Power Point English Four

ENGLISH AT HANDENGLISH AT HAND

Past TensePast Tense

WhereWhere werewere you born? you born?I I waswas born in Argentina. born in Argentina.

WereWere you born in Buenos you born in Buenos AiresAires??Yes, I Yes, I waswas..No, I No, I wasnwasn’t’t. I. I waswas born in Córdova. born in Córdova.

When When diddid you move to los Angeles? you move to los Angeles?I I movedmoved here ten years ago. I here ten years ago. I didn’t speakdidn’t speak English. English.

Past TensePast Tense

DidDid you you taketake English classes in Argentina? English classes in Argentina?

Yes, I Yes, I diddid. I . I tooktook classes for a year. classes for a year.

No, I No, I didn’tdidn’t. My aunt . My aunt taughttaught me at home. me at home.

Used toUsed to

I I usedused toto be very messy, but now, I’m very neat.be very messy, but now, I’m very neat.

DidDid you you use touse to collect things? collect things?

Yes, I Yes, I used toused to collect comic books. collect comic books.

No, I No, I didn’t use todidn’t use to collect anything, but now I collect art collect anything, but now I collect art

What sports did you What sports did you use touse to play? play?

I I never used tonever used to play sports, but now I play tennis. play sports, but now I play tennis.

Adverbs of quantityAdverbs of quantity

With count nounsWith count nouns

There are There are too too manymany cars.cars. There should be There should be fewerfewer cars. cars. We need We need moremore subway lines. subway lines.

There areThere aren’t enoughn’t enough buses. buses.

With noncount nounsWith noncount nouns

There is There is too muchtoo much trafic. trafic. There should be There should be lessless pollution.pollution. We need We need moremore public public

transportation.transportation. There isThere isn’t enoughn’t enough parking parking

Indirect questions using Wh-questionsIndirect questions using Wh-questions

Wh-questions with beWh-questions with be

Where is the bank?Where is the bank?

Where are the rest rooms?Where are the rest rooms?

Wh-questions with do or didWh-questions with do or did

How often do the buses leave?How often do the buses leave?

What time does the bank open?What time does the bank open?

Indirect questionsIndirect questions

Could you tell me Could you tell me where the where the bank isbank is??

Do you know Do you know where the rest where the rest rooms arerooms are??

Indirect questionsIndirect questions

Can you tell me Can you tell me how often the how often the buses leavebuses leave??

Do you know Do you know what time the what time the bank opensbank opens??

Indirect questions using Wh-questionsIndirect questions using Wh-questions

When did Flight 566 arrive?When did Flight 566 arrive? Do you know Do you know when Flight 566 when Flight 566 arrivedarrived??

Evaluations and comparisonsEvaluations and comparisons

Evaluations with adjectives.Evaluations with adjectives.

Apartments areApartments aren’tn’t big big enoughenough for families.for families.

Apartments are Apartments are tootoo small for small for pets.pets.

Comparisons with adjectives.Comparisons with adjectives.

Houses areHouses aren’tn’t as convenient as convenient asas apartments.apartments.

Houses are Houses are just asjust as convenient convenient asas apartments. apartments.

Evaluations with nouns.Evaluations with nouns.

Apartments doApartments don’tn’t have have enoughenough parking spaces.parking spaces.

Houses cost Houses cost too muchtoo much money. money.

Comparisons with nounsComparisons with nouns

Apartments have Apartments have just as manyjust as many rooms rooms asas houses. houses.

Apartments don’t have Apartments don’t have as muchas much privacy privacy asas houses. houses.

