Post World War II Developments Lesson 23 SS8H10.a,b,c.

Post World War IIPost World War IIDevelopmentsDevelopments

Lesson 23Lesson 23

SS8H10.a,b,cSS8H10.a,b,c

SS8H10 The student will evaluate key post-SS8H10 The student will evaluate key post-World War II developments of Georgia from 1945 World War II developments of Georgia from 1945 to 1970. to 1970.   

a. Analyze the impact of the transformation of a. Analyze the impact of the transformation of agriculture on Georgia’s growth.   agriculture on Georgia’s growth.  

b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the b. Explain how the development of Atlanta, including the roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr., roles of mayors William B. Hartsfield and Ivan Allen, Jr., and major league sports, contributed to the growth of and major league sports, contributed to the growth of Georgia.   Georgia.  

c. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall. c. Discuss the impact of Ellis Arnall.

EQ: What were the developments of Georgia from 1945 EQ: What were the developments of Georgia from 1945 to 1970? How did they impact Georgia?to 1970? How did they impact Georgia?

Georgia remained a farming state until after Georgia remained a farming state until after World War II, which ended in 1945.World War II, which ended in 1945.

The number of people living in the country The number of people living in the country remained around 2 million from 1920-1960. By remained around 2 million from 1920-1960. By 1990, however, the percentage of people living 1990, however, the percentage of people living in the country would drop to only a quarter of in the country would drop to only a quarter of those in Georgia.those in Georgia.

Georgia cities had begun to grow. Today less Georgia cities had begun to grow. Today less than 2% of Georgians are involved with farms.than 2% of Georgians are involved with farms.

Most of Georgia’s farms sell less than $10,000in Most of Georgia’s farms sell less than $10,000in products a year.products a year.

1940-1950 the yearly income went from 1940-1950 the yearly income went from 300 to 1,000.300 to 1,000.

Farmers had access to tractors, Farmers had access to tractors, harvesting machines, refrigerated trucks harvesting machines, refrigerated trucks and new chemicals to control weeds.and new chemicals to control weeds.

10% of farmers grew cotton.10% of farmers grew cotton.Peanuts made more moneyPeanuts made more money

William B. HartsfieldWilliam B. Hartsfield(1890-1971)(1890-1971)

William B. Hartsfield William B. Hartsfield served as mayor of served as mayor of Atlanta for longer than Atlanta for longer than any other mayor in the any other mayor in the city’s history—six terms, city’s history—six terms, from 1937-1961.from 1937-1961.

During his tenure, During his tenure, Atlanta’s population Atlanta’s population multiplied by ten times—multiplied by ten times—from 100,000 to 1 million.from 100,000 to 1 million.

In regard to the laws In regard to the laws governing people of color, governing people of color, Hartsfield promoted the Hartsfield promoted the idea of Atlanta as a “City idea of Atlanta as a “City Too Busy to Hate”.Too Busy to Hate”.

Hartsfield, cont.Hartsfield, cont. Hartsfield’s political career began at the age of Hartsfield’s political career began at the age of

32, when he was elected to the Atlanta City 32, when he was elected to the Atlanta City Council. Council.

There he worked to build Atlanta’s aviation There he worked to build Atlanta’s aviation industry.industry.

At the time he began his campaign, in the At the time he began his campaign, in the 1920s, people did not yet fly for travel as they do 1920s, people did not yet fly for travel as they do today.today.

In 1928, he was named Atlanta’s “father of In 1928, he was named Atlanta’s “father of aviation” by the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce.aviation” by the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce.

19241924: : Hartsfield ran for the Georgia Hartsfield ran for the Georgia House of Representatives, House of Representatives,

but but lost.lost.19321932:: He ran again and was elected to He ran again and was elected to

represent Fulton County.represent Fulton County.19361936:: He was elected Atlanta’s Mayor.He was elected Atlanta’s Mayor.

The Great Depression had hurt Atlanta’s The Great Depression had hurt Atlanta’s economy, Hartsfield secured donations economy, Hartsfield secured donations from Coca-Cola, and his strict budgeting from Coca-Cola, and his strict budgeting helped the city recover by 1938.helped the city recover by 1938.

