Policy of seed development

RAVI SINGH

12MBT0073

VIT UNIVERSITY

POLICY OF SEED DEVELOPMENT &

GEAC

Seed and plant material

Agricultural production

Higher yields

Food security

Quality of crop

Cost of production

Agri-climatic conditions

STAKEHOLDERS

Farmers

Public

sector: Nationa

l

Public

Sector: State

Seed

Farmers

Corporate Sector:

MNCs

Private

sector- domesti

c

Seed Progression

Nucleus Seed

Breeder Seed

CertifiedSeed

Foundation Seed

National Agricultural Research System

Public Sector Seed Production agencies

Multinational companies

Improved Product Mix

Higher Revenues

•Developing a particular variety•Used for multiplication

•Genetically pure•Source for foundation seed

•Public Sector•Private Sector•MNCs•Hybrids•Value-addition

•Marketing•Risk Management•Market Intelligence•Warehouse•Trademark

Types of Seeds

•Public•Domestic

Private•MNCs

Self Pollinated

Cross Pollinated

HybridsGenetically Modified

Public Sector

Farmers Public sector

Seed Industry: Volumes

50

0

100

250

200

150Total Seed

Production

Private sector

Seed Industry: Details

India – biggest seed market

$920 million, or about Rs.5,000 crores Domestic $900 million, exports $20 million

Open pollinated seed market: around $ 118 million

Vegetable seed sector employment 7 lakhs

Local and unidentified varieties (farmer controlled) statistics are not known – probably 30 to 50%

Highest seed market is cotton (80% hybrid): Rs.1870 crores

National Seeds Corporation, 1963

15 State seed corporations

500 private seed companies

National Seed Association of India (NSAI)

Seed Policies and Legislation

Enactment of the Seeds Act, 1966

Seed Review Team-SRT (1968)

National Commission on Agriculture’s Seed Group (1972)

Seed Control Order (1983)

New Policy on Seed Development (1988)

National Seeds Policy (2002)

The Seeds Bill (2004)

Formulation of National Seed Plan (2005)

The Seeds Bill, now

NATIONAL SEEDS POLICY, 2002: THRUST AREAS

variety development

plant variety protection

quality assurance

infrastructure facilities

transgenic plant varieties

import and export

promotion of domestic private sector seed industry

strengthening of the monitoring system

SEEDS BILL, 2004: SALIENT

FEATURES

Registration of kinds and varieties of Seeds etc.

– Evaluation of performance– Compensation to Farmers– Registration of Seed Producers & Processing

Units– Seed dealers to be Registered

Regulation of Sale of Seed and Seed Certification

• Seed Analysis and Seed Testing• Export and Import of Seeds & Planting Material• Offences and Punishment

Issues before Seed Bill

Quality assurance to farmers– spurious seeds– under performing seeds– non-performing seeds

Price Control• Share of seed in the cost of production is

going up

Increasing yields• Productivity• Quality of produce

BIOSAFETY REGULATION

1. Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RDAC)

2. Review Committee on Genetic Manipulations (RCGM)

3. Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC)

4. State Biosafety Coordination Committee (SBCC)

5. District Level Coordination Committee (DLCC)

• Ministry of Environment and Forests

• Department of Biotechnology

The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)

The Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee

(GEAC) of India was reconstituted on March 11,

2013

This committee function as a body under the Department of Environment, Forest and Wildlife for approval of activities involving large scale use of hazardous microorganisms and recombinants in research and industrial production from the environmental angle. The Committee also responsible for approval of proposals relating to release of genetically engineered organisms and products into the environment including experimental field trials.

Main functions

• To permit the use of GMOs and products thereof for commercial applications.

• To adopt producers for restriction or prohibition, production, sale, import & use of GMOs both for research and applications under EPA.

• To approve for conduct of large scale field trials, evaluation of large scale field trial data and final approval for release of transgenic crop in to the environment.

• To authorize large scale production and release of GMOs and productsthereof into the environment.

• To authorize agencies or persons to have powers to take punitive actions under the EPA.

(i) For the purpose of these rules, microorganisms or genetically engineered organisms, products or cells shall be dealt with under two major heads; animal pathogens and plant pests and these shall be classified in the manner specified in the Schedule.

(ii) If any of the microorganism, genetically engineered organism or cell falls within the limits of more than one risk class as specified in the Schedule, it shall be deemed to belong exclusively to the last in number of such classes.

9/17/13

CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS OR GENETICALLY ENGINEERED PRODUCT

(1) No person shall import, export, transport, manufacture, process, use or sell any hazardous microorganisms or genetically engineered organisms/substances or cells except with the approval of the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee.

(2) Use of pathogenic microorganism or any genetically engineered organisms or cell for the purpose of research shall only be allowed in laboratories or inside laboratory areas notified by the Ministry of Environment and Forests for this purpose under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

9/17/13

APPROVAL AND PROHIBITIONS

Thank You