Portable Patient Training Device for Lung Cancer Treatment Thomas Chia Jason Ethington Brent Geiger Kawai Chan Client: Bhudatt Paliwal, PhD Advisor: Willis.

Portable Patient Training Portable Patient Training Device for Lung Cancer Device for Lung Cancer

TreatmentTreatment

Thomas ChiaThomas ChiaJason EthingtonJason Ethington

Brent GeigerBrent GeigerKawai ChanKawai Chan

Client: Bhudatt Paliwal, PhDClient: Bhudatt Paliwal, PhDAdvisor: Willis Tompkins, PhDAdvisor: Willis Tompkins, PhD

Problem StatementProblem Statement

Lung cancer radiation treatments require Lung cancer radiation treatments require stable patient breathingstable patient breathing

A repeatable breathing trainer is desiredA repeatable breathing trainer is desiredDevice to be used at home and be Device to be used at home and be

portableportableDisplay patient’s real-time breathing Display patient’s real-time breathing

pattern and guiding cyclespattern and guiding cycles

TomotherapyTomotherapy

Radiation Treatment for Radiation Treatment for CancerCancer 3-D Imaging of Target Tissue3-D Imaging of Target Tissue Helical Delivery PatternHelical Delivery Pattern Intensity Modulation Intensity Modulation Radiotherapy Radiotherapy (IMRT)(IMRT)

-Multileaf Collimator (MLC)-Multileaf Collimator (MLC) Radiation Concentrates on Radiation Concentrates on Moving Target TissueMoving Target Tissue

Monitoring Breathing PatternMonitoring Breathing Pattern

Current Devices Used During Procedure Infrared Sensor and ReflectorLaser and Laser Sensor SpirometerPatient Must Breathe with a Repeatable

Pattern

Design Motivations and Design Motivations and RestraintsRestraints

Patient Needs to Practice Steady Repeatable Breathing

Show Patient’s Breathing Pattern and Guiding cycle

Small and PortableUser Friendly

Design AlternativesDesign Alternatives

Breathing Pattern Measurement Hardware

-Thermistor, Inductance Pneumography, or Linear Pneumography, or Linear

Potentiometer Potentiometer Data/Signal Processing

- Visual Basic vs. Labview

User Interface and Display- Laptop vs. PDA

Thermistor Based Breathing Thermistor Based Breathing SensorSensor

Use Nasal Thermistor Use Nasal Thermistor or Thermocouple to or Thermocouple to detect airflowdetect airflow

Thermistor output to Thermistor output to microcontroller for microcontroller for processingprocessing

Wireless RF to PC for Wireless RF to PC for long term Data long term Data AcquisitionAcquisition

Javanov et al.

Inductance PneumographyInductance Pneumography

Measure changes in Measure changes in respiratory volume respiratory volume through changes in through changes in inductanceinductance

Small inductor wire Small inductor wire attached across chestattached across chest

Measured change in Measured change in inductance inductance corresponds to corresponds to amplitude of breathamplitude of breath

Inductance PneumographyInductance Pneumography

AdvantagesAdvantages- - Accurate Accurate

- Minimally invasive- Minimally invasive

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

- Measures chest - Measures chest movement movement

- Prone to motion and - Prone to motion and ECG artifactECG artifact

- Requires proper lead - Requires proper lead placementplacement

- Complex- Complex

Linear Displacement Linear Displacement PotentiometerPotentiometer

Miniature linear Miniature linear displacement displacement potentiometerpotentiometer

Cable extension Cable extension converted to analog converted to analog voltagevoltage

Analog signal Analog signal processing and real processing and real time displaytime display

Linear Displacement Linear Displacement PotentiometerPotentiometer

AdvantagesAdvantages

- - SmallSmall

- Minimally invasive- Minimally invasive

- Simple analog - Simple analog voltage divider outputvoltage divider output

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

- - ExpensiveExpensive

- Requires proper - Requires proper placement based on placement based on breathing habitsbreathing habits

(i.e. stomach vs. chest) (i.e. stomach vs. chest)

Design Matrix

Ranking on a 1- 5 scale (5 is best)

Data and Signal Processing

Data Processing Data Processing

- Visual Basic versus LabView program- Visual Basic versus LabView program

- LabView is a program - LabView is a program designeddesigned specially for real-time data acquisition specially for real-time data acquisition

- Less complicated than Visual Basic- Less complicated than Visual Basic

- Able to develop stand-alone - Able to develop stand-alone programsprograms

User Interface and Display

Laptop versus PDA / Pocket PCLaptop versus PDA / Pocket PC

- Most A/D converters are compatible - Most A/D converters are compatible with laptop. with laptop.

- LabView program works on Laptop.- LabView program works on Laptop.

Proposed Solution

Proposed Solution

High CostHigh CostPotentiometer - $200Potentiometer - $200PDA or video goggle - $300+PDA or video goggle - $300+A/D Converter - $100A/D Converter - $100

Piecing together hardware is straightforwardPiecing together hardware is straightforwardSoftware programming will be difficultSoftware programming will be difficult

Future WorkFuture Work

Build potentiometer into small boxBuild potentiometer into small box Construct attachment strapConstruct attachment strap Interface analog output with LabviewInterface analog output with Labview Design Labview program to recognize and Design Labview program to recognize and

display analog signal display analog signal Display breathing cycle waveform in real-time on Display breathing cycle waveform in real-time on

laptoplaptop Scale entire design to PDAScale entire design to PDA Disclose for patentDisclose for patent

Special ThanksSpecial Thanks

Prof. Willis TompkinsProf. Willis Tompkins

Bhudatt Paliwal, PhD. Bhudatt Paliwal, PhD.

Tiezhi Zhang Tiezhi Zhang

Prof. John WebsterProf. John Webster

Burke O’NealBurke O’Neal

Paul VictoreyPaul Victorey