Hartsfield was defeated as mayor in 1940. Hartsfield was defeated as mayor in 1940. However, when the U.S. joined World War II in However, when the U.S. joined World War II in 1941, the current mayor joined the military. A 1941, the current mayor joined the military. A special election was held in 1942 and Hartsfield special election was held in 1942 and Hartsfield won again. He was elected for four more won again. He was elected for four more elections.elections.

In 1952, Atlanta tripled its size from 37 to 128 In 1952, Atlanta tripled its size from 37 to 128 square miles, adding 100,000 people to its square miles, adding 100,000 people to its population.population.

In 1961, Hartsfield choose not to run for office In 1961, Hartsfield choose not to run for office again.again.

Hartsfield died in 1971, and the Atlanta airport Hartsfield died in 1971, and the Atlanta airport was renamed in his honor.was renamed in his honor.

COME FLY THE FRIENDLY SKIESCOME FLY THE FRIENDLY SKIES

Atlanta became the Atlanta became the home base for home base for Delta Air LinesDelta Air Lines

Interstate System Interstate System was developed was developed between 1950-between 1950-19601960

MARTA: MARTA: Metropolitan Atlanta Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Rapid Transit Authority: 1960Authority: 1960

Ivan Allen, Jr.Ivan Allen, Jr.(1911-2003)(1911-2003)

Ivan Allen, Jr. served in World Ivan Allen, Jr. served in World War II. Then, he worked for War II. Then, he worked for the governor and his fathers the governor and his fathers business.business.

When Hartsfield left office, he When Hartsfield left office, he won and served as mayor from won and served as mayor from 1962-1970. People credit him 1962-1970. People credit him with keeping peace during the with keeping peace during the civil rights movement.civil rights movement.

As mayor, Allen was liberal. As mayor, Allen was liberal. Allen’s first act was to have Allen’s first act was to have signs like “White Only” over signs like “White Only” over water fountains removed from water fountains removed from City Hall.City Hall.

Allen also ended the rule that Allen also ended the rule that Black police officers could not Black police officers could not arrest a white person and the arrest a white person and the blacks could not be firefighters.blacks could not be firefighters.

Ivan Allen, Jr. cont.Ivan Allen, Jr. cont.

Allen worked with civil rights leaders such Allen worked with civil rights leaders such as as Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Allen was the only politician from the Allen was the only politician from the South to speak in favor of the Civil Rights South to speak in favor of the Civil Rights Act in the U.S. Congress.Act in the U.S. Congress.

By 1964, Allen was able to bring By 1964, Allen was able to bring desegregation to all public facilities in desegregation to all public facilities in Atlanta.Atlanta.

Unfortunately, Allen was the mayor during the Unfortunately, Allen was the mayor during the construction of a concrete wall intended to keep construction of a concrete wall intended to keep black people away from a white area.black people away from a white area.

This incident was called the Peyton Road Affair. This incident was called the Peyton Road Affair. The wall was later found to be unconstitutional The wall was later found to be unconstitutional and was torn down.and was torn down.

Allen worked to bring the Atlanta Braves to the Allen worked to bring the Atlanta Braves to the city. He worked to build the Atlanta Stadium for city. He worked to build the Atlanta Stadium for a team and then convinced the team to move to a team and then convinced the team to move to Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He also helped bring Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He also helped bring major league football and basketball teams to major league football and basketball teams to the city in the late 1960s.the city in the late 1960s.

1.1. Who was the mayor of Atlanta for the Who was the mayor of Atlanta for the longest terms?longest terms?

2.2. What does MARTA stand for?What does MARTA stand for?

3.3. Name 2 inventions that helped southern Name 2 inventions that helped southern farmers.farmers.

4.4. What crop was more profitable in 1945-What crop was more profitable in 1945-1960?1960?

5.5. Who was the father of aviation?Who was the father of aviation?

6.6. Hartsfield is home of what major airline Hartsfield is home of what major airline company?company?

7. Who ended the rule that a black police 7. Who ended the rule that a black police officer could not arrest a white person?officer could not arrest a white person?

