Polymers

Carbon-based compounds

1.Build a molecule of ethane, ethene and ethyne.

2.Build a molecule of butane and then build an isomer of butane (isobutane).

Carbon-based compounds1. INFER:

1. How does JELLO (a carbon-based compound) become a solid?

2. How does your body produce hair, muscle and skin?

3. How can they make a solid plastic out of liquid petroleum,

or rubber out of liquid sap?

We are all CBLF’s (carbon-based life forms)

•CARBON CAN FORM AN INCREDIBLE VARIETY OF MOLECULES!!!

BASIC STRUCTURAL FEATURES:A. MULTIPLE BONDS

•SINGLE BONDS: -ane •DOUBLE BONDS: - ene•TRIPLE BONDS: -yne

B. STRAIGHT OR BRANCHED CHAINS

C. ISOMERS

D. RINGS - Aromatics

Each corner represents a carbon atom.

Ring size can vary from three to eight.

Carbon atoms can bond to one another in chains to form a variety of structures, including fossil fuels such as coal, synthetic polymers such as plastics, and the large molecules of life, such as proteins and lipids.

Molecular structure of Coal

Lipid

Polyethylene

All of this allows Carbon to create: GIANT MOLECULES called POLYMERS100’s to 1000’s of smaller molecules

joined together.Polymers ARE CHAINS OF Monomers

joined together.

All of this allows Carbon to create: GIANT MOLECULES called POLYMERS100’s to 1000’s of smaller molecules

joined together.Polymers ARE CHAINS OF Monomers

joined together.

monomer

polymer

POLYMERS (the whole train) are made out of MONOMERS (individual cars of the train)

joined together.

POLYMERS (Macromolecules)

1. Define “polymer”. Define “monomer”.2. Name the 3 main types of polymers and

give an example of each 3. Draw the structural formula for the

monomer “ethylene” and part of the structural formula for the polymer “polyethylene”

4. Define polymerization5. What is a “Catalyst”? (use your

resources)

Polymerization: When carbon molecules combine into long chains.

HOW: This happens when a carbon to carbon double bond in a monomer is broken and new single bonds are formed creating a polymer.

http://www.tvo.org/iqm/plastic/animations.html#

Polymerization of polypropylene (propene).

Polymerization: (of polyethylene)

Polymerization: (of nylon)

Living organisms form biopolymers such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids through polymerization.

FOUR TYPES OF ORGANIC POLYMERS:

1.CARBOHYDRATES – glucose, bread, pasta

CARBO(C) – HYDRATE(H2O)2.PROTEINS – muscle, meat, hair,

nails3.LIPIDS – fat, oil, butter4.NUCLEIC ACIDS – DNA, RNA

>ALL CONTAIN C, H, AND O>C—C BONDS ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

POLYMERS

Polymerization of a protein: putting simple monomers together.

Polymerization of a protein: putting simple monomers together.

Where will the monomers JOIN TOGETHER?

monomer

monomer

monomer

monomer

Polymerization of a protein: putting simple monomers together.

Where will the monomers JOIN TOGETHER?

monomer

monomer

monomer

monomer

Polymerization of a protein: putting simple monomers together.

Water drops out to allow the bonds to form.

Polymerization of a protein: putting simple monomers together.

NOT ALL REACTIONS CAN GO BY THEMSELVES.

Catalyst: A chemical substance that STARTS or INCREASES the rate of a reaction without being used in the polymer.

http://www.cem.msu.edu/~reusch/VirtualText/mechism/polvincl.htm

Catalyst: A chemical substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed.

1. Carbon atoms bonded to one another in chains

2. 3 TYPES: fossil fuels, synthetic polymers, and biopolymers

3. Formed through a process called polymerization

4. Catalyst: STARTS or INCREASES the rate of the reaction without being used up

1. Come in2. Have a seat

3. Silently read the article from the back

1. Write down the name, and some of the properties of the plastic on your desk.

2. Quick draw an image of both the monomer and polymer of ethylene.

3. Re-Read the Polymer Lab Sheet from the back of the room.

4. Choose which test (tensile, abrasion, puncture) that you would want to run, and begin filling out the back of the

sheet.