the word
MoX7oeov,
the
genitive
of a well-
known
Lycian
name.
The
other
has
the
name
'A7rvraq.
11.
7rd0XL
ErtXlko0vro
[.
..]
8[ic]ao~7pe,.
In
the
last
word
I
give
the
form used
by
Kirchhoff.
12.
rao-t
Icaivt..
.
IcareFTp?ovro
ca
....
catv&
occurs
also
lines
14,
17,
and 23: see
note
on 23.
13. The last words evidently correspondto the Attic
tcal~
pov-
•/6e•vo9.
Kirchhoff considers
OwXrj,~vLvv9
s the
form
here used.
This
would
imply
a
present
indicative
corresponding
to
a
supposed
Attic form
/3ovX6otoat,
uture
8ovXqjo-otat;
cp.
Lesb.
iX'wyt,
Att.
0kA•&o.
Perhaps
EAY
implies
-evro,
in which
case
we
might
possibly
have
Ki6eVTroKal dy6avy
'i,
with
y
in
iytav
becoming
t,
i.e.
Y,
as in
nPEIIAAI,
and
EIE
=
etyf.
It
is
impossible
to
read
EIE
directly
as
elf,
since
the
diphthong
es
is
in this alphabet given by the single symbol e; but it is easy to
understand
t
as the
parasitic Y
developed
after
ec
before
a
vowel.
[Bezzenberger
makes
icW0&8v
he
first
word
in
the
line.]
14.
[i]actv(v)
oLKuc o'(v)
FeXE'T.
-can,
see
line 23.
The
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ON SOMEPAMPHYLIAN
NSCRIPTIONS.
255
termination
-ov
becomes
-v
also
in
lapv,
lines
22,
31.
The
half
obliterated
symbol
between
,wbXt
nd
'x'Tw-
s
like
the
relics
of
a
1,
but line 24 seems to
require
the F before
X6'rco.
At the
same
time,
it
must
be
remembered
that
the
inscription
is
capricious
in
its
spelling.
In
line 4
7rdoXv
ccurs,
though
per-
haps
v
belongs
to
the
following
word,
or the
v
is
retained
before
a
vowel.
Translate
'
let
him
have a
calvg,
a
house,
a
state,'
which
seems to
give
a
good
sense.
With
the other
reading
7reX&1
must be the
nominative to
XE'rO,
r
else
VotiucrokXt
must be
a
compound
and stand
as the nominative.
Kirchhoff
understands at the end of the line cKa,in which case it is not
easy
to
see
what can
be made of
icav;
cat
is
given
in
C.
I.
G.
The
o
in
6
is
supported
by
the
analogy
of
IEAYVIIOZ;
and
we
have
then,
line
13, v,
the article
with smooth
breathing,
and here
6,
the
neuter
relative
with
rough.
On
IcaivtL
see
note
1.
23.
15.
••cXeo-Oo
=
aypelOa•
=
alpelaOo
with Kirchhoff
seems
a
certain
reading.
16.
ia'aTrpe
iXa1
'pyvp&'rat
Cta
q
cyw(v)(rt.
apyvp6rat,
or
more
probably
4p,'upiprac
(so Kirchhoff),
are
possibly
public
officials
like the
a'pyvpo'rat,['a
under the
empire
at
Athens,
&c.
C.
I.
G.
No.
334,
&c.
17.
ampcora
ica(r)
0avc'
icawvi(v)
'Aoucov
7roxL(v).
ica(7)-
Oav'rw,
Kirchhoff,
and
quite
independently
Professor
Sayce;
here
and line
27.
In
this
line and
27
possibly
we
have
18.
icta]7 'peg
se8
kala
pyvpia"
avct
av
e[....
dve•iav
hird
plural
analogic
aorist
of
d•h•,et.
19.
&[1c]aa-ripeq
at the
end is
clear;
but
several
other
Greek
forms are
certainly
hidden
in the earlier
part,
which some
happier
wit
may
discover.
~0
Svo-aeXaYo may
be
preposition
and
noun.
aptYe9
probably
EiS,
in which
the
rough breathing
is not original. OAY perhaps -ovro.
20.
Kirchhoff
corrects
Z
to
A,
and
understands
,ryvovrat.
At
the end
of
the lines come
the
words
of
line
16,
p~/t~ yeWrtV.
