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PLAGIAT Apakah Sdr mencuri kepemilikan intelektual orang lain? Gail M. Dummer, Department of Kinesiology
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PLAGIAT - lppm.unpar.ac.idlppm.unpar.ac.id/.../2014/...Plagiarisme-Prof.-Bermawi-P.-Iskandar.pdf · Versi Asli: The University counts among its greatest strengths and a major component

Mar 13, 2019

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Page 1: PLAGIAT - lppm.unpar.ac.idlppm.unpar.ac.id/.../2014/...Plagiarisme-Prof.-Bermawi-P.-Iskandar.pdf · Versi Asli: The University counts among its greatest strengths and a major component

PLAGIATApakah Sdr mencuri kepemilikan

intelektual orang lain?

Gail M. Dummer, Department of Kinesiology

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DEFINISI PLAGIAT?

Menyajikan pemikiran orang lain tanpa

sitasi

Menggunakan kata-kata orang lain tanpa

sitasi

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Versi Asli: The University counts among its greatest strengths and a major component of its excellence the diversity of its faculty, students, and staff...It strives to hire a diverse faculty and staff of exceptional achievement through affirmative action, to celebrate diversity in all of its programs and activities, and to recruit and retain qualified graduate and undergraduate minority students.

Source: Excerpt from the University of Maryland Mission Statement. Retrieved April 11, 2006 from: http://www.provost.umd.edu/Strategic_Planning/Mission2000.html

Versi Mahasiswa: Although some may feel hiring diverse faculty members is not a priority for universities, many schools claim that they strive to hire diverse faculty and staff of exceptional achievement.

Apakah ini plagiat?

http://www.lib.umd.edu/shadygrove/plagiarism.html

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YAKata demi kata tanpa sitasi!

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COBA PERHATIKAN KEDUA VERSI

TULIASAN BERIKUT

Versi Asli: In analyzing the culture of a particular group or organization it is desirable to distinguish three fundamental levels at which culture manifests itself: (a) observable artifacts, (b) values, and (c) basic underlying assumptions. Source: Schein, E.H. (1990). Organizational culture.

American Psychologist, 45(2), 109-119.

Versi Mahasiswa: Values and observations are two tools that might help me in observing the group I will investigate in this study.

Apakah ini plagiat?http://www.lib.umd.edu/shadygrove/plagiarism.html

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YAMenulis gagasan orang lain dengan kata-kata sendiri

tapi tanpa sitasi.

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Versi Asli: Thurgood Marshall's rise to power played out against the backdrop of America's tempestuous history of slavery, Jim Crow segregation, and the civil rights movement...Any attempt to know Thurgood Marshall had to start with his family and his hometown. His defiance of segregation, his willingness to stand up to powerful whites, and his insistence that he was the equal of any man were rooted in his Baltimore family.

Source: Williams, J. (1998). Thurgood Marshall: American revolutionary. New York: Three Rivers Press.

Versi mahasiswa: Not all powerful leaders come from a place of power and privilege. On his way to becoming the first African American Supreme Court Justice, ThurgoodMarshall overcame racism and segregation to assert his equality and his rights (Williams, 1998).

Apakah ini plagiat?

http://www.lib.umd.edu/shadygrove/plagiarism.html

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TIDAKMenulis dengan kata-kata sendiri dan memberikan

sitasi!

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KENAPA PLAGIAT BURUK?

Melanggar etika dan norma akademik

Bentuk pencurian dan kecurangan

Orang yang melakukan plagiat mencerminkan

ketidakmampuan

Pada akhirnya dia juga mencuri karyanya

sendiri

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5 JENIS PLAGIAT

1. Plagiat kata-kata

2. Plagiat struktur

3. Plagiat Ide

4. Plagiat kepemilikan (Authorship)

5. Plagiat dengan diri sendiri

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PLAGIAT TANPA DISENGAJA

(UNINTENTIONAL PLAGIARISM)

Paraphrasing poorly: hanya mengubah

beberapa kata tanpa perubahan struktur kalimat

asli atau perubahan struktur kalimat tanpa

mengubah kata.

Quoting poorly: menempatkan tanda kuotasi

hanya pada sebagian –tidak semua; Sebagian

dilakukan penyusunan paragraf dan sebagian di-

kuotasi.

Citing poorly: tidak akurat menuliskan sitasi.

MLA handbook for writers of research papers. (7th ed.). The Modern Language Association of America.

