Potential Hazardous Waste Site Preliminary Assessment ...

MAiaXM PIRNIE

SDMS Document

POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT 107953

Regional Contamination 50

Site Name Site 10 Number Eastern Fairfield Boro Fair-field ,Morri s, NJ

Address City, State

Date of Off-Site Reconnaissance ^^^'^^^'^^ ' ^ " ^

SITE DESCRIPTION

Organic solvents were detected in many eastern Fairfield Boro wells. Caldwell Trucking Co., which is on the NPL, is an active sewage hauling firm located in the regional contamination area. Prior to 1974, the company hauled industrial waste and discharged it into four unlined lagoons. The sludge in the lagoons contains, among other things, trichloroethylene, chloroform, and lead. Appra;;imately 50 private wells and two public wells (#2 and ttl^) have been closed because of contamination from Caldwell Trucking.

PRIORITY FOR FURTHER ACTION: High Medium Low^^None

RECOf^MENDATIONS

NUS Corp.is currently conducting a USEPA-funded groundwater • contamination confirmatory investigation to determine connection between Caldwell Trucking and Fairfield Boro Well No. 7. ^ At this time, a low priority is recommended pending the outcome Q of the investigation at Caldwell Trucking. O

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Prepared by: Tom Fowler Date: Feb rua ry 2 5 , 1985

Q^. Malco lm P i r n i e , I n c . 77

6IVISED MAY 24, 1985

01 SITE NAME A.«(VAaMMM»,<r<Waw«waMW •/«/*./

Regional Contamination 03 CITY

f f a i r f i e l d

10 DIRECTIONS TO SITE rs«rt>»,/,«,««„.,«,»/,. .<,«< Take r o u t e 1-80 t o e x i t 5 2 , r e g i o n a l c o n t a m i n a t i o n a r e a i s w i t h i n one m i l e s o u t h o f P a s s a i c A v e .

01 OWNER (V/»»./>;

( ta l d w e l l T r u c k i n g (USEPA s u s p e c t e d ) 03CITY

[ " a i r f i e l d

&EPA POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE

PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT PART 1-SITE INFORMATION AND ASSESSMENT

I. IDENTIFICATION

WJ |T4Tt g^.SITE NUMBER

II. SITE NAME AND LOCATION

02 STREET, ROUTE NO., OR SPECIFIC LOCATION IDENTIFIER

^ •assa ic Ave. . -SE o f Essex A i r p o r t

09 COORDINATES , T , T U p £

40 52 4 0 . 0 LONGITUDE

74 16 15 .0

04 STATE

NJ 05 ZIP CODE 06 COUNTY

Esse;-; OTCOUNTY QocoNa

CODE DIST.

BLOC*- 302 Lor-'-

III. RESPONSIBLE PARTIES 02 STREET/«i/»Mu,m>///iv,/-fi/tfMOff/V

222 P a s s a i c A v e . 04 STATE

NJ 07 OPERATOR l i t «/w>im a n H i t t t t t n t from owotr)

09 CITY

05 ZIP CODE 06 TELEPHOtC NUMBER

fJO 172263548 06 STREETî9i/wl«f«, mailing, rttiOtitfioO

10 STATE 11 ZIP CODE 12 TELEPHONE NUMBER

) 1J TYPE OF OWNERSHIP IChtet o i f l

} f ] A. PRIVATE D B . FEDERAL

Q f - OTHER

lAf tney nomt i

Q C . STATE Q D . COUNTY Q E . MUNICIPAL

Q G . UNKNOWN

(Suteifyl

14 OWNER/OPERATOR NOTiriCATION ON FILEfCMor •>» Mor applft

Q A . R C R A S O O I DATE RECEIVED-. Q B . UNCONTROLLED WASTE CCfJfCi.J /OJe;.DATE RECEIVED: ft C. NONE

MONTH OAT TEAR MONTH DAT TEAR

IV.CHARACTERIZATION OF POTENTIAL HAZARD

01 ON SITE INSPECTION

• Y E S DATE

XDNO MONTH OAY TEAR

CONTRACTOR NAME (S)

BylClfeitellf/iofopfilyJ • A.EPA ^ B EPA CONTRACTOR Q c . STATE

• E . LOCAL HEALTH OFFICIAL Q F . OTHER

• D OTHER CONTRACTOR

f S c f c i f / l

02 SITE STATUS l O i t c t ou t /

H A . ACTIVE Q B . I N A C T I V E Q C . U N K N O W N

0 1 TEARS OF OPERATION

U n k . P r e s Q UNKNOWN BEGINNING TEAR ENDING TEAR

04 DESCRIPTION OF SUBSTANCES POSSIBLY PRESENT, KNOWN, OR ALLEGED

fcaldwell Trucking has discharged liquid wastes, which include organic solvents, into four unlined lagoons on-site. Contaminated ground water is migrating towards the Passaic River. (Attachment H)

