DRIVING GROWTH AND INNOVATION THROUGH TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED LEARNING
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DRIVING GROWTH AND INNOVATION THROUGH TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED LEARNING
David Porter, Ed.D. CEO, eCampusOntario.ca November 26, 2016
Beyond Free
Slides reused, remixed, and re-engineered from original slides by David Porter BCIT.ca, Amanda Coolidge, BCcampus, and Clint Lalonde BCcampus.ca. Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License. Feel free to use, modify, reuse or redistribute any or all of this presentation with attribution.
Harnessing the resonant value in open and collaborative practices for public good
Twitter @dendroglyph
The Power of Open
u Open educational resources (OER) and open practices have been used to redevelop curriculum resources and lower the costs of nursing training programs at the University of Swaziland
Image and story by John Lesperance and Venkataraman Balaji Commonwealth of Learning (http://col.org) 2016
Open Lives in Canada, too
Why OPEN?
ImagebyCraigGarner
PD-US via Wikimedia Commons
“Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages…”
Source: United Nations, 1948, Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Article 26, paragraph 1
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
It started in 1948
UNESCO http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/open-educational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/
UNESCO“Open Educational Resources (OERs) are any type of educational materials that are in the public domain or introduced with an open license. The nature of these open materials means that anyone can legally and freely copy, use, adapt and re-share them.”
Open(free)Culture
“socialmovementthatpromotesthefreedomtodistributeandmodifycreativeworksintheformoffreecontentbyusingtheInternetandotherformsofmedia.
FreeCultureMovementWikipedia
GrantfreedomsinsteadofimposingrestrictionsSharingisfundamentaltoteaching
Collaborationisagoodthing
Assumptions about Openness
“…openness is the sole means by which education is effected. If a teacher is not sharing what he or she knows, there is no education happening.
In fact, those educators who share the most thoroughly of themselves with the greatest proportion of their students are the ones we deem successful. Does every single student come out of a class in possession of the knowledge and skills the teacher tried to share? In other words, is the teacher a successful sharer? If so, then the teacher is a successful educator. If attempts at sharing fail, then the teacher is a poor educator.
Education is sharing.
Education is about being open.”
Openness as Catalyst for an Education Reformation, David Wiley, EDUCAUSE Review, vol. 45, no. Educational 4 (July/August 2010): 14–20
Beyond Free Benefit #1
Teachers have full legal control to customize and contextualize learning resources for their students
Themorecontextalearningresourceshas,themore(andthemoreeasily)alearnercanlearnfromit.
Tomakelearningresourcesmaximallyreusable,learningobjectsshouldcontainaslittlecontextaspossible.
The Reusability Paradox image by Wayne Mackintosh used under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 3.0) Retrieved from http://wikieducator.org/File:Reusability_paradox.svg#filelinks
Reusability Paradox
Shark!byguitarfishusedunderCreativeCommonsAttributionNon-Commercial2.0Genericlicense.
Sharksareagroupoffishcharacterizedbyacartilaginousskeleton,fivetosevengillslitsonthesidesofthehead,andpectoralfinsthatarenotfusedtothehead.
ThisisamodifiedimagebasedonShark!byguitarfishusedunderCreativeCommonsAttributionNon-Commercial2.0Genericlicense.SharktextfromWikipediaandusedunderaCreativeCommonsAttributionShare-Alike3.0license.ThismodifiedimageisreleasedunderaCreativeCommonsAttributionNon-Commercial2.0Genericlicense.
Symbiosisisthecloseandoftenlong-terminteractionbetweentwoormoredifferentbiologicalspecies
ThisisamodifiedimagebasedonShark!byguitarfishusedunderCreativeCommonsAttributionNon-Commercial2.0Genericlicense.SymbiosistextfromWikipediaandusedunderaCreativeCommonsAttributionShare-Alike3.0license.ThismodifiedimageisreleasedunderaCreativeCommonsAttributionNon-Commercial2.0Genericlicense.
