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PM2.5 emissions from biomass combustion in residential heating
Commission Regulation (EU) n. 431/2014 includes statistics on energy consumption in residential sector in the Regulation (EC) “on energy statistics” (no. 1099/2008). MS submit yearly data to EUROSTAT • Sample 20,000 families, CATI methodology, lenght of interview ≈ 24 min • Every 3 years, next survey (in 2016 on 2015 data) CATI/CAPI methodology, • Sample stratification on the basis of population, region and altitude • Pilot survey 1,000 families • QC: automatic correction of inconsistencies and incompatibilities that emerged from the responses through the software CONCORD (ISTAT) and values out of range Hidiroglou & Berthelot (1986), Duan (1983) • The national statistical offices in Europe, and not only, use the calibration estimator (Deville JC, Särndal EC, 1992; Särndal EC, 2007) to come back to the universe.
Municipality < 50,000 inh. – not mountain 24.6 5,109,733 2.8
Italy 21.4 17,724,350 3.2
PM2.5 emissions – time series
Biomass consumption – splicing of time series
• 2012-2013 (and 1990) data are true values • statistics for other fuels used in residential heating are assumed as correct • reproportioning of total heating needs on the basis of degree days and n° of families • biomass consumption for residential heating equal to the difference between reproportioned total heating need and other fuels consumption
PM2.5 emissions – EFs BIOMASS EMISSION FACTORS
(g/GJ)
NOX CO NMVOC PM10 PM2.5 Diox
(mg/GJ) B(a)P
Open fireplace 50 6,000 780 516 510 0.48 0.04 Traditional stove 50 6,000 720 486 486 0.48 0.15
PM2.5 emissions – projections National emission reduction between 2005 and 2020
National emission projections GP Targets
SO2 -53% -35%
NOX -37% -40%
PM2.5 0% -10%
VOC -30% -35%
NH3 -8% -5%
Current target proposal
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Data sources: ISPRA 2015 “Informative Inventory Report” ISTAT 2014 “I consumi energetici delle famiglie” – biomass consumption survey Ministry of economic development 2013 “Strategia energetica nazionale” Ministry of economic development 2014 “National energy balance 2013” SSC, 2012. Final report on emissions from biomass combustion for heating. Stazione Sperimentale dei Combustibili. Prot. ENEA/2009/34883/APU-UGA March 2012.
more info: [email protected][email protected] Data and reports available on: http://www.sinanet.isprambiente.it/it/sia-ispra/serie-storiche-emissioni