Perkembangan Industri Oleokimia Indonesia dan Dunia 1 Laporan Februari 2011 Roosmariharso
Perkembangan Industri
Oleokimia Indonesia dan
Dunia
1
Laporan Februari 2011
Roosmariharso
Proses Pengolahan Minyak Sawit Menjadi Produk
Oleokimia
Gliserol
Asam lemak
(fatty acid)
Monoasil gliserol
Diasil gliserol
Ester asam lemak
Alkil epoksi ester
Asam lemak etoksilat
Conjugated fatty acid
Asam lemak jenuh
Gliserida parsial
Triasetin
Surfactants
Soaps & Detergents
Existing Applications
Produk Oleokimia Dasar Produk Oleokimia Hilir Antara
Produk Oleokimia Hilir
AKhir
2
Minyak
Sawit
Metil ester
asam lemak
Fatty
alkohol
Asam lemak jenuh
Alkohol Guerbet
Alkil klorida
Fatty alkohol etoksilat
Fatty alkohol sulfat
Ester
Soap noodle
Metil Ester Sulfonat
Fatty acid alkanolamide
Epoxided trigliseride
Etoksilat trigliserida
Hydrogenated oil
Turkey red oil
Fatty alkohol alkosilat
Fatty alkohol eter sulfat
Fatty alkohol eter fosfat
Fatty alkohol
sulfosuksinat
Sukrosa ester
Biolubricants
Green Chemicals
Bioplastics
Biopolymers
Etc...
Emerging
Applications
Cosmetics
Food Emulsifier
Pengolahan Minyak Sawit Menjadi Produk Pangan
3
Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit Menjadi Bionenergi
4
Value Chain of the Oleochemical Industry:Value Chain Analysis
5
Value Chain of the Oleochemical Industry:Typical Profits Along the Value Chain
% O
F T
UR
NO
VE
R)
6
PR
OF
IT M
AR
GIN
(%
World Oleochemical 2010
Indonesia
720.000
12%
� Indonesia
10 types of downstream
MARKET (in Tonnes) TECHNOLOGY
7
Malaysia
1.100.000
18%
Others
4.180.000
70%
Indonesia Malaysia Others
10 types of downstream
products
� Malaysia
120 types of downstream
products
Global Fatty Acid Capacity/
Detergent Alcohol Capacity
Country/regionFatty acid, Detergent alcohol
'000 tonnes/year '000 tonnes/year
China 1300 480
Europe 1250 720
8
Europe 1250 720
India 325 125
Indonesia 1000 290
Malaysia 2250 460
Others 710 200
Rest of Asia 200 497
USA 1000 635
TOTAL 8035 3407
Source: Neil A Burns
Production of Various Palm-Related
Products in Indonesia
9
Source: CIC
Indonesia Oleochemical Consumption
Fatty Alcohol
48%
Detergent
Cleaning material
11% Antioxidants
Soap
10
Glycerin
37%
Soap
Cosmetics
Pharmaceutical
24%
Alkyd resin
Food products
Indonesian Major Oleochemical Producers
No Company LocationTypes of
Products
Capacity
(MT/yr)
1 Cisadane Raya Chemical, PT Tangerang Fatty Acid 182.000
Glycerin 5.500
Stearic Acid 12.500
2 Sinar Oleochemical Int'l, PT Medan Fatty Acid 120.000
Glycerin 5.000
3 Sumi Asih Oleochemical, PT Bekasi Fatty Acid 100.000
Glycerin 3.500
4 Riau Batam Megah, PT Batam Fatty Alcohol 90.000
(PT Ecogreen Oleochemical) Glycerin 8.700
Methyl Ester 5.300
5 Aribawana, PT Medan Fatty Acid 8.000
11
5 Aribawana, PT Medan Fatty Acid 8.000
(PT Ecogreen Oleochemical) Fatty Alcohol 30.000
Glycerin 3.800
6 Prima Inti Perkasa, PT Medan Fatty Alcohol 30.000
Fatty Acid 8.000
7 Flora Sawita Chemindo Medan Fatty Acid 60.000
Glycerin 5.400
8 Musim Mas, PT Medan Fatty Acid 12.000
Glycerin 1.200
9 Domas Ahrointi Prima, PT Medan Fatty Acid 56.000
Fatty Alcohol 33.000
Glycerin 12.000
10 Bumi Makmur Lestari, PT Medan Acid Stearat 21.000
11 Citra Janesia Persada Medan Acid Stearat 24.000
TOTAL 836.900
Source: CIC
World Major Oleochemical Producers
� ADM (Archer Daniels Midland)� Linseed and soy based inks, coatings,
adhesives, wax, personal care products
� Cargill� Base oils, lubricants, polyols, esters, fatty
acids, wax
� SE Asian Companies� Kuala Lumpur Kepong, OIO Corp., Wilmar,
Emery Oleochemical
� Cognis� Wide range of products, “ozone
chemicals”, oilfield chemicals
� P&G Chemicals� Fatty alcohols, acids, amines, esters
� Akzo Nobel (now Oleon)� Fatty amine surfactants, full range of
fatty acids
12
Emery Oleochemical
� Croda (Uniquema)� Full line of oil products and oleochemicals
� Chemtura� Wide range of fatty acid based chemicals,
synthetic lubricants
fatty acids
