POETRY POWER POINT #1 An Introduction. POETRY BASICS Poetry: A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form.

POETRY POWER POINT #1

An Introduction

POETRY BASICS

Poetry: A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form Form: the appearance of the words on the pageLine: a group of words together on one line of the poemStanza: a group of lines arranged together

Identify…

“A Word is Dead”By Emily Dickenson

A word is dead

When it is said,

Some say.

I say it just

Begins to live

That day.

STANZA 1

Stanza 2How many lines?

KINDS OF STANZAS

Couplet = a two line stanza

Triplet (Tercet) = a three line stanza

Quatrain = a four line stanza

Quintet = a five line stanza

Sestet (Sextet) = a six line stanza

Septet = a seven line stanza

Octave = an eight line stanza

POINT OF VIEW IN POETRY

PoetThe author of the poem

SpeakerThe “narrator” of the poem

AddresseePerson or thing the speaker is addressing

ReaderPerson reading the poem aloud

SOUND EFFECTS

RHYTHM

The beat created by the sounds of the word in a poemRhythm can be created by using:

MeterRhymeAlliterationRefrain

METER

A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables

Meter occurs when the stressed and unstressed syllables of the words in a poem are arranged in a repeating pattern

When poets write in meter, they count out the number of stressed (strong) syllables and unstressed (weak) syllables for each line. They then repeat the pattern throughout the poem.

METER cont.

Foot – unit of meter

A foot can have two or three syllables

Usually consists of one stressed and one unstressed syllables

Types of feetThe types of feet are determined by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables

METER cont.

TYPES OF FEET

Iambic – unstressed, stressed

Trochaic – stressed, unstressed

Anapestic – unstressed, unstressed, stressed

Dactylic – stressed, unstressed, unstressed

FREE VERSE POETRY

Unlike metered poetry, free verse poetry does NOT have any repeating patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables

It usually does NOT have rhyme

Free verse poetry is very conversational-sounds like someone talking to you.

A more modern type of poetry.

FREE VERSE - EXAMPLE

“I Dream'd in a Dream”by Walt Whitman

  I DREAM'D in a dream I saw a city invincible to the attacks of the    whole of the rest of the earth,  I dream'd that was the new city of Friends,  Nothing was greater there than the quality of robust love, it led    the rest,  It was seen every hour in the actions of the men of that city,  And in all their looks and words.

Walt Whitman is not around to ask what he meant in this poem….

What is your interpretation?

Did he mean a real city or perhaps friendship?

BLANK VERSE POETRY

Written in lines of iambic pentameter, but does NOT use end rhyme.

Excerpt from Macbeth by William Shakespeare

Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow,Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, To the last syllable of recorded time; And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle!

Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more: it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing.

RHYME

Words sound alike because they share the same ending vowel and consonant sounds

A word always rhymes with itself

LAMP

STAMP

Share the same short “a” vowel sound

Share the combined “mp” consonant sound

END RHYME

A word at the end of one line rhymes with a word at the end of another line.

Hector the collector

Collected bits of string.

Collected dolls with broken heads

And rusty bells that would not ring.

INTERNAL RHYME

A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line.

From “The Raven”By Edgar Allan Poe

Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary.

NEAR RHYME or EYE RHYME

An “imperfect” rhyme or close rhyme.

The words EITHER share the same vowel sound or consonant sound BUT NOT BOTH

ROSE

LOSE

Different vowel sounds (long “o” and “oo” sound)

Share the same consonant sound

RHYME SCHEME A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually uses end rhyme but not always)

Use the letters of the alphabet to represent different rhyme sounds so that you can visually see the pattern.

“The Germ”By Ogden Nash

A mighty creature is the germ,

Though smaller than the pachyderm

His customary dwelling place

Is deep within the human race.

His childish pride he often pleases

By giving people strange diseases.

Do you, my poppet, feel infirm?

You probably contain a germ.

A

A

B

B

C

C

A

A

ONOMATOPOEIA

Words that imitate the sound they are making.

The rusty spigotsputtersuttersa splutter,spatters,scatters,spurts,finally stops sputteringand splash!gushes rushes splashesclear water dashes.

Match the line to its sound

A plate being dropped on the floorA balloon being burstA gun being shotSomeone eating crispsA light being switched onA fierce dogA small bell being rung

TINKLE BANG SMASH GROWL

POP CRUNCH CLICK

ALLITERATIONConsonant sounds repeated at the beginning of words.

Think tongue twisters

If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?

Consonance

The repeating consonant sounds in a line or lines of poetry (can be anywhere in the words)

“Silken, sad, uncertain, rustling”

Assonance The repeating vowel sound in a line or lines of poetry

Lake, fate, base, fade (all share the long “a” sound)

REPETITION

Using the same word or phrase more than once in a poem.

Does not include pronouns or conjunctions

Can sometimes be called the refrain if it’s a stanza that repeats

I am the shadow

By the classroom wall,

I am watching you,

And I know it all.

Don’t try to run

Or hide from me.

There isn’t a thing

I cannot see.

Don’t cheat on a test,

Or lie to a friend,

I know the truth

From beginning to end.

I am the shadowBy the classroom wall,I am watching you,And I know it all . . .

And I know it all.And I know it all.

I’m watching you,And I know it all.