Politics & Progress A New Century Chapters 19 & 20.

Politics & ProgressPolitics & ProgressA New CenturyA New Century

Chapters 19 & 20Chapters 19 & 20

Constitution of 1876Constitution of 1876Created a new Created a new Texas Texas government after government after ReconstructionReconstruction

Suffrage, or the Suffrage, or the right to vote, for right to vote, for women was women was denieddenied

Women Fight for RightsWomen Fight for Rights

Woman’s Woman’s Christian Christian Temperance Temperance UnionUnion was the 1 was the 1stst Texas group to Texas group to publicly endorse publicly endorse woman suffragewoman suffrage

Women in CareersWomen in Careers

Women began Women began entering the paid entering the paid labor force: labor force: TeachingTeaching was one was one of the most of the most accepted accepted professions open to professions open to women at this time.women at this time.

Monopolies Use Unfair TacticsMonopolies Use Unfair Tactics

Several companies Several companies could form a trustcould form a trust

Trusts were Trusts were powerful enough to powerful enough to prevent other prevent other companies from companies from selling the same selling the same product or serviceproduct or service

Monopolies Use Unfair TacticsMonopolies Use Unfair Tactics

Trusts could hold Trusts could hold a monopoly, or a monopoly, or exclusive control, exclusive control, of a business.of a business.

Trusts reduced Trusts reduced free tradefree trade

Economic ReformEconomic ReformTrusts could pay low Trusts could pay low prices for materials and prices for materials and then charge high prices then charge high prices for the goods they sold. for the goods they sold.

Farmers, consumers Farmers, consumers and some merchants and some merchants could not protect could not protect themselves against themselves against these unfair practicesthese unfair practices

Economic ReformEconomic ReformGrange: a social Grange: a social organization for organization for economic reformeconomic reform formed by farmersformed by farmers

Members could Members could buy supplies at buy supplies at cheaper pricescheaper prices

Economic ReformEconomic ReformNew political party: New political party:

People’s Party People’s Party (Populist Party)(Populist Party) was made of was made of poor poor farmersfarmers

Economic ReformEconomic Reform

Antitrust law was Antitrust law was passed by the Texas passed by the Texas Legislature to prohibit Legislature to prohibit companies from forming companies from forming trusts to fix prices or trusts to fix prices or limit productionlimit production

Antitrust laws were used Antitrust laws were used to prevent these unfair to prevent these unfair practicespractices

Railroads are RegulatedRailroads are RegulatedGovernor James S. Governor James S. HoggHogg asked the asked the Legislature to establish Legislature to establish the the Texas Railroad Texas Railroad CommissionCommission

TRC set rates and TRC set rates and watched over railroad watched over railroad practices, practices, stopping stopping railroads’ unfair railroads’ unfair practicespractices

Interstate vs. IntrastateInterstate vs. Intrastate

Interstate Commerce Interstate Commerce Commission set Commission set rules for rules for interstateinterstate railroads that railroads that connected two or connected two or more statesmore states

IntrastateIntrastate railroads railroads went went within the statewithin the state

Into the New CenturyInto the New Century

Galveston was Galveston was struck by a struck by a hurricane in 1900, hurricane in 1900, killing 6,000 killing 6,000 peoplepeople

Worst natural Worst natural disaster in U.S. disaster in U.S. HistoryHistory

Disaster AidDisaster AidWomen’s Health Women’s Health Protective AssociationProtective Association was formed from this was formed from this disaster disaster to inspect and to inspect and safeguard cemeteries, safeguard cemeteries, streets, markets, streets, markets, dairies, schools, dairies, schools, hospitals, and parkshospitals, and parks

Progressive MovementProgressive Movement

Attempts by Attempts by reformers to solve reformers to solve problemsproblems

Terrell Election Terrell Election LawLaw

Votes for WomenVotes for Women

ProhibitionProhibition

Terrell Election LawTerrell Election LawEnsured elections Ensured elections carried out fairlycarried out fairly

Required Required primary primary elections: an elections: an election held by a election held by a political partypolitical party before before a general election a general election to to select that party’s select that party’s official candidateofficial candidate..

Votes for WomenVotes for Women1918: women won 1918: women won the right to vote in the right to vote in party primaries by party primaries by making a deal with making a deal with Governor Hobby.Governor Hobby.

Suffragists: those Suffragists: those supporting supporting women’s right to women’s right to votevote

ProhibitionProhibitionProgressive reformers Progressive reformers believed alcohol was at believed alcohol was at center of so many social ills.center of so many social ills.

Woman’s Christian Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)Temperance Union (WCTU) wanted to wanted to end the sale of end the sale of alcoholalcohol and close and close businesses that made businesses that made alcoholic beveragesalcoholic beverages

Opposition to ProhibitionOpposition to Prohibition

Brewing industry, Brewing industry, German and Italian German and Italian immigrants and immigrants and conservativesconservatives who who disapproved of a disapproved of a strong federal strong federal government government opposed prohibitionopposed prohibition..

1818thth Amendment Amendment1818thth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Amendment to the U.S. Constitution made prohibition into lawmade prohibition into law. Law was . Law was repealed in 1933.repealed in 1933.

DiscriminationDiscriminationJim Crow laws Jim Crow laws discriminated against discriminated against African AmericansAfrican Americans

Segregation of public Segregation of public facilities facilities

Poll taxPoll tax: fee for voting : fee for voting that that kept poor and kept poor and minority citizens from minority citizens from votingvoting

NAACPNAACPNational Association for the Advancement of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was Colored People (NAACP) was created by created by African Americans to work for racial equalityAfrican Americans to work for racial equality..

Culture Clash in S. TexasCulture Clash in S. TexasHostility and Hostility and violence between violence between Anglo and Mexican Anglo and Mexican immigrants to immigrants to South TexasSouth Texas

State officials sent State officials sent the state militia to the state militia to South Texas to South Texas to help quell violencehelp quell violence

Ethnic Self-Help OrganizationsEthnic Self-Help Organizations

Gran Circulo de Gran Circulo de Obreros MexicanosObreros Mexicanos: : provided assistance provided assistance with weddings, with weddings, baptisms and funeralsbaptisms and funerals

Mutualistas Mutualistas (mutual (mutual aid societies): aid societies): provided help and provided help and community servicecommunity service

Good Luck on Your Test!!Good Luck on Your Test!!