New York: 2009. Print.

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PLAGIAT DISENGAJA (INTENTIONAL

PLAGIARISM)

Mempergunakan pre-written papers dari Internet

or sumber lain.

Menggandakan artikel dari internet atau data

base elektronik tanda memberikan kuotasi atau

pengakuan.

Cutting and pasting dari satu atau lebih

sumber tanpa kuotasi.

Meminjam kata-kata atau ide orang lain tanpa

memberikan pengakuan (sitasi).

MLA handbook for writers of research papers. (7th ed.). The Modern Language Association of America. New

York: 2009. Print.

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PLAGIAT JENIS 1: PLAGIAT KATA-KATA

Salah: Plagiarism is

the reproduction of

someone else’s words,

ideas or findings and

presenting them as one’s

own without proper

acknowledgement.

Benar: Plagiarism is

the “reproduction of

someone else’s words,

ideas or findings and

presenting them as one’s

own without proper

acknowledgement”

(Undergraduate Course

Handbook: 2008, p.24)

Menggunakan kata-kata orang lain

tanpa sitasi

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JENIS 2: PLAGIAT STRUKTUR

Paraphrasing tapi tetap menggunakan konstruksi

kalimat asli dengan sitasi.

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PLAGIAT STRUKTUR DARI GAGASAN ATAU

ARGUMENTASI

Positive energy is

generated by smiles,

laugher, and

generosity. As a

person meets others,

they receive that

energy and the energy

multiplies until it

comes back to the

original person.

Sumber: Camilla J. Roberts K-State

Honor and Integrity System

Every time you smile at a

messenger, laugh at a

coworker’s joke, thank an

assistant, or treat a stranger

with graciousness and respect,

you throw off positive energy.

That energy makes an

impression on the other

person that, in turn, is passed

along to and imprinted on the

myriad others he or she meets.

Such imprints have a

multiplier effect. And

ultimately, those favorable

impressions find their way

back to you.

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MOSAIK

Positive energy coming

from when you smile at a

messenger or thank an

assistant makes and

impression. In turn, this

is imprinted on others and

will find their way back to

you.

Every time you smile at a

messenger, laugh at a

coworker’s joke, thank an

assistant, or treat a stranger

with graciousness and respect,

you throw off positive energy.

That energy makes an

impression on the other

person that, in turn, is passed

along to and imprinted on the

myriad others he or she meets.

Such imprints have a

multiplier effect. And

ultimately, those favorable

impressions find their way

back to you.

Picture from: http://shakespearessister.blogspot.com/2007/03/project-shaker-

mosaic-update.html

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Plagiat Ide:

Menyajikan ide orang

lain tanpa

memberikan

pengakuan.

Mengirim sebuah

makalah tanpa men-

sitasi atau sitasi yang

salah dari ide orang

lain.

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PLAGIAT IDE

Positive energy can come from a laugh of a co-worker’s joke.

Sumber: Camilla J. Roberts K-State Honor and Integrity System

Every time you smile at a messenger, laugh at a coworker’s joke, thank an assistant, or treat a stranger with graciousness and respect, you throw off positive energy. That energy makes an impression on the other person that, in turn, is passed along to and imprinted on the myriad others he or she meets. Such imprints have a multiplier effect. And ultimately, those favorable impressions find their way back to you.

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JENIS 4: PLAGIAT KEPENGARANGAN

Mengubah

kepengarangan

dari karya orang

lain.

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JENIS 5: PLAGIAT DENGAN DIRI SENDIRI

Menggunakan

pekerjaan

sebelumnya untuk

tugas yang lain –

meskipun ide dan

kata-kata yang

digunakan asli dari

diri sendiri

Menggunakan

sebagian besar

(>60%) karya sendiri

yang sudah

dipublikasi untuk

makalah baru.

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Sanksi Plagiat ?

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http://gladstone.vsb.bc.ca/library/cheating/

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SANKSI PLAGIAT

Bentuk sanksi: Mata

kuliah

• Tugas

mendapatkan skor

nol

• Tidak lulus mata

kuliah

Bentuk sanksi:

Makalah

• Makalah ditolak

• Makalah ditarik

dari

jurnal/prosiding

Plagiat dengan sengaja atau tanpa

sengaja, keduanya mendapatkan sanksi

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PELANGGARAN NORMA

AKADEMIK:

SANKSI & KASUS DI ITB

[CONTOH]

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KECURANGAN AKADEMIK DAN SANKSINYA

Lulusan ITB yang berbudi luhur hanya dapat dicapai melalui

pendidikan yang mengikuti norma-norma akademik yang luhur.

