UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SIWES TECHNICAL REPORT Presented By ANYAMAOBI NWANKWO PIUS MAT. NUMBER: U2007/3025224 ATTACHED AT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING WORKSHOP UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT
Nov 08, 2014
UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURTFACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SIWES TECHNICAL REPORT
Presented By
ANYAMAOBI NWANKWO PIUSMAT. NUMBER: U2007/3025224
ATTACHED AT
SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING WORKSHOPUNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT
FEBRUARY, 2012.
DEDICATION
I dedicate this industry training report to the Supreme Being
God, the Father Almighty, who kept me alive throughout the
duration of these six months of industrial training period.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I remain sincerely grateful to my supervisor Mr. Israel Anyanwu,
I also thank the head of Mechanical Engineering Department Dr
J.C. Ofudu, and senior staffs of Mechanical Engineering
Department Prof. D.P.S Abam, Prof John .U. Okoli, Prof C.O.C
Oko, Dr Harold .U. Nwosu, Dr O.M.O Etebu and all other staff of
Mechanical Engineering Department.
My heart goes to my director Dr Evbuomwan, B.O. who
confirmed my appointment and also gave me professional
advice.
I cannot afford to put aside the Chief Technician Mr. F.O.
Ochimba and all other technician and staffs at the workshop
who have actually, an instrument in impacting this knowledge
in me.
Above all I thank my parents and siblings who gave me both
financial and moral support.
ABSTRACT
Metal cutting or “Machining” is the process of using machine
tool and cutting tool in combination to reduce the shape of a
material to some desired and specific shape and size
(dimension).
During my industrial wok experience scheme at Science and
Engineering Workshop (SEW) work, fabricated and welding
operations Which include the production of floor mop, metal
stool, production of nuts and bolts, bearing sitter, solar fish
drier etc.
Most of these processes involve the use of machine tools such
as lathe machine, drilling, shaping, guillotine, true fold
machine, welding machine etc. Some of the jobs done were for
industrial use, fixing up of some spoilt machine
parts/production of intricate part of machine and for some the
final year student projects etc.
CHAPTER ONE
THE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING WORKSHOP (SEW)
1.1 INTRODUCTION
My SIWES training was with Science and Engineering
Workshop in the University of Port Harcourt Choba
(UNIPORT). In this period my work in workshop was mainly
on machining operations. The training experience exposed
me to the effective use of machine tools as well as cutting
tools for proper production processes.
My areas of training was on the use of lathe, drilling
machine, shaping machine, hack saw, grinding machine,
bench vice, guillotine, folding/true fold machine etc.
Furthermore, the various problems encountered during
the period of my SIWES training and the relevance of the
SIWES program to us as undergraduate is also highlighted
in this report.
Conclusively, this report underscores the various ways of
improving the SIWES programme in order to ensure
successful training of subsequent students who undergo
the SIWES training.
1.2 HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
WORKSHOP (SEW)
The faculty of Engineering had not come into existence in
the 1980’s when the Science and Engineering Workshop
was initially established. It was formally called the Physic
Workshop under the directorship of Prof .A.O Avwaraye
and Mr. Frederick Onoshorkpo as the chief technologist. In
1983 after the establishment of the faculty of Engineering,
it became necessary to expand the workshop so as to
accommodate the faculty. Under the directorship of Dr
Nkpadi and Mr. Frederick as chief technologist, the
workshop acquired its current site and changed to Science
and Engineering Workshop 1988.
Currently under the directorship of Dr Benson .W. Oriji and
Mr. F.O.Ochimba as the chief technologist, the Science
and Engineering Workshop has helped to facility some
project for final year undergraduate in fabrication, as well
as to provide technical support for research activities in
the form of project construction and instrumentation for
academic staff and graduate research students.
1.2.1Organization Chart Of The Science and Engineering
Workshop(SEW)
1.3 VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS OF SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP (SEW).
The Science and Engineering Workshop (SEW) comprise of
the following departments:
1.3.1Welding/Machining Department
These departments are controlled by the chief
technologist alongside with other technicians.
Basically, this is the largest department in the
Science and Engineering Workshop (SEW). It comprises of
several other parts like lathe, drilling, milling, shaping,
grinding, and welding sections.
These department primary objectives are in the design
and fabrication of mechanical components and products
like nuts and bolts, pulleys, gears, threads, chamfering
etc. This was the department where I was attached during
my six months industrial training experience.