Hence
H
A
I
PE must
be
one
word,
though
alpe,
seems unsuit-
able
here
and
inconsistent
with
the form
in
line 15.
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256
ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIAN
INSCRIPTIONS.
21.
-o(v)ro
gila
"pLpet IHe
...
...
ar' ev7rpa[a].
5~7z
Trrpee&
rofessor
Sayce
suggests;
five
letters,
or
perhaps
four,
are lost.
22.
...
.
.]E?
rep
'Epa4
HtYap~'
rye[4ryv]}prat
av&Oca.
irep',
though
perhaps
7rep
in
line
26.
HiYapv
for
iepdv.
icavt,
possibly
a
preposition;
perhaps
Icav
in
14
is connected.
23.
Kali
HeYadX
Kicatvte
q
a
8t'o9,
ila.
Al
MOI,
)00ov,
seems
a
certain
explanation,
given
by
Professor
Sayce.
We
may
perhaps
understand,
'let
a
great
cawvet,
both
people
and
... ., be held': about twelve letters are lost at the end, which
might
contain
the
lost
noun
followed
by
erCO.
In
Hesychius
Prof.
Sayce
discovered
the
forms
IacvirTaq, d0eo?
47S
d8e
~d,
and
Kativa,
d&eX'4i.
No doubt
Katlvt
is
akin.
Now
just
as
abpropeg,
which
must
originally
have
meant brothers,
came
to
denote
the
members
of
a
(political
or) religious
brotherhood,
and
gave
rise
to
Oparpia
as
the
name of
that
brotherhood,
so
perhaps
it
may
have
happened
to
rtcaots.
The
rough breathing
ca[lvira
implies a lost letter, probably
sipngma.
We might sup-
pose
a
KicaMv3
o
be some
sort of
religious
assembly,
the
members
of
which
were
called
icda'ut*;
and from
tcalvtv
again
may
have
come
icatvte7r
24-5.
7dXi
lieOXa
FE•e
,
ccal
art[ppw]raq
fd0Fa
icat .
r
.
.
A74[eX]wYt
xal
opoFu
/cal.
"yeO6Xa
s
clearly
lFeOXa
from
root
vadh,
with
F
becoming
ry;
see Curtius, Gr., and compare modern Greek dyovpov,unripe, i.e.
•FCpc
.
We
may
understand
E~eOXa
n
the
sense
of
dW~Xove,
games.
f80Fa
perhaps
for
Attic
poiv.
opoFu
is an
accusative
of
the
second
declension;
cf.
HIIAPY,
lines
22,
31.
26. Professor
Sayce
suggests
oXEZOat: w7repl?
t[Ta
?
.].
27.
F
E$.
Professor
Sayce
and
Kirchhoff
both
understand
e&,,
ut
IcaOave'&
or
~Taave'rCT,
which
they
also
suggest,
leaves
an
E
unexplained between the two words. E+EI, Professor
Sayce
eX-I.
29.
rdlst
•/
ouo"?
?
30. cal
'AirroXwva
[tov]
.
.
.
..
at
birep.
Kirchhoff
takes
the
form
'Arr'Xova;
but
it
is
hardly justifiable
to
double
the
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Page 18
8/9/2019 (Pp. 242-259) W. M. Ramsay, A. H. Sayce - On Some Pamphylian Inscriptions
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ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIAN
NSCRIPTIONS.
257
consonant,
as
Ahrens
(Cypr.)
has
proved
in
regard
to
the
Cyprian
form
of this
name,
which
he takes
as
'A:rXovt
n
the
dative, comparing 'ArXovv,the Thessalian form. rip .2
V5drp,
in
line 2 ?
31.
rypa]v
HnYapv
at[....
32.
cepo/
o&spe[v
ooks like
an
optative
form.
34.
xarTXCO(v)T&,
irchhoff.
[ca-4VXOY7o,
ezzenberger.]
W.
M.
. RAXSAY.
NOTE.-Since
the
abdve
was
in
type
an
article
by
Dr.
A.
Bezzenberger
entitled
Zur
Beurteilung
des
pamphylischen
Dia-.
lekts,
has
appeared
on
the same
subject,
in
Bezzenberger's
Beitrage
zur Kunde der
indogermanischen
Sprachen,
v.
4
(1880).