OS DESCRIPTION OF POTENTIAL HAZARD TO ENVIRONMENT ANtyOR POPULATION

Drganic solvents were detected in area wells, including Fairfield iJell No. 7. Highest concentrations are between Caldwell Trucking and Passaic River. (Attachments A,E). V. PRIORITY ASSESSMENT 01 PRIORITY FOR INSPECTION^CA#c* OM.IIhigôrmodumttentclud, com»/»tt ^rti-woômformoHopoitdPortS-OoaeriptionotMojorOota Conditiau cnatncidanit)

QA.HIGH Q B . MEDIUM g]c.LOw QDNONE (Inaptcrtoo rtqutraa fiivmoflf t llntptetiofi roqutroiti (mtpoehononftmtovaHaUtbaattl (Molurfi%aroctiannttd*d.cainpHf9currtnfatiOopfiotilormJ

VI. INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM

01 CONTACT

- r e d S c h m i t t 0 4 PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOfJ ASSESSMEWT

Tom F o w l e r EPA FORM 2070-12I7-8II

02 o r (AgancyAligaKitation)

NJDEP/BEERA 05 AGENCY 0€ ORGANIZATION

M . P i r n i e I n c

0 3 TELEPHONE NUMBER

{609 i -2921215 07 TELEPHONE NUMBER

0201-^8450400 08 DATE

2 / 2 5 / 8 5 MONTH OAT TEAS

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POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITF ^ ^ P I P A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT ^ ^ * — * ' * PART 2-WASTE INFORMATION

1. IDENTIFICATION | 01 STATE

NJ 02 SITE NUMBER

50 1

II. WASTE STATES,QUANTITIES, AND CHARACTERISTICS 01 PHYSICAL STATES (-owe-* 0//mo/<7«)/r/'

• A . SOLID D E . SLURRY

Q B . POWOER.FINES [ ^ F . LIQUID

DC. SLUDGE D G . GAS

Do. OTHER ISptcifrJ

02 WASTE 0UANTI1 fMoaturot otwoti mutt bo indapoo&

TONS

CUBIC YARDS

NO OF DRUMS

rY AT SITE t Quantitioa tot)

03 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS IChoct oil thot oepi,)

[ ^ A T O X I C . 133 E. SOLUBLE [ j j 1. HIGHLY VOLATILE

Q B . CORROSIVE Q P - INFECTIOUS Qj .EXPLOSIVE

Q c RADIOACTIVE Q G ; FLAMMABLE Q t C REACTIVE

D o . PERSISTENT Q H . IGNITABLE QL.INCOMPATIBLE

Q M . N C T APPLICABLE

III.WASTE TYPE CATEGORY

SLU

O L *

SOL

PSD

OCC

IOC

ACQ

BAS

MES

SUBSTANCE NAME

SLUDGE

OILY WASTE

SOLVENTS

PESTICIDES

OTHER ORGANIC CHEMICALS

INORGANIC CHEMICALS

ACIDS

BASES

HEAVY METALS

01 GROSS AMOUNT

u n k n o w n

02 UNIT OF MEASURE 0 3 COMMENTS

IV. H A Z A R D O U S S U B S T A N C E S fSm Apponai. tor mo,lfr,o,M<tl, emu C A S Numoor,)

01 CATEGORY

QHI

fSOL c ;n i QHI MP??

02 SUBSTANCE NAME

T o f r-j^f-hl nr-nF>-*-hyl p>np> 1 , 1 , 1 T r i c h l o r o e t h a r Tr - i r h l o r n p f h y l e n e n n r n f n r m 1 p a r i

( A t t a c h m e n t s A , H )

03 CAS NUMBER

t 7 7 - l R - 4 e 7 1 - 5 5 - 6

7 9 - 0 1 - 6 6 7 6 6 - 9 9 - 1 7 4 ? ; 9 - 9 9 - 1

04 STORAGE/DISPOSAL METHOD

G r a v e l p i t G r a v e l o i t G r a v e l p i t G r a v e l p i t G r a v e l p i t

0 5 CONCENTRATION

> 1 0 0 0

> 1 0 0 0

> 1 0 0 0

> 1 0 0 0 U n k n o w n

06 MEASURE OF CONCENTRATION

p p b

p p b D D b

D D b

V. FEEDSTOCKS « « Appomit tor CAS tnimptn) \ CATEGORY

FOS

FDS

FOS

FDS

01 FEEDSTOCK NAME 0 2 CAS NUMBER CATEGORY

FDS

FOS

FOS

FOS

01 FEEDSTOCK NAME 02 CAS NUMBER

V I . S O U R C E S OF INFORMATION rows(>«:// ' /cr»<»^»«j,,^ , t o n tUtt.tamploOK0ljti%,rtperttl

NJDEP F i l e s : ( A t t a c h m e n t A , H ) .