8. Name 1 more good thing he did to help 8. Name 1 more good thing he did to help segregation.segregation.

9. What was the Peyton Road Affair?9. What was the Peyton Road Affair?

10. What team did Allen bring to Atlanta?10. What team did Allen bring to Atlanta?

Sidney Lanier: Ga AuthorSidney Lanier: Ga Author

The Marshes of Glynn

James BrownJames Brown

““Godfather of Soul”Godfather of Soul”

““I Feel Good”I Feel Good”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SzlpTRNIAvc

Otis ReddingOtis Redding

“Sittin’ on the DockOf the Bay”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nA18g_PwG0

Ray CharlesRay Charles

“Georgia on my Mind”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ec6nFs3kRZQ

Brenda LeeBrenda Lee

“I’M Sorry”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aiGPQVUJqq0

Gladys KnightGladys Knight

“I Head it throughThe Grapevine”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tf2gEA40Elg

Little RichardLittle Richard

“Tutti Fruitti”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVWm9PQeYtE

Atlanta BravesAtlanta Braves When the Braves moved to When the Braves moved to

Atlanta, they were the first Atlanta, they were the first professional sports team to be professional sports team to be located in the South.located in the South.

In 1966, the Braves played its In 1966, the Braves played its first season and in 1969, they first season and in 1969, they won the Western Division of the won the Western Division of the National League. National League.

One player, One player, Hank AaronHank Aaron, set the , set the 1974 record for the most 1974 record for the most homeruns.homeruns.

In 1976, In 1976, Ted TurnerTed Turner bought the bought the Braves. Turner owned a cable Braves. Turner owned a cable network and wanted to play the network and wanted to play the team’s games on his channel. team’s games on his channel. This was the beginning of a well This was the beginning of a well known television station, TBS.known television station, TBS.

Through the 1980s, the Braves Through the 1980s, the Braves continued to play poorly. In continued to play poorly. In 1991, the team hired new 1991, the team hired new players and the season ended players and the season ended with the team winning the with the team winning the Western Division title.Western Division title.

Through the early 1990s, the Through the early 1990s, the number of fans attending number of fans attending games rocketed to 3 million.games rocketed to 3 million.

Finally, in 1995, the Braves Finally, in 1995, the Braves won the World Series. It was won the World Series. It was the first national title for a the first national title for a Georgia team.Georgia team.

The Braves made it to the The Braves made it to the World Series two more times, World Series two more times, in 1996 and 1999. Both times in 1996 and 1999. Both times they lost to the New York they lost to the New York Yankees.Yankees.

Atlanta FalconsAtlanta Falcons In 1965, the Atlanta Falcons football team joined In 1965, the Atlanta Falcons football team joined

the NFL. the NFL. Rankin M. Smith Rankin M. Smith of the Life Insurance of the Life Insurance Company of Georgia purchased the team for Company of Georgia purchased the team for $8.5 million.$8.5 million.

Like the Braves, the Falcons played their first Like the Braves, the Falcons played their first game in 1966, at the Atlanta Stadium. game in 1966, at the Atlanta Stadium.

Throughout the 1970s the team was not strong, Throughout the 1970s the team was not strong, but in 1977, the team began to improve.but in 1977, the team began to improve.

In 1998, they played in the Super Bowl, but lost. In 1998, they played in the Super Bowl, but lost. Since then, the team has continued to struggle Since then, the team has continued to struggle for wins.for wins.

Today, Arthur Blank and Rich McKay of The Today, Arthur Blank and Rich McKay of The Home Depot own the Falcons.Home Depot own the Falcons.

Atlanta HawksAtlanta Hawks The Hawks are an NBA team that moved to Atlanta in The Hawks are an NBA team that moved to Atlanta in

1968 from St. Louis, Missouri. They play at the Philips 1968 from St. Louis, Missouri. They play at the Philips Arena.Arena.

Georgia real estate developer Georgia real estate developer Thomas CousinThomas Cousin and and former Georgia Governor former Georgia Governor Carl SandersCarl Sanders purchased the purchased the team for Atlanta.team for Atlanta.

In 1977, Ted Turner purchased the team and in 1980, In 1977, Ted Turner purchased the team and in 1980, the team won the Central Division Title.the team won the Central Division Title.

The team is currently owned by Atlanta Spirit, a The team is currently owned by Atlanta Spirit, a company with nine owners that also controls the Philips company with nine owners that also controls the Philips Arena.Arena.

The Hawks are currently coached by Mike Woodson, the The Hawks are currently coached by Mike Woodson, the team’s tenth head coach since they moved to Atlanta in team’s tenth head coach since they moved to Atlanta in 1968.1968.