Bezzenberger,
however,
adds
little
to
our
knowledge
of
the
inscription;
the
phonetic
value
of
N
is
unknown to
him
as
well as
the
meaning
of
M H
EIAAH,
and he
misreads the title
of
Artemis
on
the coins
of
Perga
MANA*AI.
But the
following
suggestions
of his are
worthy
of
attention. In
line
10
he
proposes
to
read
[ab]Tirv
cal
8(a^po).
I
believe
MAN
ETYX
to
signify 'priest,'
and
adopting
Bezzenberger's
proposal
would
therefore render
the
whole
line:
'
every
priest,
and
the
nobility
itself
and
people.'
In
line
11
he
reads
9EFElFoXtt,
and
with
the
compound
A
OIKYflOAIX compares
lepardhxov
n the
Akarnanian
inscriptions
(Cauer,
Delectus,
Nos.
98,
99).
In line
12
the
word
•trao"'ripaq
n
the
Lokrian
inscription
of
Naupaktos
(Rhein.
Mus.
26,
39)
seems to settle the doubtful vowel of the
corresponding
word in
the
inscription
of
Sillyon.
Bezzenberger
explains 'rye9Xa
s
'instruments
for
the
sacrifice,'
comparing
Ov'OhXa
nd the
glosses
6dyov
and
ydso'
in
Hesykhios.
He
further
compares
dpoFv
(line
25)
with
6pov'a"
XopS
(in
Hesykh.)
and
the
Umbrian
arvia
and
Latin
aru-spex,
though
he allows
that
opog
is
also
possible.
In
line
27
he
suggests
i1
(=J19)
Fi
edKdOeav,
omparing
aveav
in
line
18,
which
is
certainly
a
third
person plural like the Boeotian
avWOtav,
rapeiav (Fiihrer: De
Dialecto
Boeotico,
p.
12).
We
may
further
compare
the
Kyprian
car•'Otyav,
as
well
as
dvdOeavy
(Bull.
de
Corr.
hell.
ii.
589)
and
the
vowel
of
e'xeva
and
erra.
There is
little
probability
in
Bezzenberger's
proposal
to
read
d' art,
akin
to
Skt.
samd,
H.
S.-VOL.
I.
S
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8/9/2019 (Pp. 242-259) W. M. Ramsay, A. H. Sayce - On Some Pamphylian Inscriptions
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258
ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIANNSCRIPTIONS.
English
summer,
in line
21,
and
his
rule that
o
does not become
v
when
no
nasal follows is
rendered doubtful
by
the variable
character of the
writing
to which Mr.-
Ramsay
has drawn
attention.
To turn
to
palaeography,
I
was led to
give
the
value
of
rcr
to the
Karian
Y,
also
written
Y,
from
its
identity
with
the
Kypriote fu
or
Y
on the
one
side,
and
the Kilikian
P
(final
;)
on
the
other.
I
do not think
that
the
Pamphylian
%A
an be
compared
with the
Kypriote
)1(,
since
the
latter
character
is
a
late
simplificationi
of
),(
or
X
and has the
value
of
va.
On
the
other hand, if we examine the different forms of the Kypriote
characters for
ki
and
la,
we
shall see
that
an
early
form
of
the
character for
u
(or
rather
vu)
was
NA.
I
may
add
that
I shall
in
future
speak
of the
Asianic,
rather than
of the
Kypriote,
syllabary,
since,
as
I
have
shown
in an
Appendix
to
Dr.
Schliemann's
Ilios,
the
Kypriote
syllabary
was
really
a branch
of
one
once
used
throughout
Asia
Minor.
BOXqikeVV
in
line
13
is an
interesting
form,
similar
to the
Arcadian a'd8cjPeVo, Elean
kcaakaX.~evoq,
Lesbian icaXqpevvo9,
Boeotian
dal8ucEi1evor;,
nd
Delphian
iaXe"pe•?o
.
Compare,
too,
dXtrjvevo9,
Od.
4,
807.
The
resemblances
between
the
dialect
of
Sillyon
and
that
of
Kypros
(such
as the
change
of final
-o
into
-v,
the
loss
of
the
nasal before
a
dental,
the
use
of
yod
and
digamma,
and
the
employment
of
6'
with
the
dative)
have
a
bearing
upon
the
language
of
Homer.
The Homeric
d1por"•
for
av'poT'rv
(II.
16,
857,
xxii.
