Polar, Non-Polar & Hydrogen Bonds Packet #20
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Polar, Non-Polar & Hydrogen Bonds
Packet #20
Types of Chemical Bonds
Polar Bond
Thursday, February 25, 2016 2
Remember…
Bond Polarity is due to differences in electro-negativity
Bond polarity can predict the polarity of a bond
∆EN < 0.4 = non-polar covalent
∆EN between 0.4 and 2.0 = polar covalent
∆EN > 2.0 = ionic
δ used to indicate partial charges
Dipole movement is the measure of a molecule’s overall polarity
μ = Q (charge) * r (distance)
More details to come in Organic Chemistry
Bond Polarity & Chemical Bonds
Polar Bond
A polar bond is formed because one atom, of the compound, being more electronegative grabs more electron density from another atom.
The electronegative atom attempts to steal electrons.
Thursday, February 25, 2016 5
Types of Chemical Bonds
Non-Polar Bonds
Thursday, February 25, 2016 6
Non-Polar Bond
Joining of atoms with the same electronegativity
Thursday, February 25, 2016 7
Types of Chemical Bonds
Hydrogen Bonds
Thursday, February 25, 2016 8
Hydrogen Bonds
A strong non-bonding interaction that causes a quick, weak “chemical bond.”
Occurs when a hydrogen atom, attached to a highly electronegative atom, interacts with a lone electron from a nearby electronegative atom.
These bonds are broken almost immediately
Depends on temperature.
Thursday, February 25, 2016 9
Hydrogen Bond
Although hydrogen bonds are weak, the vast number of them in large molecules makes them collectively significant
The formation of water in various forms.
2/25/2016 8:54:46 AM 10
Phases of Matter
Liquid
Solid
Gas
Elements and molecules can exist in all three phases
Thursday, February 25, 2016 11
Phases of Matter II
Thursday, February 25, 2016 12
Van der Waals Forces
Review
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