Point of Contact :Doug Ingerson Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration WJ Hughes Technical Center Fire Safety Branch, ATO-P (formerly.

Point of Contact : Doug Ingerson

Department of TransportationFederal Aviation Administration

WJ Hughes Technical CenterFire Safety Branch, ATO-P (formerly AAR-440)

Bldg 205Atlantic City Int'l Airport, NJ 08405 USA

tel: 609-485-4945fax: 609-485-7074

email: [email protected] page: www.fire.tc.faa.gov

Federal Aviation Administration ~ WJ Hughes Technical CenterFire Safety Branch, AAR-440 ~ Atlantic City Int’l Airport, NJ 08405 USA

International Aircraft Systems Fire Protection Working Group23-24June2005 London, England

Engine Nacelle Halon Replacement

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PRESENTATION CONTENTS

OVERVIEW OF PENDING ANALYSIS FOR THE OVER-PRESSURE BEHAVIOR IN THE NACELLE FIRE SIMULATORBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEMDESCRIPTIONS OF MODIFICATIONS TO TEST FIXTURE

NEW TELEMETRYDUCT INTERFACE BOX

TEST PLAN INITIAL OBSERVATIONS

GENERIC STATUSTESTING REMAININGTABLE OF CALCULATED EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATIONS

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS

PENDING OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS - OVERVIEW

DURING TESTING WITH 2-BTP & HFC-125 ANOMOLOUS BEHAVIOR WAS NOTED IN THE TEST FIXTURE

BEHAVIOR CHARACTERIZED AS AN OVER-PRESSURE AT AN ATMOSPHERIC GAP IN THE FIXTURE

WORST-CASE EXAMPLE RESULTED IN FIREBALL & AUDIBLE SIGNATURE

NO TELEMETRY ORIGINALLY LOCATED IN REGION OF INTEREST

TEST FIXTURE HAS BEEN MODIFIED TO ALLOW COLLECTION OF PERTINENT DATA

DATA TO BE COLLECTED AND SCRUTINIZED TO ASSESS MAGNITUDE AND ATTEMPT AN UNDERSTANDING

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~ 123 Inches

~ 240 Inches

DUCT INTERFACE.

TEST SECTION EXIT = 22” DIA

EXHAUST DUCT ENTRANCE = 33” DIA

GAP BETWEEN CIRCULAR PLANES = 8”

~ 65 Inches

FIRE ZONE

AGENT INJECTION

OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS, PERTINENT TEST FIXTURE GEOMETRY

AIRFLOW

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS, PERTINENT TEST FIXTURE GEOMETRY

DUCT INTERFACE.

TEST SECTION ~ EXHAUST NOZZLE

RED DUCT

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS – FIXTURE MODIFICATIONS

ADDED 4 THERMOCOUPLES IN RED DUCT ALL ALONG 12:00 STARTED 2 FEET IN FROM INLET, PLACED EVERY 2 FEET BEADS ARE 8 INCHES OFF WALL

ADDED 2 STATIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS 0-5” H2O PSID (REFERENCE TO TEST BAY) 1 POINT IN TEST SECTION, 03:00, STA 522 1 POINT IN RED DUCT SECTION, 04:30, 21 INCHES IN FROM INLET USING STATIC PORTS OFF 1/8”OD PITOT-STATIC TUBES INSERTED

INTO FLOW FIELD

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS – FIXTURE MODIFICATIONS

ADDED 4 OPTO-ELECTRONIC DEVICES TO DETECT FLAME PROPRAGATION THROUGH TEST FIXTURE PHOTODIODE PHOTOCONDUCTIVE CIRCUITS SENSOR VALUES

0 VDC, DARK/NO FIRE 6.1 VDC, SATURATES WHEN VIEWING FLAMES OF TEST FIRE

1 VIEWS TUBE ARRAY IN FIRE ZONE REMAINING 3 LOOK AT 12:00

ENTRANCE TO EXHAUST NOZZLE EXIT OF EXHAUST NOZZLE RED DUCT

A BOX IS BEING FABRICATED WHICH WILL CLOSE OUT THE DUCT INTERFACE COMPLETELY

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS, TELEMETRY LOCATIONS

TYPE “K” THERMOCOUPLESTATIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENTPHOTODIODE FLAME DETECTOR

BOX TO CLOSEOUT DUCT INTERFACE

STA 551

STA 527

STA 502

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS – TEST PLAN

PURPOSE : TO CAPTURE THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE OVER-PRESSURE

PRODUCED BY HFC-125 TO CAPTURE THE ENVIRONMENT AS PRODUCED BY HALON 1301 CHARACTERIZE THE MAGNITUDE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ATTEMPT TO TO UNDERSTAND THE PHENOMENA

PLAN : FIRE TEST WITH HFC-125 IN CONFIGURATIONS WHERE OVER-

PRESSURES WERE PREVIOUSLY OBSERVED FIRE TEST WITH HALON 1301 IN THE SAME CONDITION RUN EACH AGENT WITH & WITHOUT THE DUCT INTERFACE

