Plant sweeteners

8/7/2019 Plant sweeteners

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Plant sweetenersPresented byPurvi Shah

NIPERA 1012 NP 13



Sweetener

Safe

Highsolubility

Stable

Non-hygroscopic

Widelyavailable

Economic

Non-carcinogenic



N eed of lant sweeteners

Artificial sweeteners mainly re orted of beingcarcinogenic

Safety concern





M ainly

GlycosidesTer enoids

FlavanoidsProteins



Stevioside & Rebaudioside A

Stevia rebaudiana , a genus of herbs inthe sunflower family i.e. AsteraceaeKnown as sweet leaf, sugar leaf or stevia

Extracts have relative sweetness u to300 times that of sugarSlower onset & longer duration thansugar

Com letely non-toxicHeat stable, H stable & non-fermentableBitter aftertaste at high concentration



SteviolLegal in USReceived GRAS a roval in 2008A roved for food use in other

countries as wellIm roves insulin sensitivity & maybe useful in treatment of diabetesand metabolic syndrome

Stevioside



Safety of SteviolStudies have been a mixed bag so far but there is littlein any of them to indicate that Stevia is harmful2008-WHO : not genotoxic & not carcinogenic; may behel ful in atients with hy ertension & ty e-2 diabetesFDA granted GRAS a roval to Coca Cola/ Cargill &Whole Earth/Pe siCoCoca Cola/Cargill roduct : RebianaCargill roduct : TruviaPe siCo roduct : PureVia



Glycyrrhizin

Extract from the roots of Glycy rrhiza g l abra (Family:Leguminosae) which grows inEuro e & Central Asia.Provides a liquorice flavour inaddition to sweetnessAlso, it is a sweetness (flavour)

otentiator



Glycyrrhizin

Sweetness : 50-100xCommercial name : M agnasweet

Regulatory history- GRAS substance

Pentacyclic triter ene glycoside



(+)-Hernandulcin

Sesquiter eneIsolated from leaves & flowers of Lippia du lcis (Family : Verbenaceae)which is native to M exico & arts of C. AmericaSweetness : 1000x

Only one of the four ossiblediastereomers exhibit a sweet taste

(+)-Hernandulcin:R1=R2=H





R1 R2 R3 R4

(+)-dihydroquercetin-3-acetate

Ac H OH H

dihydroquercetin-3-

acetate(4 -methyl ether)

Ac H OH M e



M onellin

Discovered by M orris & Cagan 1972Isolated from the berries of the W.African shrub,D ios coreoph yll um cumensii M ol. Wt. 10.7kDaCom osed of 2 non-identical subunits, A & BThe individual subunits are not sweet by themselves

& dissociate at low or extreme HUnstable at high tem erature



M onellin

Sweetness : 3000xPotential use as a noncarbohydrate sweetener &could be articularly beneficial to individuals such asdiabetics who must control sugar intakeN o legal status in EU & USA roved in Ja an as harmless additive



Thaumatin

Discovered by Inglett & M ay-1968Obtained from haumato coccus danie ll i (Katemfe fruit) of W. Africa.The sweetness is derived from the mucilagenous gel in theberriesHighly water soluble

Stable to heating & acidic conditions



Thaumatin

Sweetness : 1500-2000xTaste is markedly different from sugar sSweetness builds very slowly,but erce tion lasts for along time, leaving a liquorice-like after-taste at highusage levelsM arketed in Euro e as Talin (by Overseal naturalingredients)

Used for centuries by Africans of the region to sweetenbread & alm wine



Thaumatin

A roved as a sweetener in Euro ean Union,Israel, Ja anIn US, it is GRAS flavoring agent.



Brazzein

Sweet-tasting roteinExtracted from the W.African fruit of the climbing lantOubli ( P entadip l andra brazzeana Baillon)0.2-0.05% by weight in the ri e fruitM ol. Wt. : 6.5kDa (monomer)Sweetness : 500 2000xClean sweet taste with lingering aftertasteStable over broad H range (2.5-8)

Heat stable at 98 C for2 hrsVery soluble in waterDiabetes friendlyM arketed roduct: Cweet



M abinlin

Sweet-testing roteins extracted from the seeds of M abinlag ( C apparis masaikai Levl.), a chinese lant4 homolguesM abinlin-2 : sweet-tasting rotein with the highestknown thermostabilityM ol. Wt. : 10.4 kDa

Readily soluble in waterSweetness : 100-400x of sucrose



M iraculin

Taste modifierGlyco rotein extracted from the fruits of Sy nsepa l umdu lcifi cum

Itself is not sweet but after the taste buds are ex osedto it, ordinary sour foods are erceived as sweetEffect lasts u to an hour

M ol. Wt.: 98.4kDa (tetramer)Readily soluble in waterN on-heat-stable rotein



M iraculin

N ot a roved for use as a sweetener by USFDABut it is included as GRAS

N ovel food status in EUA roved in Ja an as harmless additive



Curculin

Sweet rotein isolated from the fruits of C ur cu l ig l atifo l ia ( Family : Hy oxidaceae)Taste-modifying activitySweet itself Sweetness : 430-2070xSusce tible to heat but at 50 C start degrading

& lose its propertyApproved in Japan as a harmlessadditive





References

FEBS letters (23 January 2006, Vol. 580, Issue2, Pages 620-626)A

cta Botan. Yunnan . (5): 207-212J.Biol.Chem. 263 (23) : 11536-11539Dietary Su lement Health & Education Act of

1994 USFDA 2011 (last u date)Economic Botony, 44 (2),1990, 174-182



Thank You.....

Plant sweeteners

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