Powered Industrial Truck Powered Industrial Truck 29 CFR Part 1910.178 29 CFR Part 1910.178 How to Comply How to Comply
Jan 18, 2016
Powered Industrial TruckPowered Industrial Truck29 CFR Part 1910.17829 CFR Part 1910.178
How to ComplyHow to Comply
Powered Industrial Truck Powered Industrial Truck
DefinedDefined A mobile, power-propelled truck used to A mobile, power-propelled truck used to
carry, push, pull, lift, stack, or tier carry, push, pull, lift, stack, or tier materials. materials.
ExcludedExcluded Vehicles designed for earth moving or Vehicles designed for earth moving or
over the road haulage. over the road haulage.
Reasons for StandardReasons for Standard
100 fatalities and 36,340 serious 100 fatalities and 36,340 serious injuries in general industry and injuries in general industry and construction annually.construction annually.
20 - 25% of the accidents are, at 20 - 25% of the accidents are, at least in part, caused by inadequate least in part, caused by inadequate training.training.
Fatalities by Age GroupFatalities by Age Group
3%
10%
22%
21%
12%
5%
27%
Under 20
20 - 24
25 - 34
35 - 44
45 - 54
56 - 64
65 & over
Operator TrainingOperator Training
Must consist of a Must consist of a combination of:combination of: Formal InstructionFormal Instruction Practical Practical
DemonstrationDemonstration Operator EvaluationOperator Evaluation
Who Should Conduct the Who Should Conduct the TrainingTraining
Must have Must have necessary necessary knowledge, knowledge, training and training and experience to train experience to train operators and operators and evaluate their evaluate their competencycompetency
TraineesTrainees
Must be under the direct supervision Must be under the direct supervision of persons who have the knowledge, of persons who have the knowledge, training and experience to train training and experience to train operators and evaluate their operators and evaluate their performanceperformance
Where operation does not endanger Where operation does not endanger the trainee or othersthe trainee or others
Refresher Training & Refresher Training & EvaluationEvaluation
Observed Observed operating operating unsafelyunsafely
Occurrence of Occurrence of accident or near accident or near missmiss
Evaluation Evaluation reveals unsafe reveals unsafe operationoperation
Refresher Training Needed?Refresher Training Needed?
Refresher Training & Refresher Training & Evaluation Cont…Evaluation Cont…
Operator assigned to Operator assigned to a different type of a different type of trucktruck
Workplace condition Workplace condition changes that could changes that could affect safe operationaffect safe operation
Evaluation must be Evaluation must be conducted once conducted once every three years & every three years & after refresher after refresher training training
Avoidance of Duplicative Avoidance of Duplicative TrainingTraining
If an operator has previously If an operator has previously received training in a topic, and the received training in a topic, and the training is appropriate to the truck training is appropriate to the truck and working conditions encountered, and working conditions encountered, additional training in that topic is not additional training in that topic is not required if the operator has been required if the operator has been evaluated and found competent to evaluated and found competent to operate the truck safely. operate the truck safely.