Dengan demikian, tindakan yang bertentangan dengan norma

akademik merupakan pelanggaran yang patut dan harus dihindari.

Pasal 8.1 Kecurangan Akademik

Mahasiswa Institut Teknologi Bandung dilarang melakukan perbuatan

sebagai berikut:

a. Melakukan kecurangan pada waktu ujian, dengan cara menggunakan atau

mencoba menggunakan informasi, bahan-bahan, atau alat bantu studi lainnya

pada saat ujian, kecuali atas izin instruktur atau dosen yang berkepentingan.

b. Mengganti, mengubah, atau memalsukan nilai, transkrip akademik, KTM (Kartu

Tanda Mahasiswa), KSM (Kartu Studi Mahasiswa), tugas-tugas perkuliahan,

laporan, surat-surat keterangan, maupun tanda tangan dalam lingkup kegiatan

akademik, serta atribut-atribut lain yang digunakan untuk kehidupan kampus.

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c. Menyediakan sarana atau prasarana yang dapat menyebabkan

terjadinya kecurangan kegiatan akademik.

d. Menggunakan kata-kata atau karya orang lain sebagai

kata-kata atau karya sendiri dalam suatu kegiatan

akademik tanpa menyebutkan acuan yang dipakai.

e. Mempengaruhi atau mencoba mempengaruhi orang lain dengan

cara membujuk, memberi hadiah, atau mengancam, dengan

tujuan memperoleh kemudahan dalam menyelesaikan ujian, tugas

mandiri, laporan praktikum, dan sebagainya.

f. Menggantikan kedudukan atau melakukan kegiatan untuk

kepentingan orang lain dalam kegiatan akademik, seperti

kuliah, ujian, praktikum, atau menyelesaikan tugas

akademik lainnya, baik atas permintaan orang lain

maupun kehendak sendiri.

g. Menyuruh orang lain, baik sivitas akademika Institut Teknologi

Bandung maupun orang di luar Institut Teknologi Bandung,

untuk menggantikan kedudukan atau melakukan tugas-tugas

akademik, baik untuk kepentingan sendiri maupun orang lain.

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PLAGIARISME?ITB (Pasal 8.1.d):

Menggunakan kata-kata atau karya orang

lain

sebagai kata-kata atau karya sendiri dalam

suatu

kegiatan akademik tanpa menyebutkan

acuan

yang dipakai

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CONTOH PELANGGARAN BERAT

Kasus Plagiat:

Menyalin utuh tugas rekannya dan mengganti nama menjadi nama ybs.

Menyalin bagian Tesis S2 untuk penulisan Tugas Akhir(skripsi) -Sanksi TA dibatalkan dan tidak lulus.

Tesis S2: 70% berasal dari Tesis S2 di luar ITB

Disertasi S3: Mengambil hasil riset dari seorang profesor di LN dan mengakui sebagai bagian dari disertasinya – Sanksi gelar S3 dibatalkan

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TESIS S2 LEMBAR PERNYATAAN

PERNYATAAN

Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa:

1. Tesis ini sepenuhnya merupakan hasil karya sayasendiri yang dilaksanakan sejak saya secara resmidinyatakan memulai TI6090 Tesis pada Program Magister Teknik dan Manajemen Industri - ITB

2. Hal-hal yang bukan merupakan karya saya sendiri, telah dinyatakan dan dicantumkan denganmenggunakan cara mengutip (sitasi) yang sesuai.

3. Tesis ini belum pernah saya ajukan untukmemperoleh gelar akademik lainnya.

Bandung, 201X

Si PulanMateri diambil dari: Library Guide on

Harvard Referencing, RMIT

University

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SANKSI

Sanksi merupakan salah satu

bagian dalam proses pendidikan,

dengan tujuan menyadarkan

mahasiswa atas pelanggaran norma

akademik yang telah dilakukannya.

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SANKSI

Pelaku perbuatan tersebut pada Pasal 8.1 dapat

dikenakan sanksi berdasarkan tingkat

pelanggaran yang telah dilakukan, yakni berupa:

a) Peringatan lisan atau tertulis.

b) Skorsing atau tidak diperkenankan

untuk mendapatkan pelayanan

akademik selama kurun waktu

tertentu.

c) Status kemahasiswaannya dicabut

secara permanen.

