Powerpoint Presentation On WIND ENERGY

Expansion on what is Wind Energy?

Design

Wind Turbines

Technique

Advantages

Disadvantages/Drawbacks

Future Prospect

Ending on the wind resource

WIND ENERGY• All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal power),

ultimately comes from the sun

• The earth receives 1.74 x 1017 watts of power (per hour) from the sun

• About one or 2 percent of this energy is converted to wind energy (which is about 50-100 times more than the energy converted to biomass by all plants on earth

• Differential heating of the earth’s surface

and atmosphere induces vertical and horizontal

air currents that are affected by the earth’s

rotation and contours of the land WIND.

~ e.g.: Land Sea Breeze Cycle

• Winds are influenced by the ground surface at altitudes up to 100 meters.

• Wind is slowed by the surface roughness and obstacles.

• When dealing with wind energy, we are concerned with surface winds.

• A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting the force of the wind into a torque (turning force) acting on the rotor blades.

• The amount of energy which the wind transfers to the rotor depends on the density of the air, the rotor area, and the wind speed.

• The kinetic energy of a moving body is proportional to its mass (or weight). The kinetic energy in the wind thus depends on the density of the air, i.e. its mass per unit of volume. In other words, the "heavier" the air, the more energy is received by the turbine.

•Therefore the wind energy is the most important renewable resource on the Earth.

WINDMILL DESIGN• A Windmill captures

wind energy and then uses a generator to convert it to electrical energy.

• The design of a windmill is an integral part of how efficient it will be.

• When designing a windmill, one must decide on the size of the turbine, and the size of the generator.

LARGE TURBINES:

• Able to deliver electricity at lower cost than smaller turbines, because foundation costs, planning costs, etc. are independent of size.

• Well-suited for offshore wind plants.

• In areas where it is difficult to find sites, one large turbine on a tall tower uses the wind extremely efficiently.

SMALL TURBINES:

Local electrical grids may not be able to handle the large electrical output from a large turbine, so smaller turbines may be more suitable.

High costs for foundations for large turbines may not be economical in some areas.

Landscape considerations

TECHNIQUE• (1) A wind turbine captures energy from

moving air and converts it into electricity. The

• captured energy is affected by factors such as air density, turbine swept area, air

• velocity and power coefficient as in the following equation .

• (2)A MATLAB/Simulink model is developed to show how wind energy generated power from wind turbine.

• A MATLAB / SIMULINK MODEL

THE WIND RESOURCE

• The wind resource–how fast it blows, how often, and when–plays a significant role in its power generation cost. The power output from a wind turbine rises as a cube of wind speed. In other words, if wind speed doubles, the power output increases eight times. Therefore, higher-speed winds are more easily and inexpensively captured.

• Wind speeds are divided into seven classes–with class one being the lowest, and class seven being the highest. A wind resource assessment evaluates the average wind speeds above a section of land (e.g. 50 meters high), and assigns that area a wind class. Wind turbines operate over a limited range of wind speeds. If the wind is too slow, they won't be able to turn, and if too fast, they shut down to avoid being damaged. Wind speeds in classes three (6.7 – 7.4 meters per second (m/s)) and above are typically needed to economically generate power. Ideally, a wind turbine should be matched to the speed and frequency of the resource to maximize power production.

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