1.3.2Electrical/Electronics Department
This department is headed by Mr. Oribi Johnson. They are
concerned with electrical works like rewinding of
generators, and motors, repairs of electronics, phones and
the design of electrical boards. They also ensure that the
machines in the workshop are electrically viable.
1.3.3 Woodwork Department
In this is the department where various kinds of wood
works are done. They are involved in making of office
chairs and tables, engineering drawing boards for year
one students, class room chairs and desk, notice board,
and so many other wood works for the university.
1.3.4 Glass-Blowing Department
This department is head by Mr. George the department is
involved in manufacture, construction, maintenance and
repair of the university laboratory equipments. The
apparatus produced here are; burette, pipette, glass
manometer, conical flask etc.
1.3.5Administrative Department
This department is headed by a director which is fully in
charge of the workshop and other staff like senior
executive officer, higher executive officer, senior clerical
officer, computer operator, caretaker and cleaner.
This department takes charge of staff welfare and
remuneration with the day to day running of the
workshop.
CHAPTER TWO
INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE
2.1 Workshop work experience
During my six (6) months of industrial training, all works
were done in the Science and Engineering workshop in
this period, I was able to make use of lathe machine; to
taper turn, the drilling machine: to drill and to chain drill,
hacksaw, shaping machine: to produce keyways, slots and
large number of things as regards to engineering practice
and workshop practices.
2.2 MAJOR PROJECT EXECUTED DURING SIWES PERIOD
In the machining section where I was attached, we were
made to apply theoretical principles we acquired in the
class room alongside the practical knowledge we gained in
the workshop to execute series of projects, some of which
includes:
i. Production Floor Mop
ii. Production of Metal Stool
iii. Production of Nuts and Bolts
iv. Production of Bearing Sitter
v. Building of a Solar Fish Drier.
i. Production of Floor Mop
This device is used for cleaning of floors. It was built with a
remote control which enhanced its operational use. This
device is an assembly of a 125X150X225mm rectangular
tank, a cylindrical metal tank (drum with foam piece), a
metal tray, a rear wheel, a front wheel, an electrical
motor, scrapper, battery, brain box, pulleys, belt and
improvised remote which was used in the control and was
connected to the housing by the means of an electrical
cable.
The operations carried out on this project are; marking out
of specified dimensions, cutting into shapes, folding the
cylindrical tank (drum foam), welding of the various
components to the base and joining of the wheels to the
base with screws. The device is shown in appendix A.
ii. Production of a Metal Stool
Metal stool is used in most of the engineering laboratories.
Materials used: square iron (metal), angular iron (metal),
screws, polished wood.
Machine/tools used: true fold machine, hack saw, screw
fastener, bench vice and harmer. The process include: The
cutting of square iron (metals) into four (4) desired length
of each 800mm, which was used for the legs. Cutting and
folding of an angular iron (metal) to square sides of
250x250mm (the housing for the bed/top sit also known
as squared trays for the bed /top sit). Shaping and
planning of the polished wood (bed/top sit) would help to
fit in the squared tray.
Assembly of the legs and tray was done by welding
process to make the chassis. Lastly, fitting of the bed into
the chassis of the metal stool by the use of a screw and a
screw fastener completed the process.
The major operations: cutting operations, shaping
planning operation, folding operation, and lastly joining
process (temporarily and permanently).
The diagram of the metal stool is shown in appendix B.
iii. Production of Nuts and Bolts.
The bolts and nuts are components used for temporarily
joining machine parts. The nut is produced by machining a
mild steel rod with a six sides of diameter of 40mm was
measured and cut to a 2inch size. This was taken to the
lathe machine to be faced taking cognizance of
dimensions. The nuts we produced were 12mm nuts
hence we with a 10.5mm drill bit was drilled, with
10.5mm drill bit before tapping with 12mm tap and
wrench to thread it internally. And this was done for the
nut.
The for the bolt, a rod was cut a length of 50mm and then
threaded on the lathe externally, whose thread pitch
coincide with that of the nut, the threading was done by
setting of the gears on the lathe and the thread pitch on
the lathe.
Material/machines used: mild steel, the lathe, drilling
machine, file and a venire caliper.
The diagram is shown in appendix C.
iv. Production of a Bearing Sitter/Dice Holder
The bearing sitter is a circular material made of mild
carbon steel. There are bearings are fitted before they
could be attached to a device.