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EPA FORM 2070-l2(7-«1)

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POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE * V E P A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT ^ ' ^ ' ~ ' * * PARTS-DESCRIPTION OF HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND INCIDENTS

1. IDENTIFICATION |

°^^T OÎ IE NUMBER

1 11. HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND INCIDENTS 1

01 Q A GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION

03 POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED:

02 a OBSERVED (DATE: N u m e r o u s ) D P O T E N T I A L D ALLEGED

04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION

H i g h c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f o r g a n i c s o l v e n t s a r e d e t e c t e d i n w e l l s f r o m C a l d w e l l T r u c k i n g a r e a t o P a s s a i c R i v e r . ( A t t a c h m e n t A - H ) .

01 3 B. SURFACE WATER CONTAMINATION

03 POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED;

02 n OBSERVED (DATE: ) S POTENTIAL • ALLEGED |


The p o t e n t i a l e x i s t s f o r g r o u n d w a t e r c o n t a m i n a t i o n t o e n t e r t h e P a s s a i c R i v e r and D e e p a v a a l B r o o k . ( A t t a c h m e n t s A , C , H )

01 D C. CONTAMINATION OF AIR


•

01 D D. FIRE/EXPLOSIVE CONDITIONS


01 D E - DIRECT CONTACT


01 [ 3 F. CONTAMINATION OF SOIL

03 AREA POTENTIALLY AFFECTED;

A p o t e n t i a l e x i s t s i r ' & ^ "

02 DOBSERVEO (DATE: ) CPOTENTIAL H A L L E G E D


02 DOBSERVEO(OATE: ) DPOTENTIAL DALLEGED

0 4 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION

02 DOBSERVED (DATE: ) DPOTENTIAL Q A L L E G E D |


02 DOBSERVED (DATE: ) B I P O T E N T I A L D A L L E G E D


[ M i g r a t i o n o f c o n t a m i n a n t s i n u n l i n e d l a g o o n s .

01 C8G. DRINKING WATER CONTAMINATION 02 GIOBSERVED (DATE; 1 / 8 3 ) D P O T E N T I A L D A L L E G E O

03 POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED; 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION

F a i r f i e l d w e l l No . 7 shows TCE c o n c e n t r a t i o n s i n e x c e s s o f 100 ppb ( A t t a c h m e n t A ) .

01 D H WORKER EXPOSURE/INJURY

03 WORKERS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED:

01 D l . POPULATION EXPOSURE/INJURY


02 nOBSERVED (DATE; ) QPOTENTIAL Q A L L E G E O


02 DOBSERVED (DATE; ) Q P O T E N T I A L D A L L E G E O

04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION i o

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EPA FORM 2070-12 (7-81)

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POTENTIAL HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE ^ y C p / V PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT ^ ^ ^ ' ^ * PARTS-DESCRIPTION OF HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND INCIDENTS

1. IDENTIFICATION | 01 STATE

NJ 02 SITE NUMBER

50

II. HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS AND INCIDENTS iuot,„..oi \ 01 D J. DAMAGE TO FLORA 02 Q OBSERVED (DATE: ) Q POTENTIAL


01 Q K . DAMAGE TO FAUNA 02 QOBSERVED (DATE; ) Q P

04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION///>ril/i>r>i<>n>r'>;i>/<wc/M;

01 DL.CONTAMINATION OF FOOD CHAIN 02 •OBSERVE 0 (DATE: ) Q P


01 Q M . UNSTABLE CONTAINMENT OF WASTES 0 2 [SOBSERVED (DATE: 1 2 / 8 2 ' D P

03POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: 04 NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION

S l u d g e i n u n l i n e d l a g o o n s on t h e s i t e c o n t a i n s t r i c h l o r c c h l o r o f o r m , and l e a d .

01 Q N . DAMAGE TO OFFSITE PROPERTY 0 2 DOBSERVED (DATE; ) D P


USEPA h a s f u n d e d a c o n f i r m a t o r y i n v e s t i g a t i o n o f Ca ldwe ] e f f e c t s on F a i r f i e l d B o r o ' s w e l l No . 7 w h i c h i s c o n t a m i r v o l a t i l e o r q a n i c s . ( A t t a c h m e n t F)

OTENTIAL

OTENTIAL

• ALLEGED

• ALLEGED

•ALLEGED

OTENTIAL • A L L E G E D

) e t h y l e n e .

