Natural fibers are obtained from plants and animals. They can be classified as Plant Fiber and Animal Fiber. Fiber is a threadlike strand which is used for spinning yarn. On the basis of source, fibers are classified as natural and man-made or synthetic fibers. Natural fibers like cotton, silk, wool, jute etc. are obtained from natural products. Plant Fibre : Cotton Cotton is the most important fibre crop not only of India but of the entire world. It provides direct livelihood to 6 million farmers and about 40-50 million people are employed in cotton trade and its processing.
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Plant Fibre : Cotton - schoolsonline.britishcouncil.org · Read more: Silk has many properties, such as high tensile strength, luster, low density, good
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Natural fibers are obtained from plants and animals. They can be classified as Plant Fiber and Animal Fiber. Fiber is a threadlike strand which is used for spinning yarn. On the basis of source, fibers are classified as natural and man-made or synthetic fibers. Natural fibers like cotton, silk, wool, jute etc. are obtained from natural products.
Jute is a commercial plant. It grows upto a height of more than 16 feet. It has a straight, cylindrical stalk with branches only near the top. It contains golden bast fibre. The fibre in the plant forms into continuous strands and run the entire length of the plant stem. Characteristics of the fiber that makes it of commercial significance are softness, strength, length and uniform size. Areas of Jute cultivation in India: The low, nearly level, alluvial and deltaic plains of the Ganges and Brahamputra rivers, with their friable soil the fertility of which is renewed by annual inundation are main areas of jute cultivation.
Animal Fibre: Silk comes from the cocoons of certain insects, such as the mulberry silkworm.
When the insects create their cocoons; harvesters extract the fibers and spin them into thread.
Each cocoon may contain more than 1,000 yards of fibers, but it takes several to create thread
strong enough to make cloth.
Silk
Sorting and softening the cocoons
6 The filature is the factory in which the
cocoons are processed into silk thread. In the
filature the cocoons are sorted by various
characteristics, including color and size, so that