Process: It’s a round circular material whose diameter
almost equal to that of a bearing with a thickness of about
3.5mm is gotten, and machined until it conforms to the
diameter and size of the bearing.
Afterwards the material is drilled to a diameter of about
12.5mm; one side was then machine to fit the bearing into
the material. We made several of the bearing sitters as
well as the dice holder, which share similar process.
The machining tools used were boring tool and a drill bit of
12.5mm. These are used to make a hollow to the size of
the bearing fitted.
The diagram is shown in Appendix D.
v. Building of a Solar Fish Drier.
A solar fish drier is a fish drying device that uses the heat
(solar energy) from the sun for its operation. The solar fish
drier was made in the form of a house.
Process: To make the solar fish drier, a frame was made,
with some numerous of plywood’s to a given
measurement, the plywood’s were cut into various shapes
and sizes and nailed to form the skeleton of the housing of
the solar fish drier.
Afterward they are filled with saw – dust and top bond, to
cover every opening between them. Four angled metal
were cut to the size to fit in the house, which served as a
base for the gauze tray, which was made with help of the
true fold.
The tray fit into the entrance of the house. A flat PVC
material was bought and cut to the size of the house; this
was used to cover the frame of the house.
But the solar fish drier hard an entrance where the tray
get suit, a door was created with the PVC material open
and close the fish drier and a black sheet of material is
plastered to the inside walls of the solar fish drier.
Summary materials used: woods, nails, polyvinylchloride
(PVC), screws, gauze tray metal sheet, a transparent
glass, a black sheet of material.
Note that the transparent glass helps to trap sun light and
it’s been absorbed by the black body inside the solar fish
which is the power source of the device. The diagram is
shown in Appendix E.
2.3 UNITS OF WORKSHOP TOOLS AND MACHINES
2.3.1Workshop Measuring Tool
Measurement was a very vital part in machining process
which looks minute but very important. I was really taught
how to make use of various measuring instruments such
as meter rule, measuring tape, venire caliper, micrometer
screw gauge and the various conversions and accuracy.
i. Venire Caliper
This is the most common measuring derive used more
often in the workshop. These instruments are capable
measuring of external, internal, step and depth of a shaft
etc. Measurements are available in a range of measuring
capacities form 150mm to 1000mm.
The venire calipers can be said to have a reading accuracy
of 0.01cm or 0.1mm.
ii. Micrometer
This is used to measure diameters of a very thin piece of
a wire or object. It has a higher reading accuracy than the
venire caliper. The micrometer can be said to have a
reading accuracy of 0.001cm or 0.01mm.
iii. Measuring Tape
It is a very vital tool used in the workshop in a situation
where works to be done are very lengthy.
It is divided into metric and imperial reading. The meter
reading involves; the meter and millimeter measurement
while the imperial reading involves; the inch and foot
measurement.
Conversion:
16 gradient = 1 inch = 25.4mm=2.54cm=0.0254m.
12inch = 304.8mm = 30.48cm = 0.3048m
Also note that 2 feet 3 inch could be represented as 21311
iv. Filler Gauge
The filler gauge is a measuring tool that is used in a
compartment where the venire caliper cannot measure.
That is filler gauge goes into such a compartment, gets
the gauge of that compartment then the venires caliper
take the measurement from the gauge.
v. Thread Gauge
This is a measuring tool that has two (2) sides the metric
and the imperial side. They are used to determine the
pitch thread.
2.3.2 Hand Tool
Hand tools are used for the removal of small quantity of
material usually from small areas of a work piece. This
may be done because no machine is available, the work
piece is too large to go on a machine, the shape is too
intricate or simply that it would be too expensive to set up
a machine to do the work.
They include:
i. A File
Files are used to perform variety of task, from simple
removal of sharp edges, roughening down, squaring,
finishing surface to produce intricate shapes where the
use of a machine is impracticable.
Files come in various shapes and sizes for the purpose of
filling various shapes and compartment. Types of files
include: flat file, square file, round file, three square, half-
round file, knife file, dread naught file, and needle file are
name according to their shapes and functions.
ii. Knurling Tool
This is a tool used on the lathe machine. It is used to
roughen the surface of a metal cylinder in order to
enhance grip of the material. The knurling tool is a
machine tool that has to two roughed rollers on it, that
actually makes in roughened surface on the cylinder.
iii. Spanners
This is used in loosening and tightening of nuts and bolts.