OTENTIAL

1 T r l a t e d

01 Do.CONTAMINATION OF SEWERS, STORM DRAINS, WWTPt 02 DoBSERVED (DATE: ) QpOTENTIAL

04NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION

01 Q P I L L E G A L A I N A U T H O R I Z E O DUMPING 0 2 • O B S E R V E D (DATE; ) • P


OTENTIAL

HALLEGED

u c k i n g ' s w i t h

•ALLEGED

•ALLEGED

0 5 DESCRIPTION OF ANY OTHER KNOWN, POTENTIAL, OR ALLEGED HAZARDS

III.TOTAL POPULATION POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: IV. COMMENTS

The a r e a s s o u t h and w e s t o f t h e t h i s c o n t a m i n a t e d z o n e a r e e i n d u s t r i a l i z e d ; h o w e v e r , t h e s e i n d u i s t r i e s a p p e a r t o m a i n t a i n h o u s e k e e p i n g p r a c t i c e s .

x t e n s i v e l y g o o d

V . S O U R C E S OF \ H ^ O R ^ S X \ O H l C i t , , p , c m t r , l „ , n c ; , , t t l o t , f i l » . t o m p i , e n o l , t i , , , , p o r l , >

N J D E P / D W R : A t t a c h m e n t s A t h r o u g h D M a l c o l m P i r n i e , I n c : A t t a c h m e n t s E t h r o u g h G N P L : A t t a c h m e n t H

EPA FORM 2070-17(7-e i )

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FIGURE G

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.M; - NORTH

•L^

m ' FROM BASE MAP FIGURE A

BY S. SPAYD, NJDEP JANUARY, 1983

TETRACHLOROETHYLENE

• A

ND 1 - 50 ppb 51 - 100 ppb

• 101 - 1,000 ppb -¥• > 1,000 ppb

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^ ^ S Area:f>f .Higha§ti^nc£; i t rat ion .

FIGURE B

NORTH

(5)

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FROM BASE MAP FIGURE A


TOTAL VOLATILE GRGANICS

• <• 50 ppb • 1,001 - 10,000 ppb 50 - 100 ppb ^ > 10,000 ppb 101 - 1,000 ppb

^ Area of Highest Concentration

fl'l

FIGURE E

NORTH

•c

• C .

FROM BASE MAP F IGURE A

BY S. SPAYD, NJDEP J A N U A R Y , 1983

CHLOROFORM

• ND ^ 101 _ 1,000 ppb • 1 - 50 ppb - ^ > 1,000 ppb ^ 51-100 ppb

C T O ^^^^ °^ Highest Concentration

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FIGURE D

NORTH

(3)

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FROM BASE MAP F IGURE A

BY S. SPAYD, NJDEP J A N U A R Y , 1983

1,1,1 TRICHLOROETHANE

• ND 4 101-1,000 ppb • 1 - 50 ppb ^ > 1,000 ppb ^ 51-100 ppb

^ ^ Area of Highest Concentration

o o

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FIGURE C

NORTH

®

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FROM BASE MAP FIGURE A


TRICHLOROETHYLENE

• ND • 1 - 5 0 ppb ^ 5 1 - 1 0 0 ppb

• 101 - 1,000 ppb -¥- > 1,000 ppb

O

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Area of Highest Concentration

4 - ^

9P ^ ^ FI

GENERAL AREA OF GROUND WATER C0NTA. fINATI0N

BOROUGH OF FAIRFIELD, ESSEX COUtiTY

FROM USGS TOPO QUADS CALDWELL 1970 POIIPTON PLAINS 1970

1" S:. 2000 feet

firmcMMet^T B b-l

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TOWNSHIP OF FAIRFIELD NEW JERSEY

ENGINEERING REPORT

CONTROL OF VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS J IN GROUND WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM I WELL NO. 7

JANUARY 1983

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MALCOLM PIRNIE, INC. o 100 Eisenhower Drive - 3 Paramus, New Jersey "

07652

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INTRODUCTION

Background

The Township of Fairfield, New Jersey owns and operates

a water supply and distribution system which serves a major

portion of the Township's population and industry. A portion

of the Township population obtains potable water from privately-

owned, individual wells. Also, the Township maintains an

interconnection with the Passaic Valley Water Commission

(PVWC), which supplies water to the Township during peak

ip demand periods and emergency situations. •

Currently, the Township's water supply system consists

of seven wells (Nos. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9), which are

located as shown on Figure 1. The existing wells have a

total production capacity of about 2.5 million gallon per

day (mgd). Of the seven wells, Well No. 7 (Green Brook

Well) is the largest producer with a. capacity of about

0.6 mgd or 400 gallons per minute (gpm). The amount of

J water obtained from the PVWC interconnection ranges from

i 0.008 to 1.1 mgd.