Atlanta ThrashersAtlanta Thrashers The Atlanta Thrashers is a hockey team that The Atlanta Thrashers is a hockey team that

plays in the NHL. plays in the NHL.

The Thrashers came to Atlanta in 1999, when it The Thrashers came to Atlanta in 1999, when it was purchased by Ted Turner.was purchased by Ted Turner.

Today, Atlanta Spirit owns the team. Atlanta Today, Atlanta Spirit owns the team. Atlanta Spirit bought the Hawks, Thrashers and Philips Spirit bought the Hawks, Thrashers and Philips Arena for $250 million.Arena for $250 million.

The Thrasher have yet to have a winning The Thrasher have yet to have a winning season, but are very active in community season, but are very active in community service.service.

Ellis ArnallEllis Arnall(1907-1992)(1907-1992)

Arnall served as governor of Arnall served as governor of Georgia from 1943-1947. Georgia from 1943-1947. During this time, Arnall During this time, Arnall aggressively reformed aggressively reformed Georgia government and Georgia government and paid off the state debt.paid off the state debt.

He was elected to represent He was elected to represent Coweta County in the Coweta County in the Georgia House of Georgia House of Representatives when he Representatives when he was just 25 years old.was just 25 years old.

At 31, he was appointed At 31, he was appointed Attorney General of the Attorney General of the state, the youngest in the state, the youngest in the country at that time.country at that time.

In 1942, at 35 years old, Arnall defeated In 1942, at 35 years old, Arnall defeated Eugene Eugene TalmadgeTalmadge and became governor, also the youngest in and became governor, also the youngest in the nation.the nation.

Arnall worked to bring progressive reform to the state. Arnall worked to bring progressive reform to the state. He worked to restore accreditation to Georgia’s He worked to restore accreditation to Georgia’s

Universities. He also reformed the state prisons, tax Universities. He also reformed the state prisons, tax system, and lowered the state’s voting age.system, and lowered the state’s voting age.

Arnall also backed an unpopular liberal in the 1944 Arnall also backed an unpopular liberal in the 1944 presidential election.presidential election.

Arnall’s reforms also allowed black voters to vote in the Arnall’s reforms also allowed black voters to vote in the state’s white-only primary elections. Courts had already state’s white-only primary elections. Courts had already ruled that such primaries were unconstitutional. Other ruled that such primaries were unconstitutional. Other states were avoiding enforcing this rule, but Arnall did states were avoiding enforcing this rule, but Arnall did not.not.

Eugene Talmadge unseated Arnall in the next governor’s Eugene Talmadge unseated Arnall in the next governor’s race.race.

SS8H10 A,B,C QUIZSS8H10 A,B,C QUIZ 1. Which statement BEST explains 1. Which statement BEST explains

William B. Hartsfield’s importance on William B. Hartsfield’s importance on planes?planes?

A. William Hartsfield enjoyed riding on A. William Hartsfield enjoyed riding on planes.planes.

B. William Hartsfield was afraid to fly.B. William Hartsfield was afraid to fly. C. William Hartsfield worked to make C. William Hartsfield worked to make

planes safer.planes safer. D. William Hartsfield was the father of D. William Hartsfield was the father of

aviation in Georgia.aviation in Georgia.    2. Which statement BEST explains Ellis 2. Which statement BEST explains Ellis

Arnall’s political point of view?Arnall’s political point of view? A. He was a conservative.A. He was a conservative. B. He was not a politician.B. He was not a politician. C. He was a progressive reformer.C. He was a progressive reformer. D. He was the founder of the progressive D. He was the founder of the progressive

movement.movement.

3. Which even brought the only 3. Which even brought the only national championship win in national championship win in Georgia’s professional Georgia’s professional

sports?sports? A. The World Series of 1995A. The World Series of 1995 B. The Super Bowl of 1974B. The Super Bowl of 1974 C. The NBA Championships of 1998C. The NBA Championships of 1998 D. The Rose Bowl of 1983D. The Rose Bowl of 1983       4. Ted Turner has owned:4. Ted Turner has owned: A. The Braves and the FalconsA. The Braves and the Falcons B. The Falcons and the HawksB. The Falcons and the Hawks C. The Braves and the HawksC. The Braves and the Hawks D. The Falcons and the ThrashersD. The Falcons and the Thrashers