List of Irregular VerbsList of Irregular VerbsInfinitive Infinitive Simple Past TenseSimple Past Tense ParticipleParticiple MeaningMeaning

bebe was, werewas, were beenbeen SER/ESTARSER/ESTAR

breakbreak brokebroke brokenbroken QUEBRARQUEBRAR

bringbring broughtbrought broughtbrought TRAERTRAER

buybuy boughtbought boughtbought COMPRARCOMPRAR

dodo diddid donedone HACERHACER

drivedrive drovedrove drivendriven CONDUCIRCONDUCIR

drinkdrink drankdrank drunkdrunk BEBERBEBER

eateat ateate eateneaten COMERCOMER

forgetforget forgotforgot forgottenforgotten OLVIDAROLVIDAR

gogo wentwent gonegone IRIR

growgrow grewgrew growngrown CRECERCRECER

knowknow knewknew knownknown SABER-CONOCERSABER-CONOCER

speakspeak spokespoke spokenspoken HABLARHABLAR

taketake tooktook takentaken TOMARTOMAR

teachteach taughttaught taughttaught ENSEÑARENSEÑAR

Use of: “Was/Were”Use of: “Was/Were”- I - YouI - You

- He Was - We WereHe Was - We Were

- She - TheyShe - They

- It It

++

Yes, I wasYes, I was

Yes, You wereYes, You were

Yes, He wasYes, He was

Yes, She wasYes, She was

Yes, It wasYes, It was

Yes, We wereYes, We were

Yes, They wereYes, They were

--

No, I wasn’tNo, I wasn’t

No, You weren’tNo, You weren’t

No, He wasn’tNo, He wasn’t

No, She wasn’tNo, She wasn’t

No, It wasn’tNo, It wasn’t

No, We weren’tNo, We weren’t

No, They weren’tNo, They weren’t













knowknow knewknew knowknow SABER-CONOCERSABER-CONOCER




Use of: “Did”Use of: “Did” I didI did You didYou did He didHe did She didShe did It didIt did We didWe did They didThey did

Examples:Examples:

Did you go to the supermarket? – Did you go to the supermarket? – Yes, I did / No, I didn’tYes, I did / No, I didn’tDid he go to the zoo yesterday? – Did he go to the zoo yesterday? – Yes, he did / No, He didn’tYes, he did / No, He didn’t Did she go shopping last week? – Did she go shopping last week? – Yes She did / No, She didn’tYes She did / No, She didn’tDid they go to the cinema? – Did they go to the cinema? – Yes They did / No, They didn’t Yes They did / No, They didn’t

List of Regular VerbsList of Regular VerbsInfinitive Infinitive Simple Past TenseSimple Past Tense ParticipleParticiple MeaningMeaning

ArriveArrive ArrivedArrived ArrivedArrived LlegarLlegar

BelieveBelieve BelievedBelieved BelievedBelieved CreerCreer

CoughCough CoughedCoughed CoughedCoughed ToserToser

GuessGuess GuessedGuessed GuessedGuessed Adivinar, SuponerAdivinar, Suponer

HappenHappen HappenedHappened HappenedHappened SucederSuceder

HateHate HatedHated HatedHated Odiar, Cargarle a unoOdiar, Cargarle a uno

LearnLearn LearnedLearned LearnedLearned AprenderAprender

MoveMove MovedMoved MovedMoved Mover, Trasladar, CambiarseMover, Trasladar, Cambiarse

PlayPlay PlayedPlayed PlayedPlayed Jugar, Tocar,Jugar, Tocar,

SlowSlow SlowedSlowed SlowedSlowed DisminuirDisminuir

SneezeSneeze SneezedSneezed SneezedSneezed EstornudarEstornudar

SnowSnow SnowedSnowed SnowedSnowed NevarNevar

WorkWork WorkedWorked WorkedWorked Trabajar, funcionarTrabajar, funcionar

































Used toUsed to

““When I was a Kid, I When I was a Kid, I used toused to be very messy, but now I’m very neat. be very messy, but now I’m very neat.

PastPast

Adverbs of quantityAdverbs of quantity

ExamplesExamples

Too many + count nounsToo many + count nouns

“ “There are There are too manytoo many cars” cars”

Less + noncount nounsLess + noncount nouns

“ “There should be There should be less less pollution”pollution”

WishWish

SomeSome ExamplesExamples ofof WishWish HowHow toto Use Use it it

I live with my I live with my ParentsParents..I Wish I I Wish I hadhad my own apartment.my own apartment.

We can’t move out.We can’t move out.We Wish We We Wish We CouldCould move out.move out.