Historically, the quality of the Township's ground

1 water supply has been good, meeting federal and state drink

ing water standards. Only disinfecton has been required

5 prior to pumping the water into the distribution system. In

1980, relatively high levels [greater than 100 micrograms

1 per liter (uq/l)l of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs),

*»- (trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloro-

ethane) were detected in Well No. 7. In addition, several ^

other VOCs were also detected but at lower levels. Also, o

relatively high levels of VOCs were detected in Well No. 2 o

I (the Municipal Well). 2

Reports that these chemicals, even in low concentrations, ^

are potentially harmful to human health have caused a growing S

concern over their presence in water supplies throughout the

MALDCHAl PIRNIE 1-1

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I F I G U R E

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f MALCXDIM

PIRNIE

TOWNSHIP OF F A I R F I E L D . HEW JERSEY

CONTROL OF VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IN GROUNO WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

LOCATION OF WELLS c. s

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country. Currently, the U. S. Environmental Protection II Agency (EPA) is considering setting maximum contaminant

levels (MCLs) for VOCs in drinking water. On March 5, 1982, the EPA issued an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking concerning VOCs in order to initiate dialogue on potential regulations and to obtain additional information regarding the important aspects of the problem. Based on presently understood schedules, regulations will probably not be

^ proposed until at least 1983. In the absence of federal regulations, the New Jersey

ip State Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) is utilizing a maximum level of 100 ug/1 as a guideline for total VOCs in the state's drinking waters. If total VOC -levels in a water supply exceed this concentration, NJDEP will determine whether the water supply should be taken out of service considering its size and importance in relation

| a ^ to the remainder of a municipality's water supply. ^ ^ In accordance with the above guidelines, on June 8, .

1981, the NJDEP ordered the Township to remove Well No. 7 I from service until such time as treatment of the water was

provided or the well could be shown to be relatively free , from contamination. Well No. 7 has been out of service

since that time. Well No. 2 also has been taken out of service because of high VOC levels. The other wells (which

' have exhibited trace levels of VOCs) and the PVWC interconnection currently are meeting the Township's potable water

^ demands. Q

I Purpose and Scope § As a result of the Township wells being removed from ^

, service because of high VOCs, the Township retained Malcolm g Pirnie to evaluate alternative treatment techniques for ^ controlling VOCs in Well No. 7. The purpose -of this study

• L •I M A K O M

PIRNIE 1-2

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2. EXISTING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

I • As part of this study, available data on Well No. 7

I were obtained and reviewed. In addition, a site inspection

of the well was made by Malcolm Pirnie personnel, and discus

sions were held with key personnel of the Township's engineer

ing and water departments. Data concerning the capacity and

existing facilities at the well were reviewed to provide a

4 baseline for preliminary sizing of ground water treatment

facilities and for determining treatment equipment requirements.

i Existing water quality data from the well were reviewed to

provide a basis for determining appropriate treatment processes

and removal efficiencies. Existing facilities and water

quality data, as they pertain to treatment facilities, are

described in the following sections of this chapter.

Well and Well Pump Data

Well No. 7 is located on Passaic Avenue between Green-

brook Road and Beverly Road as shown on Figure 1. Well

No. 7 was constructed in 1957. From that time until 1970,

the well was used for irrigation at the Green Brook Country

Club. In 1970, modifications were made, including the

addition of chlorination equipment, and the well was connected

to the Township water supply system. Water from Well No. 7

is disinfected with gaseous chlorine and then pumped directly

into a 14-inch diameter water main along Passaic Avenue.

Pertinent data on Well No. 7 are listed below:

Well No. 7 o

Design Capacity: 400 gpm at 375 feet .o total dynamic head

Depth: 300 feet § Well Pump: Vertical Turbine *-• Pump Motor: 50 hp

o o

The monthly operating reports for Well No. 7 were obtained ^ and reviewed to determine an appropriate design flowrate for

treatment facilities.

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A summary of the operating data for 1980 and 1981, until the well was removed from service, is provided in Table 1. Data concerning well usage (hours of operation) were reviewed for purposes of determining operating costs for treatment facilities. In general, Well No. 7 has been operated less than 24 hours per day, and operating time is based on system demand. As shown in Table 1, the well has been operated from as low as 7 hours per day during the winter months to as high as 16 hours per day during peak summer months. On the average, the well has been operated about 11 hours per day.

The flowrate from Well No. 7 has been relatively constant over the past several years of operation, with an average-flowrate ranging from 284 gpm to 421 gpm. In general, the flowrate has been about 400 gpm, which is the reported design flowrate for the well. Based on the historical pumping data, a maximum flowrate of 425 gpm has been selected for purposes of designing a VOC treatment facility. For purposes of estimating annual operating costs, it has been assumed that the well would be operated for an average of 11 hours per day.

