554 16º Congresso da APDR Universidade da Madeira, Funchal Colégio dos Jesuítas, 8 a 10 Julho 2010 POLICIES TO IMPROVE THE LIVES OF SLUM DWELLERS – FROM INTERNATIONAL AGREEME NTS TO LOCAL CONTEXTS. THE BRAZILIAN CASE-STUDY Bruno Pereira MARQUES Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas e-GEO: Centro de Estudos de Geografia e Planeamento Regional Avenida de Berna 26 C 1069-061 Lisboa (Portugal) [email protected] Rui CARVALHO Universidade de Lisboa Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território CEG: Centro de Estudos Geográficos – MIGRARE Alameda da Universidade 1600-214 Lisboa ( Portugal) [email protected] Abstract Last decades economic development induced massive international and regional migration flows directed to the urban spaces. The magnitude and swiftness of these processes determined that several cities’ authorities would fail to respond to the increasing demands of many social services. The right to an “adequate housing” emerged as a political concern, leading governments and institutions to develop housing programmes directed to improve the lives of slum dwellers. This paper presents a diachronic evolution of these specific housing policies in the paradigmatic case-study of Brazil, critically analysing the evolving roles played by the multiple levels of decision (from international institutions to local communities) in the development and implementation of such measures. Keywords : Housing Policies, Clandestine Urbanization, Migration Flows, Local Development, Community-based Development, Brazil. 1. Introduction: The Causes and Consequences of the Urban “Slums” The “urban explosion” felt through the second half of the twentieth century was one of the most important changes within population geography and social demography in the last decades. About 3 billion people (approximately 50% of the world’s total population) are now living in cities and the prospects of urban population growth tend
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8/8/2019 Policies to Improve the Live of Slum Dwellers - from international agreements to local contexts
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