SheShe drankdrank too too muchmuch atat thethe party party. . She Wishes She hadn’t drunk so much at the party. She Wishes She hadn’t drunk so much at the party.

Simple Past VS Present PerfectSimple Past VS Present Perfect

HowHow toto Use Simple Use Simple PastPast

HowHow toto Use Use PresentPresent PerfectPerfect

Last Sunday I Last Sunday I ate ate chinese foodchinese foodYesterday I went to the cinema with my friends

I have worked in this bank for ten years

I I havehave missedmissed my Job my Job

Sequence AdverbsSequence AdverbsFirst ,Then ,Next ,After ,FinallyFirst ,Then ,Next ,After ,Finally

SomeSome examplesexamples

Future with be going to and Future with be going to and willwillWhat are you going to do on the weekend?What are you going to do on the weekend?

I'm going to dance with my girlfriendI'm going to dance with my girlfriend

I’m going to relax at the beachI’m going to relax at the beach

What about you, any plans ?What about you, any plans ?

I’m not sure, Maybe I’ll watch a few I’m not sure, Maybe I’ll watch a few DVDs.DVDs.

Modals for necessity and SuggestionsModals for necessity and Suggestions

HowHow toto Use Modal Use Modal VerbsVerbs

The red light means you The red light means you mustmust stop stop

You You needneed to make a reservationto make a reservation

I I willwill havehave toto buy the tickets before.buy the tickets before.

You'd better avoid being lateYou'd better avoid being late

you ought to pack a first-aid kityou ought to pack a first-aid kit

YouYou shouldshould be be dancingdancing

Next CarlosNext Carlos

WishWish ReturnReturn

I live with my Parents.I live with my Parents.ReturnReturn

She drank too much at She drank too much at the party.the party. ReturnReturn

We Wish We Could move We Wish We Could move outout

ReturnReturn

I ‘ve missed my JobI ‘ve missed my Job ReturnReturn

I'm going to dance with my I'm going to dance with my girlfriendgirlfriendsubject + be + going to + verb in infinitivesubject + be + going to + verb in infinitive

ReturnReturn

I’m going to relax at the I’m going to relax at the beachbeach

ReturnReturn

The red light means you The red light means you must stop must stop ReturnReturn

I will have to buy the tickets I will have to buy the tickets before.before. ReturnReturn

You need to make a You need to make a reservationreservation ReturnReturn

You'd better avoid being You'd better avoid being latelate ReturnReturn

you ought to pack a first-aid you ought to pack a first-aid kitkit ReturnReturn

you should be dancingyou should be dancing ReturnReturn

ReturnReturn

AffirmativeAffirmative NegativeNegative InterrogativeInterrogative

PresentPresent must mustn't must I?

have to don't have to / haven't got to

do I have to?

needn't have I got to?

PastPast had to hadn't got to had I got to?

didn't have to did I have to?

FutureFuture will have to won't have to will I have to?

Affirmative: subject + must + verb in infinitiveAffirmative: subject + must + verb in infinitiveNegative : subject + must + not + verb in infinitiveNegative : subject + must + not + verb in infinitiveInterrogative : must + subject + verb in infinitiveInterrogative : must + subject + verb in infinitive

WishWishSubject + Wish + Subject + Verb in past Subject + Wish + Subject + Verb in past tense to refer to present wishestense to refer to present wishes

SubjectSubject How to use How to use Present wishesPresent wishes

II WishWish I + Verb Past TenseI + Verb Past Tense

YouYou WishWish You + Verb Past TenseYou + Verb Past Tense

She / He / ITShe / He / IT WishesWishes She / He / ITShe / He / IT

+ Verb Past Tense+ Verb Past Tense

WeWe WishWish We + Verb Past TenseWe + Verb Past Tense

TheyThey WishWish They + Verb Past TenseThey + Verb Past Tense

ReturnReturn

Infinitive Infinitive Past TensePast Tense ParticipleParticiple MeaningMeaning



have / have / hashas hadhad hadhad TENERTENER



Irregular VerbsIrregular Verbs ReturnReturn

Infinitive Infinitive Simple Past Simple Past TenseTense

ParticipleParticiple MeaningMeaning



have / have / hashas hadhad hadhad TENERTENER




Present PerfectPresent Perfect


I I havehave gonegone I haven't I haven't gonegone

Have I gone ?Have I gone ?