Organic Chemical Levels Existing data relating to the types and levels of VOCs

which have been detected in Well No. 7 were reviewed and summarized to establish design criteria regarding influent levels for treatment facilities. Also, existing and potential VOC regulations were reviewed to determine required removal efficiencies. o

Historical Data - VOCs were first detected in Well < No. 7 in October 1980. Subsequently, the Township has o

— o conducted a sampling and analysis program to monitor VOC >-' concentrations in the well. A summary of the VOC data for o — Q

Well No. 7 is presented in Table 2. As shown in the table, to • — ^ — — ^ - _ ^ _ ^ . ^ _ ^ 1 ^

MAUDOIM PIRNIE 2-2 r-c

TABLE 1

SUMMARY OF OPERATING DATA FOR WELL NO. 7

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Month

1980

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June, . July^^^ Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Totals

1981

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May ,2) June ''

Hours of

Total

231.25 229.25 297.25 353.25 398.25 480.50

-491.50 459.25 172.25 26.25 180.00

3,319.00

304.75 294.50 249.25 201.75 189.00 60.25

Operation Average Daily

11.25 9.50 10.50 12.50 12.75 16.00

-15.75 15.25 7.50 6.50 7.25

10.75 10.50 8.25 7.00 6.25 10.00

Volume Pumped (1,000 gallons)

Average Total Daily

7,786 268 5,321 222 6,975 249 8,353 298 9,359 302 11,422 361 13,898 448 10,872 351 7,810 260 3,782 164 600 150

4,579 183

90,757

7,337 262 7,212 258 6,040 201 4,810 160 4,714 157 1,506 251

Average Flowrate (qpm)

397 390 395 397 395 376 -_

371 284 364 385 421

406 410 406 381 419 418

Totals 1,299.50 31,619

Notes:

1. Hours of operation not available for July 1980. 2. The pump was taken out of service on June 8, 1981.

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TABLE 2

.

Trichloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

VOC LEVELS IN WELL NO. 7 (all units in micrograms/liter)

Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene

1,2-Dichloroethane

Chloroform

1,1-Dichloroethylene

1,1-Dichloroethane

Carbon Tetrachloride

Total

Range

26

<2

17

<1

<1

2

3

2

6

to

to

to

to

to

to

to

to

to

395

172

291

51

48

19

17

13

10

Average

157

72

128

17

7

10

8

7

8

414

Number of^^^ Samples

16

16

16

15

2

11

10

9

2

Note:

1. Number of samples in which compound was detected.

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the total VOC concentration exceeds the NJDEP recommended

maximum level of 100 ug/1 for total VOCs. Based on the

results of the sampling program and the NJDEP guidelines,

the Township has taken Well No. 7 out of service.

Of the VOCs detected in Well No. 7, trichloroethylene

has been found at the highest level (395 ug/1), followed by

1.1.1-trichloroethane (291 ug/1)-, and tetrachloroethylene

(172 ug/1), respectively. The highest levels of the other

VOCs generally have been less than 50 ug/1. For each of the

VOCs, the highest level detected generally is greater than

two times the average level. VOC levels in Well No. 7 have

varied considerably. However, over the past year, it appears

that influent levels may be increasing.

VOC Regulations - As indicated in the first chapter of

this report, VOCs are not currently included in federal

drinking water regulations. In the absence of federal

regulations, NJDEP has developed a guideline of 100 ug/1 for

total VOCs. In addition, any VOC control method applied to

affected water supplies should be designed to reduce the

total VOC concentration to as low a level as possible.

Therefore, in order to meet current state guidelines, it is

necessary to design treatment facilities to achieve total

effluent VOC concentrations much less than 100 ug/1. The

NJDEP has indicated that chloroform would not be included in

the total VOC calculation because of the existing regulation

setting a maximum contaminant level of 100 ug/1 for total

trihalomethanes.

Although federal VOC regulations currently are not

available, USEPA is considering setting maximum contaminant

levels (MCLs) for several VOCs. The range of potential MCLs Q

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being considered by USEPA for several VOCs detected in Well No. 7 is listed below:

Potential MCLs (ug/1)

Trichloroethylene 5 to 500 Tetrachloroethylene 5 to 500 Carbon Tetrachloride 5 to 500 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 1,000 1,2-Dichloroethane 1 to 100

The range of concentrations is based on various cancer risk levels, with the low end of the range estimated to result in a lower cancer risk to the population than the high end of the range. The level for 1,1,1-trichloroethane is much higher than the level for the other VOCs because 1,1,1-tri-

* chloroethane has not been found to exhibit carcinogenic affects in humans.

