Plagiarism Quotations Paraphrases and Summaries3

7/25/2019 Plagiarism Quotations Paraphrases and Summaries3

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Plagiarism and ways to avoid

plagiarism : citing skills


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What to discuss?Plagiarism in Academic

Writing

Citing skills: quotation,

paraphrase, and summary


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Plagiarism in AcademicWriting


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Group work

Read the article Plagiarism in theAcademic Community and answerthe gien questions on:

! "e#nition o$ plagiarism! Penalties $or plagiarism

! % categories o$ plagiarism


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"e#nitions

! &the wrong$ul appropriation orpurloining, and pu'lication as onesown, o$ the ideas, or the e(pression o$

ideas )literary, artistic, musical,mechanical, etc*+ o$ another

)-mhoo$, .aurice and /erman /udson,0123+


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"e#nitions

! &Copying o$ anotherpersonsideas, words orwork and pretendthat

they are your own*) 4($ord Adanced 5enie+


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"e#nitions

! &6ou are kidnappingorstealingsomeone elsesideas or words and

presenting them as i$ theywere your own*

) the 7niersity o$.el'ourne+


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"e#nitions

! &Plagiarism means usinganother8s work withoutgiving credit

)http:99sa*ucdais*edu9aoid*htm+
http://sja.ucdavis.edu/avoid.htmhttp://sja.ucdavis.edu/avoid.htmhttp://sja.ucdavis.edu/avoid.htmhttp://sja.ucdavis.edu/avoid.htm


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"e#nitions

! Plagiarism is the&unacknowledged useo$some'ody elses words or

ideas*)http:99owl*english*purdue*edu+
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/http://owl.english.purdue.edu/


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;ask: "ecide whether the $ollowing

actions in academic writing areplagiarism or not

!


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! /iring someone to write

your thesis 'ecause youare so 'usy teaching*

! 7sing your own

e(perience and #ndings

! Carelessly $orgetting toinclude quotation marksor a re$erence to showwhose words or ideas youare using*


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;ypes o$ plagiarism


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"iscussion

! Why Asian students aremore likely to plagiari=e?


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Cultural reasons

! Con$ucianism appreciatesyour wide knowledge o$others ideas

! Community senseadocates common use


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Academic reasons

!;e(t>'ased learningcreates rote learners

!;raditional teaching

approach creates passielearners

! o emphasis in propercitations in writing, 'othin @ietnamese and ;s


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Why plagiarism 'ad?

!6ou are cheatingyoursel$'y plagiari=ing*

! Plagiarism devalues

others8 original work*! Plagiarism is a serious

ofencein scholarship*

! Plagiarism is unethical.


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Punishments $or plagiarism

!


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! )D+ ;he works mentionedin this Article shall enoyprotection in all

countrieso$ the 7nion*;his protection shalloperate $or the 'ene#t o$the author and his

successors in title*


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! Postgraduate studies, CE,@7:

!;he plagiarism policy will

'e strictly en$orced*Fuspected plagiarism will'e checked and casesre$erred to the

Postgraduate Ftudies"epartment*


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!oon errors that could

"e consideredplagiaris

! No quotation marks aroundborrowed language

! Paraphrase that uses theexact language or sentencestructure of a source

! Inaccurate or incompletereferences


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#ow to avoid unintentional

plagiaris$! )0+ Gnowing what toacknowledge:

!;hree sources: )0+ your

independent thoughts ande(periencesB )H+ commonknowledge, the 'asicin$ormation people shareB

and )%+ other peoplesindependent thoughtsand e%periences.


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/ow to aoid unintentional

plagiarism?! )H+ 5ie credit $or copied,adapted, or paraphrasedmaterial:

! -$ you repeat another8se(act words, you &'()use quotation marks andcite the source*

! -$ you adapt a chart orparaphrase a sentence,you must still cite*


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plagiarism?! )%+ Aoiding using others

work with minor cosmetic

changes, $or instance:! 7sing IlessI $or I$ewer

! Reersing the order o$ asentence,

! Altering a spread>sheetlayout*


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plagiarism?! )J+ When in dou't, cite*

!


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;ask: "etect any plagiarism )i$ any+ inthe $ollowing writing

! " In research writing, sources arecited for two reasons: to alertreaders to the sources of yourinformation and to give credit tothe writers from whom you haveborrowed words and ideas"

! In research writing, sources arecited to alert readers to thesources of your information andto give credit to the writers fromwhom you have borrowed wordsand ideas


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! " In research writing, sourcesare cited for two reasons: to

alert readers to the sources ofyour information and to givecredit to the writers from whom

you have borrowed words and

ideas"! In research writing, we cite

sources for a couple of reasons:to notify readers of our

information sources and givecredit to those from whom wehave borrowed !acker#


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! " In research writing, sourcesare cited for two reasons: to

alert readers to the sources ofyour information and to givecredit to the writers from whom

you have borrowed words and

ideas"!$ researcher cites her sources

to ensure her audience knowswhere she got her information,

and to recogni%e and credit theoriginal work !acker, &''(:)*++


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Citing skills


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"e#nition > Paraphrase

To paraphrase L to restate a portion o$ a te(twith the purpose, usually, o$ clari$ying it*