You have goneYou have gone You haven't You haven't gonegone

Have you gone ?Have you gone ?

She / He / IT She / He / IT has gonehas gone He hasn't He hasn't gonegone

HasHas She / He / IT She / He / IT gonegone

We We have gonehave gone We haven't We haven't gonegone

Have we gone ?Have we gone ?

They have goneThey have gone They haven't They haven't gonegone

Have they gone ?Have they gone ?

ReturnReturn

Simple PastSimple Past


I I wentwent I didn't goI didn't go DidDid I go ?I go ?

You wentYou went You didn't goYou didn't go Did you go ?Did you go ?

She / He / IT wentShe / He / IT went She / He / IT She / He / IT didn't go didn't go

did She / He / IT godid She / He / IT go

We wentWe went We didn't goWe didn't go Did we go ?Did we go ?

They wentThey went They didn't They didn't gogo

Did they go ?Did they go ?

ReturnReturn











































CallCall calledcalled calledcalled LLAMARLLAMAR

FixFix fixedfixed fixedfixed ARREGLARARREGLAR

MissMiss missedmissed missedmissed PERDERPERDER

TurnTurn turnedturned turnedturned GIRARGIRAR

WorkWork workedworked workedworked TRABAJARTRABAJAR

Regulars VerbsRegulars Verbs ReturnReturn

Present PerfectPresent Perfect ReturnReturn

Two-part verbs, will for responding to requestsTwo-part verbs, will for responding to requests

With nouns With nouns With pronouns With pronouns Requests and responsesRequests and responses

TurnTurn downdown the radio.the radio. TurnTurn itit downdown. Please turn down the music.. Please turn down the music.

TurnTurn the radio the radio downdown.. OK. I’ OK. I’llll turn it down. turn it down.

PickPick up up those leaves. those leaves. PickPick themthem upup. Pick up your clothes, please.. Pick up your clothes, please.

PickPick your tools your tools upup.. All right. I’ All right. I’llll pick them up. pick them up.

Please let Please let the dog the dog outout.. Let the dog out, please. Let the dog out, please.

PleasePlease letlet out out the dogthe dog OK. I’OK. I’llll let it out. let it out.

Requests with modals and Would you mind…?

Turn Down

Return

Pick up

Let out

Personal PronounsPersonal PronounsPersonal PronounsPersonal Pronouns

SingularSingular SubjectiveSubjective PossessivePossessive ObjectiveObjective

1st person1st person I I my, mine my, mine me me

2nd person2nd person you you your, yours your, yours you you

3rd person3rd person heheshesheit it

hishisher, hersher, hersits its

himhimherherit it

Plural Plural

1st person1st person we we our, ours our, ours us us

2nd person2nd person you you your, yours your, yours you you

3rd person3rd person they they their, theirs their, theirs themthem

Two-part verbs, will for responding to requests

Requests with modals and Would you mindRequests with modals and Would you mind

Modal + simple form of verbModal + simple form of verb Would you mind … + gerundWould you mind … + gerund

CanCan you you turnturn the stereo the stereo offoff?? WouldWould you you mindmind turningturning the stereo down the stereo down

CouldCould you you closeclose the door, please? the door, please? WouldWould you you mindmind closingclosing the door,please? the door,please?

WouldWould you please you please taketake your garbage your garbage outout? ? WouldWould you you mindmind not puttingnot putting your garbage your garbage here? here?

Infinitives and gerunds for uses and purposes

ModalsModalsAffirmativeAffirmative NegativeNegative InterrogativeInterrogative

I can goI can go I can't goI can't go Can I go ?Can I go ?

I could goI could go I couldn't goI couldn't go Could I go ?Could I go ?

I may goI may go I may not goI may not go May I go ?May I go ?