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PENCEGAHAN PLAGIAT: [HARUS

OTENTIK]

Mengembangkan suatu topik berdasarkan bahan

tertulis sebelumnya tetapi menuliskan sesuatu

yang baru dan original.

Mengembangkan pendapat pakar

Memberikan pengakuan kepada peneliti lain

pada saat menunjukkan kontribusi Anda.

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KEBIASAAN BAIK UNTUK

PENELITI/MAHASISWA

Menghidari copying pada saat anda

mencatat; gunakan kata-kata (ide) sendiri.

Pada saat mencatat, pastikan anda

menuliskan referensi legkap dari sumber,

termasuk nomer hal.

Pelihara sitasi, referensi lengkap, no. hal,

kuotasi.

Menulis draf tanpa catatan.

Jika ragu Sitasi!

Minta saran!

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SITUS YANG TERKAIT DENGAN PLAGIAT

www.centralia.edu/academics/writingcenter/

http://owl.waol.org/

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handou

ts/research/r_plagiar.html

http://www.virtualsalt.com/antiplag.h

tm

http://www.psa.ac.uk/psanews/0403/pl

agiarism.htm

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TERIMA

KASIH

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AVOIDING PLAGIARISM:

Modified APA style of referencing…

Mrs. McGowan, Teacher-Librarian (2011)

Adapted from Ms. E. Hansen, QE (2006)

Adapted from Ms. M. Mirka, Centennial (2004)

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Punctuation1. Quotation marks “ ” enclose quotations of

less than 40 words and are included in the

sentence or text, then the citation.

2. Quotations of more than 40 words are

indented five spaces from the left margin

and are double-spaced in a free-standing

block (example later). They are also known as

a Block Quotation.

3. Just before the long quotation starts, type a

colon: then indent your long quotation (block

quotation). (then your citation after the period)

4. Brackets ( ) enclose information about the

source of the quotation (this is the citation).

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Quotation Examples…

1. less than 40 words:

He confirms our suspicions.

“Because N-Gen children are born with

technology, they assimilate it. Adults must

accommodate – a different and much more

difficult learning process”_ (Tapscott,

1998, p. 40). (Punctuation is only after in-text citation.)

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PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS

Personal communications include e-mail letters, telephone

conversations, interviews, etc.

They are mentioned in the body of a paper only, as they are

not locatable.

They are cited (see below), but NEVER included in your

reference list, because a reader cannot refer to or locate

them later.

Author Martine Bates (personal

communication, January 25, 2011) is

excited about Marwen’s latest adventures

and hopes her readers are too.

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CITING ELECTRONIC SOURCES(INTERNET, ONLINE COMMUNITIES, ETC)

For electronic sources that do not provide page

numbers:

Use the paragraph number, if available, preceded

by the paragraph symbol ¶ or the abbreviation

para.

If neither paragraph nor page numbers are visible,

cite the heading and the number of the paragraph

following it to direct the reader to the location of the

material (APA, 2010, Section 7.11).

(Myers, 2008, ¶ 5)

(Beutler, 2000, Conclusion section, para. 1)(APA Style, 2005, para. 3)

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CITING INTERNET SOURCES OR SOURCES

WITH NO AUTHOR

Many times, you will encounter and need to cite a

resource that does not have an author. It might be a

Corporation. We are used to doing citations using the

author’s last name. However, this is not always

possible.

REFERENCE LISTING of resources that do not have

authors:

No Author

Sports nutrition: Nutrition science & the Olympics.

(2008). Retrieved from

http://btc.montana.edu/olympics/nutrition/default.htm

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Corporate Author

Centre for Systems Science at Simon Fraser University. [Image]. (2009). Great Canadian scientists. Retrieved from http://fas.sfu.ca/css/gcs/main.html

Romeo and Juliet [CD-ROM]. (1997). New York: Columbia.

**Use the first few words of the title or corporate author if no author’s name is given

Examples:

Many people feel that eating healthy foods can help your performance playing sports: “It is a proven fact that eating a nutritious meal prior to a game will increase performance” (Sports Nutrition, 1998).

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Why use the American Psychological Association (APA) format

regarding references?

It is very widely recognized and an authoritative source for references

and citations in research work. APA is frequently used in local

universities. It is not the only form.

What other forms are there?

MLA, Turabian, Chicago – Use what the instructor asks!

APA Website

University of Calgary

Son of Citation Machine