Plug-In Electric Vehicle Policy Plug-In Electric Vehicle Policy Analysis Analysis Clean Cities Clean Cities Coalition/Western Coalition/Western Michigan Michigan University University Rob Ozar PE, Manager Rob Ozar PE, Manager Energy Efficiency Energy Efficiency Section Section Michigan Public Michigan Public Service Service Commission Commission
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Plug-In Electric Vehicle Policy Analysis Clean Cities Coalition/Western Michigan University Rob Ozar PE, Manager Energy Efficiency Section Michigan Public.
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Plug-In Electric Vehicle Policy AnalysisPlug-In Electric Vehicle Policy Analysis
1) Balance of Trade/Oil Imports2) National Security3) Environment
Barriers to Electric Vehicle AdoptionBarriers to Electric Vehicle Adoption
Only 7% of car buyers are Only 7% of car buyers are likely to consider electric likely to consider electric vehicles.vehicles.
Source: Kelly Blue Source: Kelly Blue BookBook
Key Concerns:Key Concerns:
1) Range anxiety (drivable 1) Range anxiety (drivable range)range)
2) Availability of public 2) Availability of public charging stationscharging stations
3) Initial cost3) Initial costNissan Leaf
Ford Focus
Customer Wants…Customer Wants…
74% of customers indicated 74% of customers indicated that public fast charging that public fast charging facilities would influence facilities would influence their decision to purchase a their decision to purchase a PEV.PEV.
Source: MPSC/DTE/U of Source: MPSC/DTE/U of M GrantM Grant
Customers want…Customers want… Less than 15 minute Less than 15 minute
charge timecharge time 350 mile range350 mile range Additional Purchase Additional Purchase
IncentivesIncentives Source: Kelly Blue Source: Kelly Blue
BookBook
PEV Range from LansingPEV Range from Lansing(24 kWh - limited public charging stations)(24 kWh - limited public charging stations)
30 Miles each way
PEV Range from LansingPEV Range from Lansing(24 kWh - available public charging stations)(24 kWh - available public charging stations)
60 Miles
PEV Range from LansingPEV Range from Lansing(36 kWh - available public charging stations)(36 kWh - available public charging stations)
100 Miles
PEV Range from LansingPEV Range from Lansing(48 kWh - available public charging stations)(48 kWh - available public charging stations)
Conflicting Public PoliciesConflicting Public Policies Economic Policy promoting public charging stations to decrease Economic Policy promoting public charging stations to decrease
range anxiety may work against utility regulatory policy promoting range anxiety may work against utility regulatory policy promoting off-peak charging. off-peak charging.
Current limits regarding sale-for-resale need to be re-evaluated. Current limits regarding sale-for-resale need to be re-evaluated. Note FERC Order 888: “Note FERC Order 888: “The term “sale of electric energy at wholesale” The term “sale of electric energy at wholesale”
when used in this Part means a sale of electric energy to any person for resalewhen used in this Part means a sale of electric energy to any person for resale.”.”