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Planet Earth and Beyond: Sedimentary Rock NATURAL SCIENCES
GRADE 5
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At first, mountains are tall and rough Later, they are much
more rounded Rock is worn away by weather and water This process is
called EROSION NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5
Rocks are broken up by wind, rain and water Broken pieces
washed along rivers or blown along by the wind (Process = erosion)
Broken pieces of rock, called sediments, are dropped somewhere else
It sinks to the ground / low lying areas Over many years, sediments
collect slowly and form layers Becomes compact NATURAL SCIENCES
GRADE 5
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1. As the water in a river moves, loose bits of rocks are
carried along 2. As the river slows down, pieces drop to the
bottom. (It is deposited) NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5
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3. Sand, stones and soil sink to the bottom of the river / sea
4. Layers of sand, stones and soil form NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE
5
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5. Over time, more and more layers are deposited 6. It gets
very heavy and their weight presses down on the layers underneath
NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5
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7. The pressure makes the layers underneath harden and turn
into sedimentary rock. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NygkD8uA Tng
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Made up of layers Each layer is not very heavy The more layers,
the more weight and pressure NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5
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1. Shale Grains of clay that have been hardened These break
apart in large, flat pieces They are soft, like chalk, and can be
used to write with NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5
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2. Sandstone Soft stone Formed when sand grains stick together
Sometimes in different colours Crumbles easily NATURAL SCIENCES
GRADE 5
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3. Limestone Rock that contains many fossils Mainly made up of
minerals, calcium and tiny shells Shells are so tiny that they
cannot be seen with the naked eye. NATURAL SCIENCES GRADE 5