Policy and Sector National Reform to Accelerate and Sustain Access to Improved Rural Sanitation UNC Conference on Sanitation and Health November 2012 Eddy.

Policy and Sector National Reform to

Accelerate and Sustain Access to Improved Rural Sanitation

UNC Conference on Sanitation and Health

November 2012 • Eddy Perez

Reinventing the Rural Sanitation Sector

The Challenge

Rural sanitation programs that are:• Effective

• Large scale

• Sustainable

• Reaches the poor and other marginalized groups

WSP’s Scaling Up Rural Sanitation Business Area

Core components of theory of change

Strengthen Enabling

Environment

Generate Demand for Improved Sanitation

Strengthen Supply

Learning and Knowledge

Evidenced Based Learning Large Scale Rural Sanitation

Programmatic Approaches: Community Led Total

Sanitation (CLTS) Behavior Change Sanitation Marketing

At-Scale Sanitation Service Delivery Models: Local governments Domestic Private Sector

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

90

95

100

1959

1961

1963

1965

1967

1969

1971

1973

1975

1977

1979

1981

1983

1985

1987

1989

1991

1993

1995

1997

1999

2001

2003

2005

Year

% H

ou

se

ho

ld T

oile

2.7% increase per year

4.2% increase per year

Source: Government of Thailand

Access to Rural Sanitation in Thailand 1959-2005

Beyond Scaling Up:How Do We Accelerate the Rate of Increase in Access?

Stronger government rural sanitation sector enabling environment

Strengthen the Enabling Environment:

Eight Key Components

Financing and IncentivesThis dimension assesses the adequacy of arrangements for financing the programmatic costs. These costs include training, staff salaries, transportation, office equipment and supplies, and the development of communication and education materials as well as line items in budgets for program and promotion activities.

Example of Indicators for Components

Assessment of Enabling Environment for Scaling Up Rural Sanitation in India, Indonesia and Tanzania

Background

Baseline assessment in 2007 TA action plan to address

weaknesses based on assessment Large Scale pilot as learning

laboratory Endline assessment in 2010 Monitoring and strengthening

enabling environment continuing >2010

Baseline and Endline Assessment for Rural Sanitation Sector in India, Indonesia and Tanzania

Progress Was Made

Institutional Arrangements - Tanzania

National lead institution identified for Rural sanitation

Roles and Responsibilities for sanitation are clear

Coordination mechanisms are established Dedicated budget lines Clear operational structure and capacity

Availability of Sanitation Products and Services - Indonesia

Products and services respond to consumer preferences

Improved supply chain Products available and affordable

for all economic categories of consumers Products available with appropriate marketing and quality assurance controls

Innovative products and services developed

Cost-Effective Implementation - Himachal Pradesh, India

Awareness of cost-effectiveness implementation taking place Cost-Effective assessment system in place Cost-effective assessment capacity in place

[some] Cost data collected, analyzed, and utilized

[some] Cost-effectiveness data used for future rural sanitation planning

Program Methodology - Madhya Pradesh, India

Demand led programmatic approach establish (by National Government) Program methodology adopted by State government

[some] Programmatic approach adopted by local governments Demand led programmatic methodology implemented

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 2055 2060 2065 2070 2075 2080 20850%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

% o

f H

ou

se

ho

lds

wit

h Im

pro

ve

d S

an

ita

tio

n

Current Trend of 0.87% per year

Accelerated Trend of 3.0% per year

Accelerated Trend of 2.0% per year

Source: Joint Monitoring Program

20802030

MDG Target

2040

Strengthening the Enabling Environment

So What?

Current and hypothetical rates of

sanitation access increase in Rural Indonesia

Acceleration of Access in East Java

According to government data, rate of increase in access in East Java:

Proportion of HHs have access to improved sanitation

1993 2008 2009 2010 Average yearly increase1993-2008

Average yearly increase2009 - 2010

Rural 11.1% 32.3% 33.9% 38.8% 1.42% 4.85%

East Java 19,918,491

Central Java 18,155,819

West Java 14,840,945

West Nusa Tenggara 2,683,713

Bali 1,554,590

Selected Learnings

Countries/States with the strongest enabling environment at endline made the most progress in terms of accelerating access to improved sanitation and stopping open defecation.

The existence of a government led pilot program working at large scale was effective in providing evidence to strengthen political will and for identifying bottlenecks that needed be addressed at the national policy and sector level.

Strengthening the EE takes time and progress is often not linear. Progress continued to be made in each country after the 2010 baseline — but is still a work in progress in 2012 .

Key Take-Away Messages

An effective sanitation sector requires profound and systemic reform of the enabling environment.

While more learning is needed, there is now proof of concept for the framework for an effective rural sanitation enabling environment

A strong enabling environment is key for a sustainable sanitation program that will enable governments to accelerate access to improved sanitation.

For more information:

wsp.org@WSPworldbank

This presentation was based on the WSP Working Paper, Policy and Sector Reform to Accelerate Access to Improved Rural Sanitation.

Printed copies of the report are available today at the publications table, and at the World Bank/WSP Exhibition Booth (BO1:18).

Download the PDF at wsp.org