J In March 1982, USEPA issued an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) concerning VOCs in drinking water and solicited comments regarding the ANPRM. Based on comments received from the water supply industry and from academic groups, setting an MCL below 10 ug/1 would be inconsistent with current analytical capabilities; i.e., the reliability and reproducability of analytical results below 10 ug/1 is questionable. Therefore, it appears that MCLs of no less than 10 ug/1 for each VOC may be ultimately proposed.

According to current USEPA schedules, a proposed regulation for VOCs may not be established until sometime in 1983, and a final regulation may not be promulgated until at least 1984. However, based on comments received on the ANRPM, it appears that most water supply people feel that MCLs are Q needed, and it is anticipated that MCLs will be issued within the next few years.

In order to meet the current NJDEP guidelines for VOCs "" and to be consistent with potential future regulations, an g effluent concentration of no greater than 10 ug/1 for a »

{ single VOC (including chloroform) has been selected for the

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puirpose of designing VOC treatment facilities for Well

No. 7. On this basis, the current state guideline of less

than 100 ug/1 for total VOCs will be met. It is anticipated

that the design of treatment facilities to reduce one VOC to

10.ug/1 will result in effluent levels below 10 ug/1 for the

other VOCs, as discussed in more detail in a subsequent

chapter of this report.

Design Criteria for Treatment - The required removal

efficiencies for VOC treatment facilities were determined

from the historical data and the potential MCLs presented in

the previous section of this chapter. The design criteria

for influent VOC concentrations were established based on

the maximum historical VOC concentrations detected in the

well and on a review of VOC levels detected in private wells

located northeast of Well No. 7.

Both the Township and the NJDEP have conducted surveys

of private residential wells located in the Pier Lane section

of the Township, about one mile northeast of Well No. 7. In

some of these wells, the concentration of VOCs, such as

trichloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, have been

greater than 1,000 ug/1. Also, the other VOCs found in Well

No. 7 have been found in some of the private wells at concen

trations of several hundreds of micrograms per liter. The

suspected source of the VOCs is an industrial area located

approximately midway between Well No. 7 and the affected

private wells. Hydrogeological reports of the area indicate

that the ground water is moving in a southwest-to-northeast

direction, or from Well No. 7 toward the Passaic River. n

In the future, VOC levels in Well No. 7 may rise because ^ of the suspected source which has affected the private wells o

to the northeast. However, VOC levels are not expected to o

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AAAUDOyVL PIRNIE MALCOLM PIRNIE. INC.

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS & PLANNERS

June 21, 1984

Charles G. Burns, P.E. Township Administrator Township of Fairfield 230 Fairfield Road Fairfield, New Jersey 07006

Re: Draft Report Pumping Test on Well No. 7 Township of Fairfield, New Jersey

Gentlemen:

Enclosed please find three copies of the referenced draft report. The results of a six-day pumping test conducted between April 24 and 30, 1984, are inconclusive in that a reliably measured hydraulic interconnection between Well No. 7 a n d C a l d w ^ n T m r k - i n g rif f -p v7P>n wag n n t ar-hiPVpH, The most probable explanation is that the duration of pumping was too short to develop a reliably measurable drawdown in the Caldwell deep well, located about 3,300 feet away and because the test was complicated by heavy rain on April 4 to 6, 1984.

We recommend that the test be repeated and a two to four-week long pumpina test be performed. If such a test is not feasible at this time, we recommend that Well No. 7 not, hP returned to service as a water supply well.

It was a pleasure to serve the Township of Fairfield on this project. If you have any questions, please call.

Very truly yours, o O

' ^ ^ S ^ l ~ /kxiii c

J - / \ j \ - ^ W ^ \\ • ; • -

.John C. Henningson \\ Joseph Minster , CPGS (Vice P r e s i d e n t M Senior Hydrogeologist

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TTR:dc Enclosure

^jL 258-oa.iEoo nHAbllli/Jiiiy ^ _

\ I 100 EISENHOWER OR. P.O. BOX 36 PARAMUS. NJ 07652 201-845.0400 TELEX 137364

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The Marvel well is much deeper (310 feet) than the Caldwell deep well (134 feet), which can explain why the static water level in the Marvel well was higher than in the Caldwell deep well by an average of a couple of feet; and the daily fluctuations in the Marvel well mask any possible trends in the water level drawdown (due to pumping in Well No. 7).

