Polar

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October 18, 2010Obj: Understand water’s unique chemical properties.

Warm-Up: Why is water a polar molecule? (Answer this in your notebook.)

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Essential Question: What are the similarities and differences of living and non-living things?Ch2.2 Properties of water

Polar A molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed

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Essential Question: What are the similarities and differences of living and non-living things?Ch2.2 Properties of water

Polar A molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed

Water (H20) is a polar molecule. This is because oxygen has 8 protons and has a stronger attraction for electrons than hydrogen (1 proton).

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Essential Question: What are the similarities and differences of living and non-living things?Ch2.2 Properties of water

Polar A molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed

Water (H20) is a polar molecule. This is because oxygen has 8 protons and has a stronger attraction for electrons than hydrogen (1 proton).

*Because of the partial positive and negative charges, polar molecules like water can attract each other.

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Essential Question: What are the similarities and differences of living and non-living things?Ch2.2 Properties of water

Polar

Hydrogen bond

A molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed

Water (H20) is a polar molecule. This is because oxygen has 8 protons and has a stronger attraction for electrons than hydrogen (1 proton).

*Because of the partial positive and negative charges, polar molecules like water can attract each other.

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The attraction between a hydrogen atom on one water molecule and the oxygen atom on another.

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Essential Question: What are the similarities and differences of living and non-living things?Ch2.2 Properties of water

Polar

Hydrogen bond

A molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed

Water (H20) is a polar molecule. This is because oxygen has 8 protons and has a stronger attraction for electrons than hydrogen (1 proton).

*Because of the partial positive and negative charges, polar molecules like water can attract each other.

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The attraction between a hydrogen atom on one water molecule and the oxygen atom on another.

**Because water is polar, it is able to form multiple hydrogen bonds, which account for many of water special properties

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Cohesion An attraction between molecules of the same substance

• Water is very cohesive, because a single water molecule may be involved in as many as 4 hydrogen bonds at once.

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Cohesion An attraction between molecules of the same substance

• Water is very cohesive, because a single water molecule may be involved in as many as 4 hydrogen bonds at once.

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Cohesion

Surface tension

An attraction between molecules of the same substance• Water is very cohesive, because a single water molecule may be

involved in as many as 4 hydrogen bonds at once.

Since molecules on the surface do not have atoms above them, they exhibit stronger forces with their nearest neighbors on the surface.

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Cohesion

Surface tension

An attraction between molecules of the same substance• Water is very cohesive, because a single water molecule may be

involved in as many as 4 hydrogen bonds at once.Since molecules on the surface do not have atoms above them, they

exhibit stronger forces with their nearest neighbors on the surface.

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Cohesion

Surface tension

Adhesion

An attraction between molecules of the same substance• Water is very cohesive, because a single water molecule may be

involved in as many as 4 hydrogen bonds at once.Since molecules on the surface do not have atoms above them, they

exhibit stronger forces with their nearest neighbors on the surface.

An attraction between molecules of different substances.

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• Mixture • Material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical means.

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• Mixture

• 2 types

– 1) solution

• Material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical means.

• Mixture where all components are evenly distributed throughout – Ex. Salt water

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• Mixture

• 2 types– 1) solution

• Solute

• Material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical means

• Mixture where all components are evenly distributed throughout – Ex. Salt water

• The substance that is dissolved– Ex. Salt

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• Mixture

• 2 types– 1) solution

• Solute

• Solvent

• Material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical means.

• Mixture where all components are evenly distributed throughout – Ex. Salt water

• The substance that is dissolved– Ex. Salt

• Substance in which solute dissolves– Ex. Water

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• Mixture

• 2 types– 1) solution

• Solute

• Solvent

– 2) suspension

• Material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical means.

• Mixture where all components are evenly distributed throughout – Ex. Salt water

• The substance that is dissolved– Ex. Salt

• Substance in which solute dissolves– Ex. Water

• Mixtures of water and non dissolved materials– Ex. Blood

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• Mixture

• 2 types– 1) solution

• Solute

• Solvent

– 2) suspension

• pH scale

• Material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that can be separated by physical means.

• Mixture where all components are evenly distributed throughout – Ex. Salt water

• The substance that is dissolved– Ex. Salt

• Substance in which solute dissolves– Ex. Water

• Mixtures of water and non dissolved materials– Ex. Blood

• System of measurement which indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. Ranges from 0-14, lower numbers have more hydrogen ions (acidic), while higher numbers have more hydroxide ions (basic).

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October 19/20, 2010Obj: Understand how enzymes relate to body function.

Warm-Up: What do enzymes do? (Answer this in your notebook.)

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Enzyme NotesActivation Energy

Catalyst

Enzymes

Substrate

Active Site

Lock and Key Theory

Energy needed to get a reaction started.

A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.

A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the cell by lowering activation energy.

The things that bind to the substrate that cause the reaction.

The place on the protein where the substrate binds

Substrates fit into an enzyme’s active site like a lock and a key.

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Types of ReactionsEndothermic

Reactions

Exothermic Reactions

Energy absorbing. Builds molecules.

Energy releasing. Breakdown molecules and release energy. Our peroxidase enzyme that we will be looking at today is this type of reaction.

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Enzymes lower Activation Energy

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October 22, 2010Obj: 1. Finish enzyme lab write up. 2. Complete Chapter 2 review on p56-57: #1-32 all

Warm-Up: Finish your temperature vs displacement rate graph.

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October 28, 2010Obj: Build a Word MapUse the key vocabulary terms to create a word map.

1. Get a book! 2. Each person choose a different section from chapter 2. See page 55.

2.1 Nature of Matter, 2.2Prop. of Water, 2.3Carbon Compounds, 2.4 Chem Rxns

3. Write the vocabulary words from your section. 4. Draw arrows connecting words that are related within your section. 5. Write on the arrows how they are related. 6. Define any words that you aren’t 100% sure of by looking them up in the book and writing the definition on the page. 7. Draw pictures to help define words. 8. After you have all your definitions for your words, start drawing arrows from your words to words in other sections on your same sheet. Make sure each arrow explains how the words are related.