“Therefore, pedagogical effectiveness and potential for reuse are completely at odds with one another, unless the end user is permitted to edit the learning resource.”
Source: The Reusability Paradox, David Wiley, Connexions. http://cnx.org/content/m11898/latest/
A simple, standardizedway to grant
copyright permissions to your creative
work.
Some Rights ReservedCreative Commons logo by Creative Commons used under under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
24Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221 March 5, 2014, CC-BY
The 5Rs of openness
Image from Copyright in Education & Internet in South African Lawhttp://education-copyright.org/creative-commons/ Used under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 South Africa license
2003-2012
$10 million invested 153 grants awarded 100% participation across system 83% partnerships 47 credentials developed in whole or part via OPDF 355 courses, 12 workshops, 19 web sites/tools and 396 course components (learning objects, labs, textbooks, manuals, videos)
100% open license for free and open sharing and reuse by all BC post-secondary institutions and instructors
BC Online Program Development Fund
solr.bccampus.ca
A textbook licensed under an open copyright license, and made available to be freely used by students, teachers and members of the public.
Look here à open.bccampus.ca
What’s an Open Textbook?
Where do they come from?
VisualnotesofJohnYapannouncement,GiuliaForsythehttp://www.flickr.com/photos/gforsythe/8094691691/UsedunderCreativeCommonsattributionshare-alikelicense
40freeandopentextbooksavailableforthehighestenrolled1st&2ndyearpost-secondarysubjectsinBC
FirstprovinceinCanada +20 more for SKILLS training
The Numbers in BC
151 Open Textbooks 720 Adoptions 31 Institutions
20,312 Students
$1,998,978 - $2,517,217
Students: 240 Previous Textbook: $187 OpenStax Textbook: $0
Student savings: $60,000
1 course1 institution 4 terms
Early Adopter and Adapter Dr. Takashi Sato Physics KPU
ImagesfromOxfam.orgCC-BYandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Daniel_Mietchen/Talks/World_Open_Educational_Resources_Congress_2012/How_Open_Access_and_Open_Science_can_mutually_fertilize_with_Open_Educational_ResourcesCC-BY
Why is this work happening?
To increase access to higher education by reducing student costs To improve student learning by removing barriers to resourcesTo give faculty more control over their instructional resources
Studentsspendupto$1200/yearontextbooks
4xrateofinflationoverpast20years
70%studentshavenotpurchasedtextbookforacoursebecauseofprice
Source:http://thesheaf.com/2013/10/20/an-open-textbook-policy-is-a-must/
Source:http://www.wmnf.org/news_stories/usf-student-shows-his-peers-how-to-download-textbooks-online-for-free
But, free is more than just a good deal
There is a direct relationship between textbook costs and student success
!"!"!""!"!!"!""!"!""
60%+donotpurchasetextbooksatsomepointduetocost
35%takefewercoursesduetotextbookcost
31%choosenottoregisterforacourseduetotextbookcost
23%regularlygowithouttextbooksduetocost
14%havedroppedacourseduetotextbookcost
10%havewithdrawnfromacourseduetotextbookcost
Source:2012studentsurveybyFloridaVirtualCampus
Slide:CC-BYCableGreen,CreativeCommonsviahttp://www.project-
kaleidoscope.org/
“My textbook is… …back-ordered …in the mail …out of stock …the wrong edition …on hold until my student loan arrives …unnecessary until I decide I want this course”
How often do students start the term without the resources they need?
Beyond Free Benefit #2
Access to customized resources improves learning
New Data
PsychologyDepartmentmodifiesanexistingopentextbooktocreatecustomtextbook,localizedfortheirstudents.
