Poultry Health - Global Issues, Trends and Challenges Karin Schwabenbauer XIIIth European Poutry Conference, Tours FAO-Symposium.

Poultry Health - Global Issues, Trends and Challenges

Karin Schwabenbauer

XIIIth European Poutry Conference, Tours

FAO-Symposium

24-08-2010, Karin Schwabenbauer XIIIth European Poultry Conference, Tours

2 Poultry Health - Global Issues, Trends and Challenges

Outline

1. Notifiable Poultry Diseases

2. Monitoring Poultry Diseases

3. Poultry Diseases and Trade

4. Poultry Production Systems

5. Poultry Health Services

6. The HPAI Crisis

7. Lessons learned



Notifiable Poultry Diseases

• OIE-Code– 14 poultry diseases

• EU (ADNS) – 3 poultry diseases (HPAI, LPAI and

Newcastle disease)

• Germany– 3 poultry diseases (HPAI, LPAI and

Newcastle Disease)



Criteria for Notification

• OIE Code with a decision tree (Art. 1.2.1)– International spread, or– Zoonotic potential, or– Significant spread within a naive

population, or– Emerging disease



Criteria for Notification (2)

• German Animal Health Law– Rapid spread, or– High mortality, or– Important economical impact, or– Zoonotic potential,

and– Diagnostic tools available.



Monitoring of Poultry Diseases

• EU Monitoring for zoonoses–Salmonella typhimurium–Salmonella enteritidis–Campylobacter spp.

Monitoring at farm level, aiming at reducing the risk of food borne diseases.



Disease control and trade – the OIE Code

• Zoning

The OIE-Code had introduced since long the concept of zoning, meaning the geographical separation of livestock population within one country.



Disease control and trade (2)

• Compartimentalisation

A new concept, tailored for integrated production systems, separates livestock population through biosecurity measures within one country.



The Poultry Production Sectors

• Two basic systems exist:– the industrial sector– the small scale production sector.

• Both systems work differently, but both sectors may be inter linked.



Characteristics of the industrial sector

• national/international markets• high inputs (infrastructure and feed)• large units with hybrid breeds for

specialised production (layers or broilers) • poultry health schemes for all participants

in the chain provided by private experts in poultry diseases– biosecurity management– Uniform diagnostic, vaccination and other

prophylactic measures, and therapy.



Characteristics of the small scale sector

• small flocks of mixed species • eggs and meat production• local breeds• low input - poor housing, low or non-existent feed

supplementation and health inputs -• high mortality up to 60-80%• low output, almost for household consumption or local

trade

Veterinary services are frequently provided by non-veterinarians



Poultry Health Services

• Poultry health services are in general provided by private veterinarians or para-veterinarians.

• The public sector‘s role is to protect public goods (public health, food security,serious socio-economic hazards, environmental impacts).



Poultry Health Programmes

Elements of health programmes in the commercial poultry sector are – Biosecurity management (cleaning and

disinfection, clear separation between clean and dirty),

– Prophylactic vaccination against a range of diseases (Marek, IB, ND, Gumboro, ILT, Salmonella, etc.)

– Monitoring of production data.



Poultry Health Programmes (2)

• In addition there should be an emergency plan in place.



The HPAI crisis (H5N1, Asia)

• HPAI H5N1 spread rapidly within poultry in Asia and beyond.

• It is zoonotic.• The classical control tools didn’t help

effectively every where. • It affected the whole poultry industry.• It brought the poultry sector to the

attention of governments and the general public.



Combating HPAI H5N1

• Classical control measures (culling, movement ban, vaccination) had varying success.

• The spread of HPAI H5N1 virus challenged the established health systems.

• The small scale systems need attention from the poultry health services.



Lessons Learned from the HPAI Crisis

• Poultry diseases need attention of veterinary services - regardless the sector.

• Socio-economic impact assessments have to consider all the stakeholders.

• Control measures have to be tailored to the actual situation (there is not “one fits all” approach).

• The public sector should play a leading role in the risk assessment process.

• However the main responsibility for disease control should remain with the private sector.



Lessons learned from the crisis (2)

• National restructuring efforts for the poultry sector should consider the production system as a whole, and

• Small flocks with poor biosecurity measures in place will in any case be part of the poultry producing community.



Tierärztliches Personal

Amtliche Tierärzte

Anzahl der Behörden

Bundesebene 63 1

Land 831 16

Kreis 3.302 416

insgesamt 4.196 433

Aufgaben und Funktionsweise der Veterinärverwaltung

Thank you for your attention!

Poultry Health - Global Issues, Trends and Challenges Karin Schwabenbauer XIIIth European Poutry Conference, Tours FAO-Symposium.

Documents

poultry health global

monitoring poultry diseases

poultry health services

poultry diseases hpai

poultry production systems

poultry production sectors

poultry diseases eu

poultry diseases eu