Certified OperatorCertified Operator
Each employer must Each employer must certify that each certify that each operator has been operator has been trained and evaluatedtrained and evaluated
Certification must Certification must include:include: Name of the operatorName of the operator Date of the trainingDate of the training Date of the evaluationDate of the evaluation Identity of the trainer(s)Identity of the trainer(s)
Training ContentTraining Content
HANDOUT of HANDOUT of required training required training program contentprogram content
Truck Capability and Truck Capability and LimitationsLimitations
Information platesInformation plates Type of truckType of truck Truck capacityTruck capacity Truck weightTruck weight
Truck ManualTruck Manual GaugesGauges ControlsControls SwitchesSwitches
Pre-Operational InspectionPre-Operational Inspection
LeaksLeaks TiresTires Hoses/belts/cablesHoses/belts/cables Mast/forksMast/forks Safety equipmentSafety equipment Gauges/controlsGauges/controls Horns/AlarmsHorns/Alarms BrakesBrakes
Serious DefectsSerious Defects
Defects that would Defects that would put the truck out of put the truck out of serviceservice Faulty brakesFaulty brakes Steering problemsSteering problems Fuel system Fuel system
complicationscomplications Hydraulic leaksHydraulic leaks
Pre- OperationPre- Operation
Mount and dismount facing the lift Mount and dismount facing the lift trucktruck
Adjust seat, mirrors and apply seat Adjust seat, mirrors and apply seat beltbelt
Familiarize yourself with the controls Familiarize yourself with the controls and gaugesand gauges
Survey your surroundingsSurvey your surroundings
Picking up the LoadPicking up the Load
Make sure the load is within the rated Make sure the load is within the rated load capacityload capacity
Check the load for stabilityCheck the load for stability Approach the load slowly and straight Approach the load slowly and straight
onon Ensure the forks are centered to Ensure the forks are centered to
evenly distribute the weight of the loadevenly distribute the weight of the load Make certain the load is balanced and Make certain the load is balanced and
securesecure
Picking up the Load Cont…Picking up the Load Cont…
Drive forward until the forks are into Drive forward until the forks are into the load all the way so the load is the load all the way so the load is resting against the carriageresting against the carriage
Raise the load high enough only to Raise the load high enough only to clear the traveling surface, then tilt clear the traveling surface, then tilt the mast backthe mast back
Check behind, to both sides and Check behind, to both sides and above prior to movingabove prior to moving
Traveling with a LoadTraveling with a Load
Keep the load tilted back slightlyKeep the load tilted back slightly Travel with forks low as possibleTravel with forks low as possible If load blocks view, travel in reverseIf load blocks view, travel in reverse Make smooth controlled turns and Make smooth controlled turns and
stopsstops Pedestrians have the right of wayPedestrians have the right of way Lift or lower load only when completely Lift or lower load only when completely
stoppedstopped
Placing a LoadPlacing a Load
Inspect the area for Inspect the area for load placementload placement
Stop and slowly raise Stop and slowly raise the load to desired the load to desired heightheight
Place the load Place the load squarelysquarely
Look and then back up Look and then back up slowlyslowly
Lower the forks Lower the forks
STAY IN YOUR TRUCKSTAY IN YOUR TRUCK
Stability TriangleStability Triangle
Support points for Support points for the truck are the truck are located at points A, located at points A, B, and CB, and C
Stability TriangleStability Triangle
How can the center of How can the center of gravity shift outside the gravity shift outside the triangle?triangle?-Carrying too heavy a load-Carrying too heavy a load-Moving with an elevated -Moving with an elevated loadload-Turning the lift truck while -Turning the lift truck while moving too fastmoving too fast-Operating the truck on an -Operating the truck on an inclineincline-Starting/Stopping too fast-Starting/Stopping too fast-Jerky operation of the -Jerky operation of the hydraulic systemhydraulic system
ParkingParking
Fully lower forks and neutralize Fully lower forks and neutralize controlscontrols
Shut power offShut power off Set parking brakeSet parking brake Chock wheels if parked on an inclineChock wheels if parked on an incline Do not block exitsDo not block exits
Refueling & RechargingRefueling & Recharging
Park in a designated Park in a designated area area
Wear PPEWear PPE Ensure there is Ensure there is
sufficient ventilationsufficient ventilation No SmokingNo Smoking Have a fire Have a fire
extinguisher near byextinguisher near by
Training SummaryTraining Summary
Each forklift operator must be trainedEach forklift operator must be trained Designate forklift trainer(s) and put Designate forklift trainer(s) and put
together an effective training together an effective training curriculumcurriculum
Maintain accurate training recordsMaintain accurate training records Evaluate operators performance as Evaluate operators performance as
requiredrequired
QuestionsQuestions
For more information, refer to For more information, refer to www.osha.govwww.osha.gov, or, or
Contact your local area OSHA officeContact your local area OSHA office