Poetry

Poetry

Poetry One of the three major genres of literature Highly concise with a musical quality. It uses emotionally charged language that usually appeals to the five senses.Poetry is:

Types of Poetry Poetry that uses the techniques of dramaVerse that presents the speech of one or more characters

Dramatic Poetry Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Euripides Madea

Examples Include: Tells a story Because it tells a story, it is usually longer than other types of poetry

Narrative Poetry A poem that tells a story They are a form of narrative poetry They are often used in songs and have a very musical quality to them No, these are not 80s rock balladsThe basic form for ballads is iambic heptameter (seven sets of unstressed, stressed syllables per line)

BalladsAlso known as (Heroic Poetry) an epic is a long narrative about adventures of larger than life characters.

Epic Poetry

Characteristics Include :

Hero is a great leader of a certain group of people The setting includes many places, particularly supernatural realms ( ex. The land of the dead or hell)

Characteristics Include:

Group of people.

The hero fights in a great battle or goes on a long journey or quest.

Often gods or supernatural beings will take part in the action. (ex. The Odyssey, Beowulf)

The main character in a long narrative that reflects the values and heroic ideals of a particular society.

The Epic HeroThey possess superior physical strengthUsually a very ethical or moral personEmbodies the ideals of the societyMODERN DAY HEROES

Characteristics

What themes do these epics share? Modern Day Epics Lyric Poetry A poem of highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker.

Example What though, for showing truth to flattered state,Kind Hunt was shut in prison, yet has he,In his immortal spirit, been as freeAs the sky-searching lark, and as elate.Minion of grandeur! think you he did wait?Think you he nought but prison-walls did see,Till, so unwilling, thou unturnedst the key?Ah, no! far happier, nobler was his fate!In Spenser's halls he strayed, and bowers fair,Culling enchanted flowers; and he flewWith daring Milton through the fields of air:To regions of his own his genius trueTook happy flights. Who shall his fame impairWhen thou art dead, and all thy wretched crew?A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter.

? Whats Iambic Pentameter????

Sonnet Iambic pentameter is among the most common metrical forms in English poetry: it is used in many of the major English poetic forms, including blank verse, the heroic couplet, and many of the traditional rhymed stanza forms.If you count, it usually has 10 syllables per line. An iambic foot is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. We could write the rhythm like this:da DUM A line of iambic pentameter is five of these in a row:

da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUMExample Here :

Examples: JULIET appears above at a windowBut, soft! what light through yonder window breaks?It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon,Who is already sick and pale with grief,That thou her maid art far more fair than she:Be not her maid, since she is envious;Her vestal livery is but sick and greenAnd none but fools do wear it; cast it off.It is my lady, O, it is my love!

Notice the 10 syllables per line. Romeo and Juliet Examples:14 lines Two types: English (Shakespearian Shakespearian) Italian (Petrarchan)

Back to the Sonnet consists of three quatrains (4 lines) and a couplet (2 lines)

English Sonnet Italian consists of an octave ( 8 lines) and a sestet (6 lines).

Italian Sonnet Three line verse form The 1st and 3rd line of the Haiku each have 5 syllables The 2nd line has 7 syllables A haiku seeks to convey a single vivid emotion by means of images of nature.

Haiku Notice the syllables 5,7,5Curving up, then down.Meeting blue sky and green earthMelding sun and rain.

Examples: Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameterPopular verse form widely used by Shakespeare.

Blank Verse Poetry not written in a regular rhythmical pattern, or meterit is the opposite of blank verse.

Free Verse

Stanza A group of lines Couplet 2 linesQuatrain- 4 lines Sestet- 6 lines Octave- 8 lines Anything that stands for or represents something else. = or An object that serves as a symbol has its own meaning but it also represents something abstract.

Symbolism in Poetry

Examples in Poetry Uses like or as to compare to two or more thingsThe little girl was as pretty as a flower. Metaphors- Figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else.Does not use like or as to make the comparison. Example: My nephews are animals.

Same as a regular metaphor but in this case a subject is spoken of or written of as though it were something else.Several comparisons are made

Extended Metaphor Be prepared to see figures of speech such as similes, metaphors, personification, and onomatopoeia.

Smiley face playing trumpetFigurative Language in Poetry Sometimes the language means exactlywhat it says, there are no hidden meanings or symbols. This is the opposite of Figurative Language.

Youre notlistening!Literal Language An extreme exaggerationIm so hungry I could eat a horse!

Eat more beef!!

Uh oh !

Hyperbole

PersonificationThe screaming phone woke me up! Giving human characteristics to a non-human or non-living thing. The repetition of initial consonant sounds. Sally sells sea shells down by the sea shore.

Listen to the ssssss sound

AlliterationThe repetition of sounds at the end of words .

End Rhyme When rhyming words come at the end of lines. Internal Rhyme When rhyming words are found within a line. Rhyme Jane, cane, lane, hurricane , same, lameThe pattern of rhyming words in a poem The rhyme scheme of a poem is indicated by using different letters of the alphabet for each new rhyme.

Rhyme Scheme

I love to hear her speak, yet well I know A

That music hath a far more pleasing sound. B

I grant I never saw a goddess go: A

My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. B

And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare C

As any she belied with false compare. CExample: My Mistresss Eyes are Nothing Like the Sun- Shakepeare

The pattern of beats, or stresses, in spoken or written language.

This is very similar to the da dum da dum da dum of the iambic pentameter.

Rhythm THE END

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