The water level in the Caldwell shallow well closely approximates the level in the adjacent Caldwell deep well. This could be explained by the fact that the shallow well is partially screened in the bedrock.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The analysis of the pumping test data results in the

following conclusions:

L. A six-day duration of pumping may have been too short to develop a reliably measurable drawdown in the Caldwell deep well. Other potential factors, that may have contributed to the uncertainty of the test results, were: the relatively great distance (3,300 feet) to the Caldwell well and the amplitude of the natural ground water fluctuations due to heavy rain on April 4 to 6, 1984. Other rain events might have affected the water levels as well.

I . The hydraulic interconnection between the two wells remains questionable.

}. Monitoring of the Marvel well did not provide any useful data due to regular pumpage of that well.

:oi

f

] Based on all < ata collected during this pumping test,

we recommend that the test be repeated and a pumping test of

significantly longer duration (probably from 2 to 4 weeks)

be performed. Preferably, the test should be performed

during the summer's dry period, which would help to avoid n

the negative impacts of heavy rains. The actual duration of

this pumping test will have to be determined in the field by

monitoring the progress of the test..

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If such a test is not feasible at this time, we recom-

J mend that Well No. 7 not be returned to service as a water

supply well because of the existing possibility that the

-j pumping of Well No. 7 might lead to a contaminant migration

• from the Caldwell Trucking site toward the water supply

wells located between Well No. 7 and Caldwell Trucking site.

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MAIIDIM PIRNIE - 7 -

6-3

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SCALE: I = 24,000'

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LEGEND

M O N I T O R I N G / PRODUCTION WELL LOCATION

From: NJDEP Records, U.S.G.S.

Caldwell (1970) and Pomptor. Plains (1970) Quadrangles

TOWNSHIP OF FAIRFIELD. NEW JERESY PUMPING TEST ON WELL NO. 7

SITE LOCATION MAP JUNE 1984 6 " /

National Priorities List Site

• [ Hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environnnental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund"

CALDWELL TRUCKIiSIG CO. Fairfield, New Jersey

Conditions at listing (December 1982); Caldwell Tucking Co. is an active sewage hauling firm occupying 9 acres in Fairfield, Essex County, New Jersey. For several years up to 1974, the cwners hauled industrial waste and discharged it into four unlined lagoons. The sludge in the lagcx>ns contains, among other tJiings, trichloroethylene, chloroform, and lead. About 50 private wells have been closed because of contamination from this site, and another 50 to 100 are threatened. Two public wells have been closed.

The plume of contaminated ground water is moving toward t±ie Passaic River. The point where the plume is predicted to enter the river is about 2 miles upstream of a drinking water intake in the river. In September 1982, t.he State required Caldwell Trucking to install monitoring wells and to decontaminate the site, including removing contaminated soil and sludge from the lagoons.

Status (July 1983): Conditions at the site are currently being addressed through a State enforcement action against parties responsible for wastes at the site. —

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4 U.S. Environmental Protflction Agency/Remedial Response Program

Page 1 of 4

• C MALCXXJVl PIRNIE

OFF - SITE RECONNAISSANCE

Date: nf^^ ^ , / f ^

Site ID No. 60 Time In • O ^ - ^ Out

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Site Name

Locat

Address

ion: - J z M - / ' k & / ^ [ ê^<^^^î^J

City, County

Personnel:

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Zip:

Title / > / • :

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7 Any evidence of imminent hazard? / t^ ^

Uncapped Monitoring Wells? M 0 /

Signature: _

Witness: ^fJ^ny^^j^tUiaf^'

Temperature: 3^'

^ l legal Dumping? M ^ ^ ' y ^

If Yes, Notify NJDEP

Date:

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MALDOyVl PIRNIE FIELD NOTES

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Date:

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MAlJDOyVI PIRNIE PHOTO LOG

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Page 3 of

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* Indicate on sketch or map if possible

Signature: ^ ; ^ > C ^ ^ > v ^ - ^ Date: / ^ ^ ; ^ j ^ ^ ^ ^

W i t n j ss: ^ a ^ i , ^ ^ a ^ J i y C . Date: / ^ ^ . . A T ^ ^ V ^

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MAPS AND SKETCHES Page 4 of 4

S i t e : pt9rf f f^'£i./>

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Signature

Witness: Date: ' ^ . ' ^< 'X^^

MMWiM PIRNIE SITE NAME:

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FILE SEARCH DATE »• *^ (Jf <r <f r V n ^ V I

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CODES:

y / REVIEWED AND COPIED

X REVIEWED BUT NOT COPIED

NF NOT FOUND

NA NOT APPROPRIATE

SECOND SEARCH

DATE

REMARKS OA CHECK

File review information was requested from the following sources: NJDEP/DWR: Central; Groundwater;

Regional Enforcement NJDEP/DWM: HSMA, Central; Enforcement NJDEP/OSR: Industrial Surveys USEPA: Federal Plaza, Edison

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