BLOCKED OUT MULTIPLE OVER-PRESSURES WILL BE CAPTURED MULTIPLE HALON 1301 FIRE TESTS PLANNED TO CAPTURE

BEHAVIOR EXACT TEST COUNT TBD

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS – INITIAL OBSERVATIONS

THE FOLLOWING GRAPHS ILLUSTRATE SOME OBSERVATIONS BASED ON 1.0 lbm/s 260*F VENTILATION, 0.25 GPM OIL SPRAY FIRE,

HFC-125 AT “equivalence” THE FOLLOWING BEHAVIORS WERE OBSERVED :

THIS TEST VISUALLY PRODUCED A “MINOR” OVER-PRESSURE GRAPH OF FIRE IGNITION, INITIAL VS. REIGNITION AT COMPLETION OF

REIGNITION TIME DELAY (RTD) FLAME FRONT PROPAGATION IS QUICKER DURING INITIAL IGNITION FIRE GROWTH IS QUICKER DURING REIGNITION STATIC PRESSURE PULSE IS LARGER FOR REIGNITION STATIC PRESSURE PULSE IS FRACTIONAL INCH MAGNITUDE

GRAPH OF THE COMPLETE REIGNITION TIME DELAY FLAME EXTINCTION AT RTD ONSET DOES NOT PROGRESS

LOGICALLY FLAME REIGNITION AFTER RTD PROGRESSES LOGICALLY STATIC PRESSURE HAS GREATER PULSE DURING FIRE REIGNITION

THAN DURING AGENT DISCHARGE GRAPH OF OVERALL TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR INDICATES NOTHING

UNUSUAL

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS – INITIAL OBSERVATIONS, FIRE IGNITION

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

-32 -31 -30 -29 -28 -27

TIME (SEC)

PHOTODIODE, TUBE ARRAY (VDC)

PHOTODIODE, EXH NZL ENTRANCE (VDC)

PHOTODIODE, EXH NZL EXIT (VDC)

PHOTODIODE, RED DUCT (VDC)

STATIC PRES., TEST SECTION ("H2O)

STATIC PRES., RED DUCT SECTION ("H2O)

lfhs 05 509 10 c4

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

6 7 8 9 10 11

TIME (SEC)

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FIRE IGNITIONAT START OF TEST

NO FIRE

FIREREIGNITIONAT THE ENDOF THE RTD

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OVER-PRESSURE ANALYSIS – INITIAL OBSERVATIONS, COMPLETE RTD

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

TIME (SEC)

-20

30

80

130

180

230

280

330

380

430

480

530

580

630

680

730

780

PHOTODIODE, TUBE ARRAY (VDC)

PHOTODIODE, EXH NZL ENTRANCE (VDC)

PHOTODIODE, EXH NZL EXIT (VDC)

PHOTODIODE, RED DUCT (VDC)

STATIC PRES., TEST SECTION ("H2O)

STATIC PRES., RED DUCT SECTION ("H2O)

FIREX PRESSURE (psig)

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HFC-125 DISCHARGE BEGINS

FIRE EXTINCTION

FIRE REIGNITION

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0100200300400500600700800900

1000110012001300140015001600170018001900200021002200230024002500

0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165

Time (s)

Tem

pera

ture

(°F)

& P

ress

ure

(psi

g)

0200400600800100012001400160018002000220024002600280030003200340036003800400042004400460048005000

HW

A S

igna

l (m

VD

C, b

lue

trace

onl

y)

ave_sta331 ave_sta453 ave_sta518 ave_sta532 ave_sta551_upr sen/FRX botl p/t exh/___/t/rdct2ft exh/___/t/rdct4ft exh/___/t/rdct6ft exh/___/t/rdct8ft tst/515/t/hsfcT_A sen/Inlt HWA

ftst 05 509 10 c2

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THERE ARE NO CONCLUSIONS TAKEN FROM THIS ONE TEST, JUST OBSERVATIONS

MORE TESTING TO BE COMPLETED PRIOR TO ANALYSIS

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CONCLUSION

SUMMARY/STATUS

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CONCLUSORY STATEMENTS

TESTING REGARDING CHARACTERIZING OVER-PRESSURE BEHAVIOR REQUIRES COMPLETION

REMAINING CF3I EQUIVALENCE ITERATIONS WILL FOLLOW POOL FIRE WORK SPRAY FIRE WORK

COLD AGENT TESTING

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RESULTS TO DATE - TABULAR

Agent Ventilation configuration Fire Threat Equivalent

Concentration (%v/v)

HFC-125high

JP8 spray 17.5JP8 pool 7.6

LowOIL spray 16.4 (a)JP8 pool 8.1 (a)

CF3IHigh

JP8 spray 5.6JP8 pool Incomplete

Low OIL spray 7.2 (a,b)JP8 pool Incomplete

(a) Bracketing method used to find mass equivalent(b) Partial result, JP8 verification incomplete as of June 2005

Point of Contact :Doug Ingerson Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration WJ Hughes Technical Center Fire Safety Branch, ATO-P (formerly.

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