Pk- Individual Different

8/9/2019 Pk- Individual Different

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Individual differences are the

variation we observe among

members of any group in aparticular characteristics, such as

temperament, energy level,

friendship patterns and parent-childattachmentBorich and Tombari (1997)


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INDIVIDUAL

DIFFERENCES

COGNITIVE PHYSICAL

FAMILYBACKGROUND

POTENTIAL

SOCIO-EMOTION


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"Cognitive development" means how wedevelop thinking; acquire the skills weneed to be able to think. Often these"thinking skills" are the ones necessary

for our social and academic success.Cognition is intertwined with the abilityto understand and use language, but itgoes beyond language into spatial,

mathematical, artistic, interpersonal andemotional understandings which cannot beexpressed easily, if at all, with words.


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Young children is heavily dependent upontheir ability to mimic, watch and listen.Then they practice what they've seen orheard. "Practicing" means trying, failing -

trying, failing; then trying again until newskills become automatic. For babies thesesocial and "academic" skills includelearning to wave bye-bye, blow kisses,

lifting their arms to get someone to pickthem up, stacking blocks, imitating soundsand words, and making marks on a page.


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Ability to think

and draw

conclusion

Logical

thinking

Ability in

languagesCounting

Imagination


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Between 2

and 3 years

Between 6

and 7 years

Between 9and 14 years

About 4 years


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Able to use fingers to show howold they are.

Tell how simple objects are used.

Begin to use a preferred hand.

Between 2 and 3 years


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Children typically are able to identify and name somenumbers and colors.

Speak in complete sentences, draw a recognizable person,and complete simple puzzles.

Some may be printing their names, a few numbers orsimple words.

Socially, most 4-year-olds are quite good at pretend play,helping with basic household chores, and gaining attention by"performing" for peers and adults.

5-year-olds can relate experiences they've had (and makeup some quite creative tales as well!) They can name somecoins, count to 30 or so, print their names, recognize andname at least some letters of the alphabet, and may beginto learn sounds associated with the letters.

About 4 years


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Most kids learn to use the telephone and ride a 2-wheeler,

Write numbers to 50 or beyond, read simple stories andre-tell them.

They understand time concepts like "next year" and canclassify items into categories such as "furniture" or "fruits"versus "vegetables."

They usually have a basic understanding of and are ableto use money. They may begin to read for pleasure andmay write short stories, letters or e-mail messages.



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Most kids learn to evaluate information

as having come from a particular point ofview.

They read in order to learn, and theirreading and speaking vocabularies grow to

about 40,000 words



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SHAPE OF

THE BODY

TYPE OF

HAIR

COLOUR OF

EYESCOLOUR OF

SKIN

HEIGHT

The physical differences can be seen

by;


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SHAPE OF THE BODY

W.H. Sheldon (1940)

ENDORMORPHIC MESOMORPHIC ECTOMORPHIC


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Known as bulatAdvantages - weight

Soft-spokenSociable and friendly

PoliteRelax

HappyPopular


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Have muscles bodyTough and heavy body

Thick skinActive in sportAthlete

A lot of energy

Assertive


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The highest in classSkinny

Look slimIntrovert personality

Shy and quiet

Focus to himself onlyNot sociable


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Focus to the matured emotionskill.

The excellent emotion andsocial development are the keywhich influenced the students

successful.


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POSITIVE NEGATIVE

Loving

Caring

Happy

Excited

Angry

Hate

Selfish

Afraid


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PHISIOLOGY ATTITUDE COGNITIVE

Include thechanges of biologyelements.

Example:

Chasing by thedog

The heartbeating quickly

All about attitude

Example:

Run away whenchasing by thebear

Cognitive ismeasured byconversation.

Example:

When lying,he willstammer.


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Heredity Surrounding

Parentalinvolvement


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Each person will inherit several theirparents features from the genetic

process.

The person will inherit their parentsfaces, intelligence, temperament,activities level, personality, language

style and interest.


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Means that, each object and event thathappen in your life will influence yourgrowth and self development.

The surrounding that influenced theindividual are including attachment amongchildren and their parent, siblings, family

members, teachers, friends, and manymore.


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Tend to be more involved in extra curricular activities

Provide a focal point for parent- child interaction.

Talk to the children more.

Provide reason for rules, their language ismore elaborate, their direction areclearer and more likely to encourage

problem solving.


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Provide their children witheducation and more formal training

outside of school such as dance,music.

Encourage students to graduate.


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The ways how the parents guide their childrenare different.

Authoritarian

Authoritative

Disregard

Indulgent


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Rules and punishment.

Wants their children to respect them.

Conversation between parents andchildren are not aloud.

The children are normally unsociable.

They afraid about competition, lack ofskill in communication.


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Encourage their children to beindependent and guide their behavior.

Children are aloud to have conversationwith parents.

Parents support and observe theirdevelopment.

Children are more sociable, can bemore independent, patient.


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Act primitive- do not involved with theirchildren life.

Busy with other things and does notrealize their children behavior.

The children are unsociable,uncontrolled themselves if they are givena freedom and non- motivatedachievement.


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Parents involved their children but theirchildren had lack of disciplined.

The parents believe that by giving theirchildren freedom, will produce a creativeand confident individual.

Consequently, their children are an able

to control their behavior in community.


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ACADEMIC SPORT

SKILLCREATIVITY


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Each person has their ownintelligencelevel.

Example:

Childrenthat have high intelligencelevel are

normally pick up inthe class. Usually, they will

showtheirtalentduringthelearning and activities

session.

Also theireffortis theelementto achieve

success.


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BOY GIRL

MOREACTIVETHAN GIRL

AGGRESSIVE

USUALLY

PL

AYINDOOR GAMES

LIKE BABY DOLL


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individual has their own skill anddifferencefrom

the others.

Example:

For students, they have counting, reading and

writing skills.

Other skills: sewing, playingfootball and many

more.


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Students show their own creativity indrawing or sharing ideas.

Usually, it can be seen in early childhood.


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Pk- Individual Different

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