I might goI might go I might not goI might not go Might I go ?Might I go ?

I must goI must go I mustn't goI mustn't go Must I go ?Must I go ?

I should goI should go I shouldn't goI shouldn't go Should I go ?Should I go ?

I would goI would go I wouldn't goI wouldn't go Would I go ?Would I go ?


Infinitives and gerunds for uses and purposesInfinitives and gerunds for uses and purposes

InfinitivesInfinitives Gerunds Gerunds

I use my computer I use my computer to sendto send e-mails. I use my computer e-mails. I use my computer for sendingfor sending e-mails. e-mails.

Computers are often used Computers are often used to payto pay bills. Computers are often used bills. Computers are often used for payingfor paying bills. bills.

I use my car I use my car to goto go to work to work I use my car I use my car for goingfor going to work. to work.

Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions

Irregular VerbsIrregular VerbsInfinitive Infinitive Simple Past TenseSimple Past Tense ParticipleParticiple GerundsGerunds MeaningMeaning

TakeTake TookTook TakenTaken TakingTaking TomarTomarSendSend SentSent SentSent SendingSending EnviarEnviarPayPay PaidPaid PaidPaid PayingPaying PagarPagarGoGo Went Went GoneGone GoingGoing IrIrBeBe Was/WereWas/Were BeenBeen BeingBeing Ser/EstarSer/Estar

ForgetForget ForgotForgot ForgottenForgotten ForgetingForgeting OlvidarOlvidarMakeMake MadeMade MadeMade MakingMaking PrepararPrepararGiveGive GaveGave GivenGiven GivingGiving DarDar

Have/HasHave/Has HadHad HadHad HavingHaving TenerTenerKeepKeep KeptKept KeptKept KeepingKeeping MantenerMantenerKnowKnow KnewKnew KnowKnow KnowingKnowing Saber/ConocerSaber/ConocerLearnLearn Learned/LearntLearned/Learnt Learned/LearntLearned/Learnt LearningLearning AprenderAprenderLoseLose LostLost LostLost LosingLosing PerderPerderMeetMeet MetMet MetMet MeetingMeeting Reunir/EncontrarseReunir/EncontrarseSleepSleep SleptSlept SleptSlept SleepingSleeping DormirDormirSpeakSpeak SpokeSpoke SpokenSpoken SpeakingSpeaking HablarHablarSpendSpend SpentSpent SpentSpent SpendingSpending Permanecer/GastarPermanecer/GastarSwimSwim SwamSwam SwumSwum SwimmingSwimming NadarNadar

Infinitives and gerunds for uses and purposes

Regular VerbsRegular VerbsInfinitive Infinitive Simple Past TenseSimple Past Tense ParticipleParticiple GerundsGerunds MeaningMeaning

TurnTurn TurnedTurned TurnedTurned TurningTurning GirarGirar

CloseClose ClosedClosed ClosedClosed ClosingClosing CerrarCerrar

RememberRemember RememberedRemembered RememberedRemembered RememberingRemembering RecordarRecordar

TryTry TriedTried TriedTried TryingTrying TratarTratar

CelebrateCelebrate CelebratedCelebrated CelebratedCelebrated CelebratingCelebrating CelebrarCelebrar

GreetGreet GreetedGreeted GreetedGreeted GreetingGreeting SaludarSaludar

GuessGuess GuessedGuessed GuessedGuessed GuessingGuessing Adivinar/SuponerAdivinar/Suponer

HailHail HailedHailed HailedHailed HailingHailing GranizarGranizar

HuntHunt HuntedHunted HuntedHunted HuntingHunting CazarCazar

IdentifyIdentify IdentifiedIdentified IdentifiedIdentified IdentifiyingIdentifiying IdentificarIdentificar

IgnoreIgnore IgnoredIgnored IgnoredIgnored IgnoringIgnoring IgnorarIgnorar

ImagineImagine ImaginedImagined ImaginedImagined ImaginingImagining ImaginarImaginar

ImpressImpress ImpressedImpressed ImpressedImpressed ImpressingImpressing ImpresionarImpresionar

ImproveImprove ImprovedImproved ImprovedImproved ImprovingImproving MejorarMejorar

JumpJump JumpedJumped JumpedJumped JumpingJumping SaltarSaltar


Imperatives and infinitives for giving Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestionssuggestions

Be sure to Be sure to turn it on. turn it on. Remember toRemember to pay the bill every month. pay the bill every month.

