possession in Tinkerlo

Possession in Tinkarlo

General concept of Possession

Possession, in the context of linguistics, is an asymmetric relationship between two constituents, the referent of one of which (the possessor) in some sense possesses (owns, has as a part, rules over, etc.) the referent of the other (the possessed).

Definition

Types of Possession

Alienability refers to the ability to dissociate something from its parent; in this case, a quality from its owner. alienable possessive construction in an alienability split, a construction not used with kinship and/or body part terms

When something is inalienably possessed, it is usually an attribute: for example, Nadine's beautiful eyes is inalienably possessed, because it cannot (without surgery) be removed from Nadine

1 Alienability and inalienable possession

similar to alienable vs. inalienable possession, is inherent vs. non-inherent possession.

inherently possessed nouns, such as parts of wholes, cannot be mentioned without indicating their dependent status, for instance, distinguishes alienable from inalienable possession when the possessor is human, but distinguishes inherent from non-inherent possession when the 'possessor' is not human.

2 Inherent and non-inherent possession

Possessable things include farm animals, tools, houses, family members and money

Unposseble includes wild animals, landscape features and weather phenomena

Example- Maasai language

3 Possessable and the Unpossessable

Is some languages, different possession verbs (have in English) are used depending on whether the object is animate or inanimate

4 Animate and inanimate possession

Possession in Tinkarlo

Let us have a look on these two set of sentence from Tinkarlo

SET 1

this m y book be-AUX

‘This is m y book.’

this our book be-AUX

‘This is our book.’

this your book be-AUX

‘This is your book.’

this your.P book be-AUX

‘This is m y book.’

this his book be-AUX

‘This is his book.’

this their book be-AUX

‘This is their book.’

this her book be-AUX

‘This is her book.’

SET 2

this book m y be-AUX

‘This book is m ine.’

this book our be-AUX

‘This book is ours’

this book your be-AUX

‘This book is yours’

this book your.P be-AUX

‘This book is yours’

this book his be-AUX

‘This book is his’

this book their be-AUX

‘This book is theirs.’

this book her be-AUX

‘This book is hers’

By analyzing these two set we can conclude that

M y mine

Our Ours

Your Yours

Your(P) Yours

His/Her His/Hers

Their Thiers

MORE ON POSSESION IN TINKARLO

EXAMPLES FROM TINKARLO

1

Sahil GEN book

‘Sahil’s book’

2

Sahil GEN house

‘Sahil’s house

3 š

Nadine GEN big car

‘the big car of Nadine’

4

Nadine GEN sm all child

‘Nadine’s sm all child’

the possession is marked by a genitive marker ‘’ in all the sentences, so without any exceptions all the alienable possessions are marked like this

CONCLUSION

5 n din g la

Nadine GEN Hand

‘Nadine’s hand’.

6 t k nt g s d

Atikant GEN big mouth

‘Atikant’s big mouth’.

Despite of the fact that examples(5-6) are of inalienable possession, the marking is same.

CONCLUSION

7

t b l g l s

table GEN leg

‘The leg of the table’.

8

k n g s s

W indow GEN glass

‘W indow’s glass’.

9

nd r p k st n g s m s

India and Pakistan GEN problem

‘India and Pakistan’s problem’

Similarly for non human object and ownership also genitive marker ‘’

CONCLUSION

‘HAVE’ IN TINKARLO

10 g g b l y n

I Have Cate Be.AUX

‘I have a cat’.

11

k g k r y n

She Has Car Be-AUX

‘She has a car’.

These two examples(10-11) show that when it comes to verb ‘to have’, the possession marking changes to ‘'.

CONCLUSION

From the previous sentences, we can say that the possessions are formed by the use of Genitive condition. These above sentences show that there is no distinction in term of Gender of possession. We can see that the pronouns are marked by Genitive case, but there is no change with regard to gender and number of the human possessions or any other kind of possession. For the non-human possession, we can see from the examples that the possessions are formed by the Genitive marker.

For the non-human possession, we can see from the examples that the possessions are formed by the Genitive marker. Although the possessions are animates and non-animates there is no matter with the concept of the possessions and the form of the sentences. Even in the concept of the abstract possession, we still use the Genitive marker to make the condition of possession in Tinkarlo. But for the verb ‘to have’ the possession marker changes to ‘'.

THANK YOUNadine