MODERN/INTERNATIONAL STYLE ARCHITECTURE • Mirrors early 20th century development visual arts • Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau, de Stijl, Bauhaus • Merging of Aesthetics with functionality • Louis Sullivan, Walter Gropius • Mass produced materials, economical, functional, efficient society, urban center • International Style: – Volume – Regularity – Avoid Decoration
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
MODERN/INTERNATIONAL STYLE ARCHITECTURE
• Mirrors early 20th century development visual arts• Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau, de Stijl, Bauhaus• Merging of Aesthetics with functionality• Louis Sullivan, Walter Gropius• Mass produced materials, economical, functional, efficient
society, urban center• International Style:
– Volume– Regularity– Avoid Decoration
Gropius, Bauhaus Headquarters, Dessau, Germany, 1919-25
• Est. 1919-33 Weimar
• Walter Gropius• Hannes Meyer,
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Lazlo Moholy-Nagy
• Functional, cheap, mass produced
• Utopia
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Fank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959), Guggenheim
Museum, New York, NY, 1959 • Early Work
– Prairie Style, Organic architecture, Revival of past,
• Year of death• Spiral (100’)• Unified• Purity• Movement• Competes with/
enhances artwork• Sculpture
Wright, Guggenheim Museum Interior• Resemblance to
forms in nature • Organic
Experience• Defies/Mimics
regularity of Intl style
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Le Corbusier (1887-1965), Notre Dame du Haut, Ronchamps, France, 1950-55
• Charles-Edouard Jeanneret
• Bauhaus inspired• Sculptural Style• Hadrian’s Villa• Emphasis on Design• Steel beams & mesh• Destination for
Pilgrims• “Praying hands” (32’
peak)• Dove• Outdoor altar
Interior
Le Corbusier, Villa Savoye, Poissy, France, 1928-30• Steel beams & mesh• Horizontal & Vertical• Five Points of a New
Architecture:– Freestanding pilotis– Open plan– Horizontal window– Free façade– Roof garden
Piet Mondrian, Composition, 1931
Villa Savoye details
Mies van der Roe (1886-1969) & Phillip Johnson (1906-2005), Seagram Building, New York, 1958
• German• “Less is More” • New York Buildings
– Lake Shore Drive Apts.– United Nations Bldg.
• “Successful relationship of parts of each and the whole”
• Skeletal, bronze and Amber windows, set away from street, on stilts, weightless/sturdy
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Jorn Utzon, Sydney Opera House, Sydney Australia, 1972
• Reinforced concrete
• Free form system
• Shells, Orange peels
• 222 ft (peak)• F.L. Wright • Sculpture• Rhythm
Moshe Safdie (1938-), Habitat, Montreal, 1967
• Pre-Postmodern
• Cliffs, Legos, Building Blocks
• Open-air living
• 158 apartments
• Cantilever
Safdie, Habitat, view from below
Safdie, Habitat,
67
Richard Meier (1934-), Douglas House, Harbor Springs, MI, 1971-3
• New York School (5)– Eisenman, Hejduk,
Graves, Gwathmey
• Wealthy clients• Neo-Corbusian• Purist, De Stijl• Highlights &
Contrasts with environment
• “Has its own presence”
Meier, Douglas House, 1971-3 • Dynamic interplay of lines
• Purified open space
Meier, Jubilee Church, Rome, Italy, 1998-2003
Late 19th Early 20th c. Women in Architecture
• Obstacles– Social
standards– Emphasis on
engineering and math
• Julia Morgan– Hearst Castle,
1922-1939• Eileen Gray
– E1027, 1924
Related Documents