Don´t forget to Don´t forget to dial the area code. dial the area code. Try not to Try not to talk for too long.talk for too long.

Make sure to Make sure to hit the “end” button.hit the “end” button. Try toTry to arrive early today. arrive early today.

Relative clauses of time

Relative clauses of timeRelative clauses of time

Thanksgiving is Thanksgiving is a daya day.. WhenWhen North Americans celebrate the harvest . North Americans celebrate the harvest .

February 14 is February 14 is the daythe day.. WhenWhen people give cards to the ones they love. people give cards to the ones they love.

New Year´s Eve is New Year´s Eve is a nighta night. . WhenWhen I have fun with my friends. I have fun with my friends.

Next Grammar Focus

ThanksgivingFebruary 14

New Year´s eve

Relative clauses of time

Adverbial clauses of timeAdverbial clauses of time

WhenWhen people get married in Japan, they sometimes have the ceremony at a shrine. people get married in Japan, they sometimes have the ceremony at a shrine.

AfterAfter the food is served, the guests give speeches or sing songs. the food is served, the guests give speeches or sing songs.

BeforeBefore the guests leave, the bride and groom give them presents. the guests leave, the bride and groom give them presents.

She began cooking She began cooking whilewhile I was finishing my homework. I was finishing my homework.

AfterAfter

Future tense is used in this adverbial Future tense is used in this adverbial clause.clause.

After she graduates, After she graduates, she will get a job.she will get a job.

I will leaveI will leave before he comesbefore he comes..

WhenWhen

When I arrived, he was talking on the When I arrived, he was talking on the phone.phone.

When I see him tomorrow, I will ask When I see him tomorrow, I will ask him.him.

While/AsWhile/AsDuring that time. During that time. * Adverb clause is in * Adverb clause is in past progressivepast progressive..While I While I was walkingwas walking home home, it began to , it began to

rain.rain.

As I As I was walkingwas walking home home, it began to rain., it began to rain.

By the time By the time

By the time he arrived, we had By the time he arrived, we had already left.already left.

By the time he comes, we will have By the time he comes, we will have already left.already left.

SinceSince

From that time to the presentFrom that time to the present The present perfect is used in the The present perfect is used in the main main

clause.clause. I haven’t seen him I haven’t seen him since he left this since he left this

morning.morning.

I’ve known her I’ve known her ever since I was a child.ever since I was a child.

UntilUntil

We stayed there until we finished We stayed there until we finished our lesson.our lesson.

We stayed there till we finished our We stayed there till we finished our lesson.lesson.

As soon asAs soon asOnceOnce

As soon as it starts raining, we will As soon as it starts raining, we will leave.leave.

Once I have a chance, I will throw you Once I have a chance, I will throw you an ice ball.an ice ball.

As long asAs long as

From the Beginning to the end.From the Beginning to the end. I will never speak to him as long as I live.I will never speak to him as long as I live. I will never speak to him so long as I live.I will never speak to him so long as I live.

WheneverWheneverEvery timeEvery time

Whenever I see her, I say hello.Whenever I see her, I say hello.

Every time I see her, I say hello.Every time I see her, I say hello.

The first time, the The first time, the second time…second time…

The first time that I The first time that I went to New York, went to New York, I went to an opera.I went to an opera.

I saw two plays the I saw two plays the last time (that) I last time (that) I went to New York.went to New York.

The next time The next time (that) I go to New (that) I go to New York, I’m going to York, I’m going to see a ballet.see a ballet.

Power Point English Four

Documents

nouns apartments

whquestions whquestions

apartments dont

houses arent

parking indirect questions

apartments arent big

taught participlebeen

comparisons evaluations