POISONING IN CHILDREN Prof. Dr. S. Soundararajan MD(S), BL PRINCIPAL Govt. Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai, Tamilnadu.
POISONING IN CHILDREN
Prof. Dr. S. Soundararajan MD(S), BLPRINCIPAL
Govt. Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai, Tamilnadu.
CLASSIFICATION OF POISON
Corrosive Poisons1
2
3
4
5
6
Irritant Poisons
Neurotoxic Poisons
Cardiac Poisons
Gasous/Asphyxiants Poisons
Misellaneous
• Mineral acids- Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid, Hydrochloric acid
• Organic acids-Oxalic acid, Carbolic acid, acetic acid, Salicylic
acid• Vegetable acids
-Hydrochloric acid
• Alkalis-Caustic Potash soda, Ammonium hydroxide
CORROSIVE POISONS
IRRITANT POISONS
• Inorganic PoisonsMETALIC -Phosphorous, Bromide, Iodine etcNON-METALIC –Arsenic, Antimony, Mercury, Lead, Cu, Zn, Mg..
• Organic PoisonsVEGITABLES – Abrus Precatorius, Colocynthis, Ergot, Calotropis, Semicarpus, Croton tinglium, Ricinnus communis, Pulmbago zylanica etc.ANIMALS –Arsenic, Antimony, Mercury, Lead, Cu, Zn, Mg..
• Mechanical Poisons- Powdered glass Pins, Needles, Chopped Hair etc.
NEUROTOXIC POISONS
CEREBRAL
a) Somniferous –Opium & Morphineb) Inebriants –Alcohol, Anaesthetics,
Sedatives, Hypnotic etc.c) Deliriants –Datura, Atropa bellodona,
Cannabis, Coccianed) Spinal – Strychnine.
CARDIAC POISONS Digitalis Oleander Aconitine Nicotine
ASPYXIANTS & GASEOUS
Carbon Monoxide Carbon Dioxide Hydrogen sulphide War gases
MISELLANEOUS
Insecticides, Organo-Phosporous compounds, Common house hold Poisons.
• Domestic House hold poisonsBaby powder, Marking Ink, Crayons, Wax, Cosmetics - Nail polish, Shoe polish
• Therapeutic House-hold PoisonsAntiseptics, Cough Remedies/Tonics, Syrups
• Garden PoisonsFungicides, Insecticides, Herbicides
TOXIC STATE - Children's
Pleasant Smell/odour Attractive colors
ACCIDENTAL
HOMICIDAL
REASONS
CARELESSNESS
Corrosive Poisons
• Used for Industrial Scientific & domestic purposes.
• Consume it by Mistake• India Incidence - 3 to 5%
EFFECTS OF CORROSIVESBurning pain Blood stained vomiting
Dyspnoea Laryngeal oedema Oesophagus & Pulmonary oedema Strinctare of laryngeal, esophagus
Irritant Poisons
• Consume it by Mistake• India Incidence – 17%• Accidental – Unawareness of
People, Attractiveness, Bright color, Pleasant smell, Illitereracy, Carelessess
• Scorpion Bite is dangerous to children• Leads fatal conditions
Neurotoxic Poisons
• 3 to 5 % of children in Accidental
• Cocaine, Hydrocarbons, Alcohol etc.
Cardiac Poisons
• Very Rare poisoning
• This group consists of different actions
Eg- Common house hold
poison 1) Domestic
2) Therapeutic3) Garden Poisons
Miscellaneous Poisons
Domestic Poisons
BABIES Baby powder Insecticide spray Maring Ink
CHILDRENS Crayon (Chalk & wax) Fireworks Nail polish Lotions Dish wash Rat poisons Sanitary Cleaning solvents Furniture polish Shoe polish
Miscellaneous Poisons
Therapeutic Poisons
AntisepticsAnalgesicsAnti-pyreticsCough remediesTonics
Miscellaneous Poisons
Garden Poisons
Fungicides InsecticidesHerbicides
Miscellaneous Poisons
Gen. Symp & Sign of Poisoning
Baby powder, Marking Ink, Crayons, Wax, Cosmetics - Nail polish, Shoe polish