! A paraphrase is a'out the same length as theoriginal passage*

! A paraphrase should not include any o$ thewords $rom the original passage, nor should it$ollow the same sentence structure as theoriginal passage, ust changing oca'ulary*

! Paraphrased in$ormation must 'e accompanied'y a citation, or in>te(t re$erence to the source

! Eailure to proide citation will 'e interpreted 'yothers as plagiarism, een i$ you list the sourcein your 'i'liography*


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"e#nition

! To quoteL to copye(actly a portion o$ a te(t,with the purpose o$

presenting the author8sactual words


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*%aplesriginal -ext

I-$ you8re coping with an illness or want

to e(change iews a'out a medical

topic, you8ll want to #nd your way to a

newsgroup* "espite the name, these are

not collections o$ news items* ;hey are,

in eMect, irtual 'ulletin 'oards open to

anyone who cares to participate* ;hemessages generally consist o$ plain te(tI

)Fchwart= HN+*


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*%aple o+ Paraphrase

-n a recent .onsumer /eports article,the author suggests #nding areleant newsgroup i$ you hae aparticular medical pro'lem or i$ you

want to talk with others a'out amedical su'ect* ewsgroups areonline 'ulletin 'oards that areaaila'le to anyoneB in spite o$ their

name, they are not news reports*Anyone who wishes to may oin in anewsgroup discussion)Fchwart= HN+*


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*%aple o+ Attepted Paraphrase )hats !lassied as Plagiaris

0ased on the quotation above:

Wheneer you are dealing with a disease orneed to talk a'out a medical su'ect, you

should look $or a newsgroup* * * *


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*%aple o+ suary

ewsgroups, online discussiongroups open to any participant, are ause$ul resource $or anyone concerned

a'out speci#c medical issues*)Fchwart= HN+*


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*%aple o+ -uotation

People concerned a'out medicalissues may #nd it help$ul to look$or a releant newsgroup*

Fchwart= )HN+ points out that,I"espite the name, these are notcollections o$ news items* ;heyare, in eMect, irtual 'ulletin'oards open to anyone who cares

to participate* I


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When not to quote material?

! "o not quote passagemerely to #ll in space

! "o not quote passages as

a su'stitute $or thinking*! "o not quote passages

'ecause you do notunderstandthe authorsideas well enough toparaphrase them*


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/ow much should - quote?

Consider quoting a passage $rom oneo$ your sources i$ any o$ the$ollowing conditions holds:

! ;he language o$ the passage isparticularly elegant or power$ul ormemora'le*

! 6ou wish to con#rm the credi'ility o$your argument 'y enlisting thesupport o$ an authority on your topic*

! ;he passage is worthy o$ $urtheranalysis*

! 6ou wish to argue with someoneelse8s position in considera'le detail


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Alternaties to quotations

-$ an argument or a $actual account$rom one o$ your sources isparticularly releant to your paper'ut does not desere to 'e quoted

er'atim, consider! paraphrasingthe passage i$ youwish to coney the points in thepassage at roughly the same leel o$detail as in the original

! suariingthe releant passagei$ you wish to sketch only the mostessential points in the passage


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-ntegrating quotations into your writing

Block quotations:

! 7se with longer quotations*

! Eollow APA guidelines )seehandout on APA guidelines+


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ntegrated -uotations

Introduce the quotation withappropriate verb

Precede with a coma

Qmploy a er' o$ saying

that #ts the oerall tone

o$ your essay


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Pair work

! ist the reporting er's o$the three patterns

! Check your list with otherpairs lists


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Paraphrase vs. (uaryParaphrase 0oth (uary

Re>states theauthors words

Coers a short passage Coers a longer passage

-ncludes all the points inthe original passage -ncludes only the mainideas o$ the originalpassage

7ses your own

words

-s a'out the samelength as the original

passage

-s a'out DST shorterthan the original passage

Preseres theemphasis o$ theoriginal passage


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"iscussion

When should paraphrase,

and when should

suarie$


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#ow to write a

paraphrase$0* Read, reread, and annotatethe material*

H* Change words in thepassage*

.hange the verbs

J* Change the sentencestructure in the passage*

3* Com'ine sentences $ound inthe source te(t*

D* 7npack sentences $ound inthe source te(t*


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#ow to write a suary$

0* Read, reread, and annotate thematerial, paying particular attention tothe content and structure o$ the piece*

0e sure to note:

! ;he thesis*

! ;he primary assertions, arguments, or#ndings and,

! ;he primary means o$ support $or each point*

H* Write one>sentence summaries o$ eachsection o$ the te(t*

%* Write the #rst dra$t o$ your summary

J* Check the rough dra$t o$ your summaryagainst the source te(t

3* Rewrite the summary*


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1ualities o+ a good

suary! %omprehensie: it coneys all theimportant in$ormation in the reading*

! Brief:-t coneys this in$ormation

concisely

! !ccurate: -t correctly coneys theauthors ideas, #ndings, or arguments

! &eutral: -t aoids udgments concerning

the readings topic or style*

! 'ndependent: -t makes sense to someonewho has not read the source te(t*

(!dapted from )ilhoit, *+++


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Plagiarism Quotations Paraphrases and Summaries3

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