The 13 th IWA Leading Edge Conference on Water and Wastewater Technologies DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABLE MEMBRANE DESALINATION TECHNOLOGY: REVERSING WATER SCARCITY AND FAST FORWARDING TO THE FUTURE POTENTIAL INNOVATIONS IN CONVENTIONAL DESALINATION SYSTEMS: APPLICATION EXAMPLES MARINA ARNALDOS
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Potential Innovations in Conventional Desalination Systems
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The 13th IWA Leading Edge Conference on Water and Wastewater Technologies
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABLE MEMBRANE DESALINATION TECHNOLOGY: REVERSING WATER SCARCITY AND FAST FORWARDING TO THE FUTURE
POTENTIAL INNOVATIONS IN CONVENTIONAL DESALINATION SYSTEMS: APPLICATION EXAMPLES
MARINA ARNALDOS
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INDEX
Background
Enhancing the Sustainability of Desalination
Improvement of Pretreatment Systems
Enhanced Monitoring and Control of Reverse Osmosis
Implementation of Discharge Treatment and Reuse Systems
Use of Renewable Energies
Conclusions
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BACKGROUND
Fresh water scarcity
Increased water demand- Growing population- Increased living standards- Industrialization
Climate change- Variation in natural systems
Need for a sustainable and economical water treatment technology!
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BACKGROUND
Seawater and brackish water desalination are obvious options to fulfill water needs
Reverse osmosis accounts for the majority of water desalinated worldwide due to its relative energy efficiency
Arnaldos Orts, Marina
together with aquifer storage and recoverreuserainwater harvestingetc
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BACKGROUND
Remaining challenges in RO desalination:- Reduced energy
consumption- Reduced chemical
consumption- Reduced waste
discharge- Reduced water waste
In summary…- Improved economics- Improved sustainability
And let’s not forget non-technical challenges!!
Arnaldos Orts, Marina
Not to forget the non-technical challenges (here you can see a figure...)It is -at least our expectation- that as technical challenges are covered, we will also be able to tranform the public perception of desalination to something more in line with its actual capabilities and benefits
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BACKGROUND
Energy and chemical consumption are intimately linked to the fouling ocurring in the membrane processes of the systems, both pretreatment and RO- Particulate fouling- Colloidal fouling- Scaling- Biofouling- Organic fouling
PERVASIVE AND YET TO BE FULLY ADDRESSED!
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BACKGROUND
NORMAL SEAWATER
ALGAE BLOOM
• Building Blocks
• Low Molecular Weight Acids
• Neutral Substances of Low
Molecular Weight
• Biopolymers
• Humic substances
• Polysaccharides (mainly)
BIOFOULING
ORGANIC FOULING
Different Compounds
Algal EPS
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BACKGROUND
Discharge of waste is caused due to: - Brine production in the RO process- Cleaning wastewaters from both pretreatment and RO
systems
Common disposal options: surface water discharge, deep well injection, evaporation ponds and land application
Economic drive to reduce the volume of waste discharged and disposal costs
Environmental drive to save water and reduce environmental pollution
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ENHANCING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF DESALINATION
Optimizing Current Solutions
Improvement of pretreatment processes for colloidal and dissolved organic matter removal