Portland Cement, Calcium and Magnesium Compounds

8/9/2019 Portland Cement, Calcium and Magnesium Compounds

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The Builders of Pillars

Portland Cements, Calcium and Magnesium Compounds

Kamyll Dawn Cocon


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Portland Cements

$utline | %uilders o&

Calcium Compounds

Magnesium Compounds


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Cement

Powder that hardenswhen reacted withwater

"ngredient o& concrete %ind the aggregates

into a roc' li'e mass

Concrete

Mi(ture o& aggregand paste

ses cement to )aggregates toget

Concrete *s+ Cement

n ro uc on u e140


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Formula Shorthand

Notation

Description Typical

Percentage

Mine

(CaO)3SiO!

CS

#ricalcium silicate

>?alite@A

0!0

yd

and stre

(CaO)!SiO!

C8S

Dicalcium silicate>?)elite@A

10!0

ydand

ter

(CaO)3"l!O3

C6

#ricalciumaluminate

>?aluminate@A

!1

ydinst

e(oCo

early

(CaO)#"l!O3Fe!O3

C465

#etracalcium

alumino&errite>?&errite@A

!1

yd6ct

m"mpa

Closer /oo'. Clin'ers


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Closer /oo'. ydration

DryCement

%y

C


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KilnDry Process

$et Process


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Closer /oo'. Dry Process Kiln


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Closer /oo'. et Process Kiln


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Clin'ering eactions


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i


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$et Process

Dry Proces Moisture content o& the slurry is

3''*

Moisture content o& the

Slurry enters into the +iln directlyat !,C

Meal enters preheaters'iln at 200GC

Dimensions o& the +iln needed to

manu&acture the cement is -igger

Dimensions o& the 'manu&acture the cemen

.ess e/cient heating process due

to sur&ace area o& slurry0

eating process is eHc*ery high sur&ace area

the siIe o& meal+ The amount o& the heat re1uiredis higher2 so the re1uired &uel

amount is higher

#he amount o& heat reso the reBuired &uel am

.ess economical More economical Original process adopted in early

times

sed in modern dayPortland cement manu&

Proides ideal mi4 &or +iln %lows raw mi( in 'iln o

e*iew. Dry *s+ et Process


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"STM C5'

Cement Type

Classi6cation "pplica

Type 7


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"ST9M C5'Cement Type

Clin+er Mineral Percent

CS C8S C6 C4

7 0!- 10!0 -!14 !77 4!- !0 8!7 10

777 !- !8 !18 !78 !4 87! !4 118 40!- 1!0 1! 10

#ypes o& Portland Cement


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%rie& istory. /ime

Disco*ery o&/ime

Caesar6ugustus

8 18 6+D

Marco Polio6rchitect

%rie& istory | /ime |


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%rie& istory | /ime |

Dugout Kiln

6merica


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Manu&acturing process


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5or high calciumlime.

CaC$L heat C$8L Ca$

5or dolomiticlime. CaC$,N MgC$,L heat 8C$8L Ca$N

Kiln reactions


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Ouic'lime

Classi;cation Description Com

igh Calcium Ouic'lime

igh Calcium Ouic'lime

ydrated /ime

Classi;cation Description Comigh Calcium ydrated

/imeDolomitic ydrated /ime

>normalADolomitic ydrated /ime

>pressureA

Deri*ed &rom limestone 0 F

4-

Produced rapidly &rom highcalcium Buic'lime

Calcium o(ide &raction hydratesunder

atmospheric hydrating conditions

8 8

!4 p1!1

Produced &rom dolomitic Buic'lime underpressure

resulting to hydration o& all Mg$ andCa$

40!48 82!0 p

8!8


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CaS$4N 88$

CaS$4N 88$ L heat CaS$4N Q 8$ L 1 Q

Plaster o& Paris:ypsum


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igh Speci;c Sur&ace igh ater Demand

igh Porosity /ow Mechanical Property

%eta Plaster Crystals


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/ow Speci;c Sur&ace /ower ater Demand

/ow Porosity igh Mechanical Property

6lpha Plaster Crystals


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Dry ProcessSteam *apour is inRectedduring calcination

et ProcessCalcination o& a gypsumslurry under pressure


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CaS$4N Q 8$ L 1 Q 8$ CaS$4N 88Plaster o& Paris :ypsum

ehydration

$utline | %uilders o&


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Portland Cements

Calcium Compounds

Magnesium Compounds


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$ne i& the most a)undant element in the eartcrust

9lement Percent o& total mass

O4ygen 42+8Silicon 8+

"luminum +07ron 4+1

Calcium +2Sodium 8+-Potassium 8+40Magnesium 1+2%ydrogen 0+7Titanium 0+7

Magnesium


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1717 3ohn Callen patented Magnesium ydro(ide sed &or alle*iation o& digesti*e disorders

1782

Sir 3ames Murray used his own uid magnesia &ormula to tro& "reland, MarBuis 6nglesey, o& stomach pain

6ppointed as resident physician and 'nighted

178 Charles enry Phillips &ormulated 7F wT* Sold under the )rand name Philips Mil' o& Magnesia

Magnesium ydro(ide


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Magnesium ydro(ide ses

6ntacid JeutraliIer


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Magnesium $(ide ses

all %oard%oo'

Preser*ationCa

Magnesium Chloride


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Production Process ses

g

Melting

5ood C


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EJD


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Portland Cement, Calcium and Magnesium Compounds

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