Source:Onecollege’suseofanopenpsychologytextbook,JohnHiltonIII,CarolLaman,OpenLearning:TheJournalofOpen,Distanceande-LearningVolume27,Issue3,2012
“Duringthefallsemester2011,690studentsusedthisbook.Comparedwithstudentsusingatraditionaltextinthespringof2011,studentswhousedthefreeonlinetextbookscoredhigherondepartmentalfinalexaminations,hadhighergradepointaveragesintheclassandhadhigherretentionrates.
Houston Community College
Peer Reviewed Resources
MyAdventuresAdaptingaChemistryTextbook291/365bythebarrowboyusedunderaCC-BY
Publish Many
Write Once
Choices for students
Beyond Free Benefit #3
Opportunities for authentic learning activities
5.5millionviewspermonth. ChemWikimostvisitedchemistrywebsiteintheworld.
Delmar Larsen now offers extra credit to students who submit entries. He assigns a rating system to new articles based on the author's expertise and experience, with articles moving up as they are edited and vetted.
Sources:ChemWikitakesoncostlytextbooksUCDavisNews,October2013UCDHyperlinkNewsletterOctober2014
Getting from Closed to Open
Beyond Free Benefit #4
Collegial collaboration
“Weareagroupoftwodozenmathematicianswhowrotea600pagebookinlessthanhalfayear.Thisisquiteamazing,sincemathematiciansdonotnormallyworktogetherinlargegroups.”
“..thespiritofcollaborationthatpervadedourgroupattheInstituteforAdvancedStudywastrulyamazing.
Wedidnotfragment.Wetalked,sharedideas,explainedthingstoeachother,andcompletelyforgotwhodidwhat.
Ifwecangetmathematicianstosharehalf-bakedideas,nottoworrywhocontributedwhattoapaper,orevenwhotheauthorsare,thenwewillreachanewandunimaginedlevelofproductivity.Progressismadebythosewhodarebreaktherules.”
AndrejBauer,UniversityofLjubljana
Source:TheHoTTbook,MathematicsandComputationhttp://math.andrej.com/2013/06/20/the-hott-book/
The HoTT book
Source:OpenTextbookPublishing,JoeMoxley,World.eduhttp://world.edu/open-textbook-publishing/
“Rather than working as employees on by-the-piece rates for global companies like Pearson, faculty members can assume the role of publishers.
Using free content-management systems like Joomla, Drupal, or WordPress in conjunction with inexpensive web hosting packages, we can build communities around our educational materials.”
“We need to realize our power as authors and publishers. Working collaboratively, we can create dynamic teaching and learning environments.”
Joe Moxley, University of South Florida
Library sprints
Textbook sprints
Test bank sprints
2 Days 17 Psych Faculty 6 Institutions 850 Questions
Source: Simon Bates, UBC
Beyond Free Benefit #5
Demonstration of the service mission of the institution
Beyond Free Benefits
1. Teachers have full legal control to customize and contextualize learning resources
2. Demonstrate improved learning: using customized and contextualized learning resources
3. Opportunities for authentic learning
4. Collegial collaboration
5. Demonstrate service mission of the university
Image:Don’treinventitbyAndreaHernendezusedunderCC-NC-SAlicense
Rethinking resources
u Addressing student affordability
u Reinforcing faculty expertise
u Refining institutional practices for instructional resource creation, management, and distribution
ThisimageislicensedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution-ShareAlike3.0Unportedlicense.Attribution:TerryGoss
But, beware of sharks in open waters
“Openwashing”
Openness in education is not a new idea — but it needs renewed expression in a digital era and broader application in higher education
Openness is not just a historical development — it is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon
Fundamentally, education is a human right — let’s make education openly accessible in all formats for free
Take away messages
Be OPEN!
David Porter • [email protected]
Slides reused, remixed, and re-engineered from original slides by David Porter BCIT.ca, Amanda Coolidge, BCcampus, and Clint Lalonde BCcampus.ca. Unless otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License. Feel free to use, modify, reuse or redistribute any or all of this presentation with attribution.