363),
has
already
been
conjectured
to
be
a
Cyprism,
and
we
may
now
couple
with
it
the
lengthening
of a
final
short
vowel before
pe'yaq
and
its
compounds,
noticed
above
by
Mr.
Ramsay.
At
any
rate,
the other resemblances
between
the
Kyprian
and
Pamphylian
dialects make
it
not
improbable
that
the same
rough
pronunciation
of
the first
syllable
of
pe'yar
characterised
the dialect
of
Kypros
as
characterised
the
dialect
of
Sillyon.
It will
be
useful
to
add
here
the
Pamphylian
glosses
found
in
Hesykhios
and elsewhere, which have been collected by
Bezzenberger
:-
a8Xtiv
IeXtaKc6v.
Tapob6Xtot
Hesykh.).
'A<bPa•"
"
'ASewvt
;Urb
Irepyatcov
(Etym.
Mag.
4, 53,
made
a Persian word
by
Hesykh.).
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8/9/2019 (Pp. 242-259) W. M. Ramsay, A. H. Sayce - On Some Pamphylian Inscriptions
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ON
SOME
PAMPHYLIAN
NSCRIPTIONS.
259
4yo0
Ev
nepy]
1yv
etpetav
v7s
&caXoov
(H.).
y
"
. .
iv
npyp
l~petaApr
Uto'
o
(H.).
aypaaco/Aal-
b'pY9
TIT V'r70
HIIa.Ukv'X1YH.).
'Spl
W•"npl.Hap
Xlot
H.).
'Arj8r •
'AOryvca
raph
Ilap vXtotv
(H.).
ar3eTrors
aleT6";.
HlepyaZot
(H.,
Et.
M.
28,
7).
/et~lvar•"
tj4&oq.rpov
bTrb
Hlepyaiovy
(Et.
A1.
82,
50).
aplva
daicp
~ro Hepyaltwv
(H.).
3ovpcv7r•r•ptO-To.
*
-areXol.
Teprya-ot
H.).
Etryapa.
TeTT~
rapa
lW,,STatI
H.).
lCT0V
6
ICTLVOV;.
Hepya'ot
(H.).
xavay*
Epcpxvvov.
Ilepyaios
(H.).
xoplcpav"
'pvyt.
fepyaZot
(H.).
Xdovyr"
q d
vq).
Jlepyatot
(H.).
Xda*a
ryoyyvXlv.
flepyaot
(H.).
7rfpta-
kA(a)rev&sot
v
XopaY
70
OirypOJ
(H.).
oapatloVY
7TaS
atyvia;
(?
tawd8a9).
nlepyaiot
(H.).
ostlXapov
vre'p&.
flepyaFot
(H.).
rpipjloxov* AdrToov.Are'AvotoH.).
iLXoyov"
arpa'rd6.
ITepyatot
(H.)
i
=
(sa);
though
cf.
the
Salaminian
iD'yeytgo
"
av'XXa3
'
(H.).
fepviov"
qtu.~7)
660d`.
-lap•tvXtot
(H.).
Does this
denote
the
great
highway
from
Sardes
to the
Bay
of
Antioch
?
'Ev
8
E'p)
167Tvro
Xedyet
0
abVT0
"HpaiXedir
obV
latt-
bvX1'ovg
AXXa
Xalpew
r
C
18,
7porTtelaJV
aT
7
TO
rari
TPWCvrj-
e•rTO.
To
7
oi
aoaa
o?
o
ao"
'al
A\•iXtog
3RaiXto"
o
86
&
t
xal
TbTOp pov'wpot/o3
e'y0ovut,
cal
trepto7rrowl.evo
86&
pov<^0 (Eustath.
ad
Hom.
1654,
20).
"EOov
;
8
'ovo&
AmptewvY
erLYw
<
a
p
(o1)
'Apeytot
Icat
Ad••coves
Ial
FlapJiLAtot
a
'Eperp&Is7
'•a
"Qpw
tot,
V.8evtav
0
0
otoiVprTe,
aaZeiav
Xapd'r'ov
'TO•'is
'7rtiEpope'voK
4
-jovije-
rr,
TOD
t70 Totat
rot&
C'at
icat
Bovao'a
Bov'oda'
al,
,overt•tc
t
CO'tcit
Etym.
2ag.
391,
12).
Compare
ctaltiv
quoted
by
Mr.
Ramsay.
A.
H. SAYcE.
s2