Population growth and

POPULATION: A group of individuals or items that share one or more

characteristics from which data can be gathered and analyzed.

POPULATION GROWTH:Change in population over a period of time.

POPULATION GROWTH RATE: Factorial rate at which the number of individuals in a

population increases.

GROWTH RATIO = GROWTH RATE * 100

Factors affecting Population Growth Rates

Population growth depends on rates of birth, death,

immigration, and emigration.

(birth rate + immigration rate)

– (death rate + emigration rate)

= population growth rate

HUMAN POPULATION DYNAMICS

There are just three sources of change in population

size —

1. Fertility

2. Mortality

“Natural Decrease" refers to population decline

resulting from more deaths than births

3. Migration

Net migration is the number of immigrants minus

emigrants

CENSUS The process of collecting demographic, economic

and social data about each inhabitant of a country

or territory at a definite time or period

Taken in every 10 years

Most credible source of information

Provides valuable information for planning &

policy formulation

HISTORY OF CENSUS

In 1849-”QUINQEUNIAL”

First of this return-1851-52

Second-1856-57

Third -1861-62

Last -1866-67

First Quinqeunial census-1871

First complete census-1881

PROCEDURE OF CENSUS

Data collected by enumerators

Information collected is kept as

confidential

Conducted in 2 phases:

1st phase:- house listing & housing census

2nd phase:- Population enumeration

POPULATION CENSUS OF INDIA 2011

15th Indian National Census

Largest census in Indian history

1st phase : - 1st April 2010

2nd phase: - 9th -28th Feb 2011

Provisional reports released on 31st march

2011

Current Indian population :- 1.21 billion

India's Population 2011

Current Population of India in 2011 1,210,193,422 (1.21 billion)

Total Male Population in India 623,700,000 (623.7 million)

Total Female Population in India 586,500,000 (586.5 million)

Sex Ratio 940 females per 1,000 males

Age structure

0 to 25 years 50% of India's current population

Currently, there are about 51 births in India in a minute.

India's Population in 2001 1.02 billion

Population of India in 1947 350 million

WORLD POPUALTION STATISTICS

Current world population :- 6.94 billion

World’s current population growth rate:-1.3%

World’s population grows – 80 million each

year

By 2050:- 9 billion

China :- Most populous (19.4%)

India :- 2nd populous (17%)

The 10 countries largest with total population

ESTIMATED WORLD POPULATION

CAUSES OF POPULATION HIKE

Increase in food production and distribution

Improvement in public health

Advancements in medical technology

High birth rate and low death rate

Decline of infant mortality rate

Lack of public awareness

Illiteracy ignorance and superstitions

Attitude towards male child

IMPACTS ON INDIAN ECONOMY

Increase in availability of labour

Increased innovation

Technological advancement

Increased productivity

Improvement in trade structure

Increase in per capita income

Aggrevates poverty

Increase in unemployment

Results in food crisis

Increase in consumption & wastage

Man to land ratio decreases

Tremendous pressure on natural resources

Excess migration to cities

Increase in urban slums

Depresses savings

Results in brain drain

Decreases standard of living

Causes many social evils

GOVERNMENT MEASURES

Introduced various family planning programs

Started govt funded agencies on promoting

family planning programs

Creating awareness programs

Emphasis on women employment and education

Motivation through persuasion and incentive to

adopt small family norms

SUGGESTIONS

Women empowerment

Establishment of compulsory learning in institutions

Freely inflate the money supply

Popularize population control programs in various

private enterprises

Adoption of ‘ A Child per Couple’ policy

Educate people in rural areas

Raising of age for marriage for males and females.

Making available of various methods of birth control.

Setting up of training centers and research centers.

Involvement of people, private agencies & panchayat in welfare programs.

Health facilities.

CONCLUSION Overpopulation is a hindrance in the path of India’s

economic development. Family planning awareness should be sown among the younger generations. Smaller families contribute to the well being of the individual as well as to India’s economy. India’s vast population puts a lot of stress on the economic infrastructure. It is high time that we Indians took measures to control this escalating population for the progress of our economy, our country.

“CONTROLLED POPULATION GROWTH IS A DRIVEN FORCE FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. BUT, IF IT IS UNCONTROLLED IT WILL BE A DISASTER!!!”