� Arkema� Epoxidized soy and linseed oil
� Kolb Holdings� Fatty acid and alcohol ethoxylates
� VVF� Fatty acids and alcohols
Fatty Alcohol Price
13
Fatty Acid Price
14
Glycerin Price
15
CPO Price (Jan 2005 – Jan 2011)
16
Source: World Bank Commodity Price Data
Indikator Kelayakan Palm-oil based Industry di
IndonesiaCapacity Unit
Project Cost
(1000 IDR)IRR NPV
PBP
(year)Net B/C
PKS 45 ton FFB/hr Rp86.192.158,00 24,50% Rp89.616.880,00 5,45 2,49
PKS 30 ton FFB/hr Rp57.603.532,00 22,26% Rp48.717.315,00 5,81 2,21
PKO 400 ton/day Rp44.644.460.000,00 19,03% Rp30.224.217.000,00 6,1 1,68
Fatty Acid 400 ton/day Rp598.886.740,00 20,21% Rp452.498.776,00 6,89 1,73
Fatty Alcohol 300 ton/day Rp1.571.153.236,00 21,94% Rp1.436.256.574,00 6,65 1,92
17
Biodiesel
(Olein
Based)
100.000 ton/year Rp466.120.000,00 21,29% Rp478.132.680,00 5,94 1,93
Biodiesel
(Stearin
Based)
100.000 ton/year Rp466.120.000,00 25,62% Rp657.619.059,00 5,23 2,41
Refinery 180.000 ton/year Rp123.139.148,00 25,19% Rp209.872.437,00 5,66 2,34
Surfaktan
MES50.000 ton/year Rp657.321.525,00 18,79% Rp449.742.803,00 8,5 1,57
Source: Surfactant and Bioenergy Research Center (SBRC), Bogor
Note: Interest rate = 12%
Project lifetime = 15 years
Distribution of the Indonesian Oil
Palm Business in 2008
13 410
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
87 3030
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
128 5645
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
31 1503
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
5 345
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
20 905
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
10 510
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
3 90
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
2 110
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
18
20 1080
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
48 2290
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
12 540
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
4 125
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
1 30
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)1 60
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
24 1290
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
3 110
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
1 40
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
4 140
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
3 90
Mills Capacity
(Ton FFB/hr)
Source: Pusat Data INFOSawit
Distribution of the Malaysian Oil Palm Business
and Ownership in 2009
Private Estates : 60%
Government/State Schemes : 27%
Smallholders : 13%
OWNERSHIP OF PLANTED AREA
19
1.36 mil ha : 29%
120 mills : 29%
11 refineries : 21%
SABAH
0.84 mil ha : 18%
47 mills : 11%
5 refineries : 10%
SARAWAK2.49 mil ha : 53%
248 mills : 60%
35 refineries : 69%
18 oleochemical plants : 100%
PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Indonesia Plantation Area (ha)
3.000.000
4.000.000
5.000.000
6.000.000
7.000.000
8.000.000
20
0
1.000.000
2.000.000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009*
Smallholder Government Plantations Private Sector Total
Palm Oil Production (Ton)
10.000.000
15.000.000
20.000.000
25.000.000
21
0
5.000.000
10.000.000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009*
Smallholder Government Plantations Private Sector Total
Export of Palm Oil to Country of Destination
by Value (000 USS)
3.000.000
4.000.000
5.000.000
6.000.000
7.000.000
22
0
1.000.000
2.000.000
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
2009 2008 2007 2006 2005
INDIA NETHERLANDS MALAYSIA ITALY BANGLADESH CHINA OTHERS TOTAL
Export of Palm Oil to Country of Destination
by Volume (Ton)
6.000.000
8.000.000
10.000.000
12.000.000
23
0
2.000.000
4.000.000
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
CPO OTHER
PO
2009 2008 2007 2006 2005
INDIA NETHERLANDS MALAYSIA ITALY BANGLADESH CHINA OTHERS TOTAL