Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.2013 1 Potential Building‐Integrated Photovoltaics Potentialités des systèmes photovoltaïques intégrés au bâtiment Dr. Ingrid Lützkendorf IAB Weimar gGmbH 10.04.2013 Conference „The role of photovoltaics in the buildings of tomorrow – German‐French perspectives”, Paris, Environment Ministry
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Potential Building Integrated Photovoltaics Potentialités ... · Challenges −energy / business / technology / aesthetics −active solar building envelopes BIPV −appropriate
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Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.20131
Potential Building‐Integrated Photovoltaics
Potentialités des systèmes photovoltaïques intégrés au bâtiment
Dr. Ingrid LützkendorfIAB Weimar gGmbH
10.04.2013 Conference„The role of photovoltaics in the buildings of tomorrow – German‐French perspectives”, Paris, Environment Ministry
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.20132
Construction and photovoltaic industries together for the energy revolution: Multifunctional, building‐integrated photovoltaics. www.bv‐bausysteme.de/index.php/photovoltaik
FachgruppeBauwerkintegrierte Photovoltaik
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.20133
Construction Materials Technical Systems Sustainable Building
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201311
PV Market in Transition
Central role of solar energy in construction
without BIPV,no Energy‐Plus buildings possible
Taller buildings (ie. with proportionally less roof surface) can only meet the new criteria if they integrate photovoltaic andsolar thermal systems into the building façade.
Challenge for building integrationenergy saving + energy generatingbuilding components for the façade and roof
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201314
BIPV Market Offerings
New buildingsBIPV in renovations− ventilated curtain façades− roof refurbishment− construction of additional stories− balcony railings − shutters− awnings
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201315
PV Market in Transition
BIPV‐Potential: [BVBS/FG BIPV]− approx. 3,000 km² external building surface area – façades and roofs
− approx. 300 GW PV capacity− approx. 900 Billion € potential sales volume, 1/3 of which is building industry‐related
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201316
Lack of information, false information, preconceptions, lack of building code certification uncertainty for manufacturers, investors, planners and regulators
Communication deficit (collaboration / readiness to compromise)
Overestimated costs, high capital costs, greater planning effort required
Lack of technical specifications and datasheets
Lack of standardized test procedures for PV building components
Obstacles to BIPV Application (1)
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201317
PV Systems ostensibly regulated under electrical safety and performance Building code requirements not covered
Lack of accreditation for PV building elements− at present, no PV façade element (D) has obtained an abZ
(‘national techical approval‘)
− permits for construction have complex requirements,and involve greater effort and cost
− alternative ZIE ‘approval on a case‐by‐case basis‘
Cost caps for residential building grants
No authoritative framework (Politics, EEG, …)Property managers/developers need to be able to make projections – BIPV requires exact timing
Obstacles to BIPV Application (2)
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201318
Feature Roof Integration Façade Integration
Level of standardisation high gering
Energy yield 80 % ‐ 100% ≤ 70 %
Planungsaufwand moderate high
PV‐Module Type standard special
Design sophistication high very high
Building Code (in Germany) Regulated [BRL B, part 2] : systems up to 2m2
Goal: “energy generating” building envelope components
Attractive design, or cheap power generation?
BIPV needs mass‐produced building envelope componentsPrefabricated house manufacturers (Japan):Economies of scale serial fitting of houses with PV systems,heat pumps, ventilation systems, and thermal‐bridge free insulation
BIPV needs “Harmony” /attractive architecture
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201320
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201322
Architectural integration of BIPV – entirely possible
Active solar building components as a synthesis of technology and aesthetics enable:− new forms of architectural expression− new user comfort− sustainability
BIPV = a challenge for creative architects
Design Integration
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201323
PV Technologies / Materials
Crystalline Silicon Thin Film ‐ glass‐film‐module aSi/μcSi/ CdTe/CIS/CIGS ‐ glass‐glas‐module on glass, metal or plastic
Active solar building envelopes make a contribution to:− cost recovery− reducing building operating costs
As a part of the system technology – positive influence on the overall energy efficiency of a building (reduction in the primary energy needs); enables the ‘Plus’ in a “Plus‐Energy House”
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201334
Tasks BIPV
Improve knowledge and acceptance of BIPV by − Customers – easing technology anxiety − Planners – Multipliers
Architects and solar power engineers need more knowledge about the effectiveness and cost implications of their design decisions
Utilization and kommunication of the multifunctionalityof BIPV
Compelling design
Early interdisciplinary, cross‐trade collaboration
Clarification of interfaces between all trades
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201335
From time and cost intensive case‐by‐case solutions to standardized BIPV building components
System integration instead of component addition
Use of existing installation methods + distribution channels
Complete system packages„BIPV+“ hassle‐free packages for installers
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201338
Architects and planners win multiplier
− Conference talks, architect workshops, signal project
− Architecture competitions
− BIPV integrated into project proposals/bids mandatory engagement of the participants with BIPV
Marketing Tasks for BIPV
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201339
BIPV – Conclusion (1)
Energy Revolution?! Meeting climate change and energy security goals through the energy‐optimization of buildings
BIPV ‐multifunctional, active solar building envelopes
Sustainable solar architecture+ energy generating building envelopes+ constructive solutions+ compelling design
BIPV‐Potential existsDesign
Funktion
Construction
BIPV
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201340
BIPV ‐ Potential
SOLTECTURE
Centrosolar
SOLARWATT SOLARWATT
Masdar PVSun Technics
iRoofalwitra
SCHOTT
AIG Gotha GmbH
alwitra
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201341
BIPV – Conclusion (2)
Opportunity− BIPV Sustainable buildingThe focus is not primarily on the generation of electricity, but on the multifunctional building element to envelopes
− New market potential for the building and PV industries
Challenges− energy / business / technology / aesthetics− active solar building envelopes BIPV− appropriate multifunctional products for various building applications, shapes, functions and construction methods
Building + Photovoltaic + R&D sectorsworking together to enable an energy revolution ‐ and BIPV
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201342
Potenziale bauwerkintegrierter Photovoltaik, Dr. I. Lützkendorf – IAB Weimar gGmbH, 10.04.201344
Raising more awareness of BIPV− common communications strategy
“Aktionsbündnis für eneuerbare Energien”, 12.03.2013
PV Symposium in Bad Staffelstein, 100 representatives of the sustainable energy ministries of Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, and the Netherlands –R&D, communications agencies, corporations, unions, and journalists