Power related issues requiring SmartGrids solutions

SmartgridsThe Distribution perspective

1

3rd November 2010

David Trebolle Trebolle“Head of real time and back office systems in operation”

1. Introduction

2. A smartgrids roadmap

3. Ancillary services

4. Conclusions

2

Introduction

3

What is happening today?

DSM

Yesterday

Today

The smart future

E.R. Solar 3%

E.R. Wind 13%

CCGT 29%

Hydro 9%

Nuclear 19%

Coal 12%

Fuel/Gas 1%

Energy balance 2009

251 TWh

E.R. Rest 11%

E.R. Solar 4%

E.R. Wind 19%

CCGT 24%

Hydro 18%

Nuclear 8%

Coal 12%

Fuel/Gas 4%

Installed Capacity 2009

93.215 MW

E.R. Rest 14%

Source: REE

Parts of distribution networks

Types of Grid StructureOperation

TypeClients

(Nº)Installations

(Nº)Operation Flexibility

Monitoring

Level

Transmission

(Security of supply)

(400, 220 kV)

Mesh Mesh Very few Not many High High

Distribution

(Quality of Service)

Subtransmission

(132, 66, 45 kV)Mesh / Radial

Mesh / Radial

Few Quite a lot Medium High

MV

(20, 15 kV)Mesh/ Radial

Radial Several Many Low Medium

LV

(400, 380 V)Mesh / Radial

Radial Many Many Very Low None

38%

52%

10%

LV

MV

Subtransmission

The passive way…

Source: KEMA

8

Demand side management

Active networks

Distributed generation

New

tech

nolo

gie

s

QualityEfficient

Sustainable

A new paradigm in the electrical business

New

reg

ula

tory

fram

ew

ork

Microgrids

Storage, Electric vehicles

A new paradigm?

Challenges and solutions

Source: KEMA

A coordination between all DER…

10

Smartgrids: a definition

“Electricity networks that can intelligently integrate the behavior and actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both – in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies.

Source: European Technology Platform SmartGrids

11

Loads

Storage

Generation

Transit

e-Mobility

Smart Grids

Smart Meters

Virtual Power Plant

Transmission grids

Distribution Grids

Smart Home

e-Energy

ICT

Trade

Future Market Places

MUC = Multi Utility CommunicationICT = Information and Communication Technology

MUC

Smartgrids: a definition

A smartgrids roadmap

12

Tiempo

Gestión inteligente de la red

Optimización de la explotación

de la red

• Telecontrol y monitorización de red

• Telegestión del sistema de protección

• Herramientas de ayuda a la operación

• Gestión activa de la red

• Esquemas regulatorios

1. Advanced Metering Infrastructure

1

Telegestión

• AMI1 (despliegue masivo con comunicación bidireccional)

• Lectura remota y generalizada de la información de uso

• Integración en procesos de los DSO’s y TSO’s

3

• Integración de la generación distribuida

• Criterios técnicos de conexión

• Integración SSCC

• Operación en isla

• Cambios regulatorios

Integración de la GD

2

Gestión avanzada

de la demanda

• Participación activa de la demanda (desplazamientos de carga, reducción de consumo)

• Gestión activa de la demanda (integración en SSCC)

• Cambios regulatorios

• Automatización en consumo final (redes inteligentes en los hogares y aparatos eléctricos inteligentes

• Vehículo eléctrico

4

• Integración de todos los DER

• Operación optimizada de las instalaciones

• Control avanzado de las sistemas de red (fiabilidad, fraude, control de flujos)

• Almacenamiento eficiente de energía

• Cambios regulatorios (mejor asignación de costes según uso de las redes)

Optimización y coordinación del SE global

5

Hoja de ruta Smartgrids

HOY deberíamos estar aquí

14

Ancillary services

Security of Supply contributions

Quality of Supply Services

Voltage control

Constraints management

Frequency Response

Regulating and Standing Reserve

Voltage and Reactive Power control

Constraints management

TSO

Ancillary services with DER?

DSO

Grid codes

Grid codes?

Grid Code 7.4 (TSO) RD661/2008 (DG)

Transmission voltage levels required

Power factors required at distribution connection points

RD1955/2000 (DSO)

+7% rated voltage for customers

Power factors required for DG depending on the moment (peak, valley…)

2DGdemand2

DGdemand

DGdemand

QQPP

PPPF

TSO vs DSO vs DG

DSO is not able to control power factor at transmission borders due to DGThe purpose of DSO is voltage control

Not Controllable

DG and voltage control: Regulatory framework

Ratio S/P

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

400 V 20 kVsubterráneo

20 kV aéreo 66 kV 132 kV 220 kV

Relation S/P required to maintain voltage profile when active power is injected in the grid

Source: Seville UniversityRedes 2025 Project

The effect of parameter R/X in voltage profile

Security of Supply DG contribution

DG can delay investments in some cases

Period of firmness is low

The primary source is controllable and predictable

Low capacity required

Many embedded Distributed Generators

19

Conclusions

Expected Benefits

Distribution active management

Smart DSO and DG Incentive schemes. DSO should recover costsGrid codesAncillary services with DER

New technologies…

Regulatory framework

Less fossil fuel dependenceMore efficiency in use of assetsIncrease reliability and security of supply

From passive to active gridsFrom inflexibility to flexibility and controllabilitySmart grids

From DG connection to DG integration..From passive demand to active demand…From passive networks to active networks

From “Generation follows demand” to coordination between all DER

DG integrationTechnical connection criteriaActive participation in ancillary servicesLocation signals

For DSO’s and TSO’sapplied to information controlsmart metering and monitoring

21

Thank you very much