WWI ended in 1918 The US now back to Isolationism- policy of pulling away form involvement in world affairs Economy changed Unemployment for returning soldiers (or took jobs away from women and minorities) Farmers and factory workers suffered as wartime orders diminished Nativism- prejudice against foreign- born people Post War Review
Post War Review. WWI ended in 1918 The US now back to I solationism- policy of pulling away form involvement in world affairs Economy changed Unemployment for returning soldiers (or took jobs away from women and minorities) Farmers and factory workers suffered as wartime orders diminished - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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WWI ended in 1918The US now back to Isolationism- policy of
pulling away form involvement in world affairs
Economy changedUnemployment for returning soldiers (or took
jobs away from women and minorities)Farmers and factory workers suffered as wartime
orders diminishedNativism- prejudice against foreign-born
people
Post War Review
Fear of Communism- Red Scare• Communism—economic, political system, single-party government
• Ruled by dictator• No private property
• 1919 Vladimir I. Lenin, Bolsheviks, set up Communist state in Russia
• U.S. Communist Party forms; some Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) join
• Bombs mailed to government, businesses; people fear Red conspiracy
Palmer Raids- US Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, hunted down communists, socialist, and anarchists
-Failed, could not find evidence of a revolutionary conspiracy
Post War Review
Red Scare fed people’s suspicion of foreigners and immigrants“Keep America for Americans”Anti immigrant attitudes had been
growing in the US ever since the 1880s when immigrants were arriving from southern and eastern Europe.
Red Scare affect on immigration
Nativists believed that because the US now had fewer unskilled jobs available (coal mining, steel production, textiles) then fewer immigrants should be let into the country. The need for unskilled labor decreased after the war
Immigration after the war: 600% increase 1919-141,0001921- 805,000
Emergency Quota Act of 1921- set up Quota System Limited immigrationSet the max number of people allowed from specific
countries 2% of the population that was in the US in 1890. Targeted
southern and eastern Europe (Roman Catholics and Jews)Prohibited Japanese Immigration (broke the Gentleman’s
Agreement)
Quota System
Groups of people used anti communism as an excuse to harass groups of people unlike themselves
The KKK- devoted to 100% Americanism 1924 membership reached 4.5 million“white male persons, native-born gentile
citizens”KKK opposes blacks, Catholics, Jews,
immigrants, unions, saloonsKlan controls many states’ politics
Ku Klux Klan
“Power of the Purse”Only shop at KKK approved stores
During war- strikes forbidden (could not interfere with war effort)
After war- 3,000 strikesEmployers did not give raises, forbade unions,
saw strikers as communist4 million workers walked off the job
Post War Labor
Union membership declinesMuch of the workforce consisted of
immigrants willing to work in poor conditionsSince immigrants spoke in different
languages, it was hard to organize immigrants into a union
Farmers who had migrated to cities to find factory jobs were used to relying on themselves
Most unions excluded African Americans
Labor Unions Decrease
Harding PresidentRepublican President 1921-1923
“normalcy” or the simpler days before the Progressive Era
1921 Washington Naval CollegeInvited several major powersSec of State Charles Hughes
“no more warships be built for 10 years” Urged 5 major powers: US, France, GB, Japan, Italy scrap many of
the battleships, cruisers, and aircraft carriers*** First time in history powerful nations agree to disarm*** foreshadow ***
1928- 15 world power nations sign the Kellogg-Briand Pact which renounced war as a national policy