They vary in sizes depending on the size of the nut or bolt,
the also have different shapes in order to be able to
loosen nuts in various compartments e.g. The socket
spanner, flat spanners etc.
iv. Hammers
In the workshop we use hammers for various operations
which include:
Centre punching a work piece, straightening of flat metal
sheets, shaping of metal sheet and even bending sheet.
v. Hack Saws
These are used in cutting metal bars, pipes and also steel
metals etc for required lengths. Their frames are made
adjustable to enable them take blade of different lengths.
The blades are made of high speed steel (HSS) and
specific by length and pitch.
vi. Chisels
Chisels are used for cutting metal. They are made from
high-carbon steel, hardened and tempered at the cutting
end. In the workshop, the chisels are mostly used in
shaping thin metal steels by use of hammer on its head.
vii. Dies
Dies are used to cut external threads and are available in
size up to approximately 36mm thread diameter. The
common type, for use by hand, is the circular split die,
made from high-speed steel hardened and tempered.
viii. Tri-Square
The tri-square is a measuring device and also is derive to
made accurate lines before cutting. The tri-square is like
our T-square we use it to draws lines for making lines on
our metal sheet before cutting for accuracy.
ix. Taps
Tapping is the operation of cutting an internal thread by
means of a cutting tool known as a tap. These are made
from hardened high-speed steel and are supplied in set of
three.
x. Screw Drivers
The screw driver is one of the most common tools, and is
also the one most misused. Its main purpose is for only to
tighten or loosen screws.
xi Pipe Wrench
This is used mainly for turning pipes and round bars,
clamping around them.
2.3.3Workshop Machining Tool
Machine tools are a power driven machine for making
articles of a given shape, size and accuracy by removing
metal from work piece in the form of chips.
During my industrials training activities we made used of
some machines at the workshop, they include: the lathe
machine, Guillotine, shaping machine, folding/true fold
machine, Drilling machine, welding machine, Bench vice,
steady rest.
i. The Lathe
This is a multipurpose machine tool used for performing a
great variety of machining operation on a wide range of
work piece. This is why it is called a “universe lathe” it is
one of the most widely used in the workshop in almost
every thing.
The work to be machine is rotated (turned) and cutting
tool is moved relative to the job. That is why; the lathes
are also called as “turning machines”. The tool moves
parallel to the axis of rotation of the work piece, cylindrical
surface is produced, if it works perpendicular to the axis, it
produces a flat surface. But many other operations can
also be performed on lathe, they are: facing, parting,
necking, knurling, taper turning, thread cutting, formed,
reaming and drilling, boring, milling, grinding.
Diagram of
lathe machine
Parts of the lathe
The main parts of a centre lathe are: Bed, Head stock, Tail
stoic, carriage and electric drive.
1. Bed
The bed is base or foundation of the lathe. It is a massive
(heavy) and rigid casting made in one piece to resist
deflection and vibration. It holds or supports all other parts
that is, head stock, tail stock and carriage etc.
2. Head Stock
The head stock assembly is permanently fattened to the
left hand end of the lathe. It serves in support the first
operation unit of the lathe, that is, the spindle. The spindle
revolves in bearing, one at each end of the head stock.
3. Tail Stock
Tail stock is on the other end of the bed from the head
stock. Its chief function is to hold the dead centre so that
long work pieces can be supported between centers. It can
be moved along the bed and clamped to the bed at the
various desired location to suit the length of the work
piece.
4. Carriage
In between the headstock and the tail stock is the
carriage. It is movable on the bed ways and its purpose to
hold the cutting tool and to impact to it’s either
longitudinal or cross feed. It has fire major parts:
(a) Saddle- the base of the carriage is the saddle which slides
along the ways of the lathe bed.
(b) Cross-side
The cross stick is mounted on the saddle.
It provides cutting tool motion which is perpendicular to
the centre line of the lathe itself. The cross-feed
movement may be controlled by manual or by power feed.
(c) Compound Rest (Top slide or compound slide)
It is mounted on top of the cross-slide. The compound rest
has a graduated base and can be swiveled around a
vertical axis. The range of compound rest is only limited
and is used for obtaining angular cuts and short tapers, as
well as convenient positioning of the tool to the work.
(d) Tool Post
The tool post is mounted on the compound rest slide in a
T-shot. Cutting tool/tool holder is firmly held in it.
(e) Apron
The apron of secured underneath the saddle and hangs
over from of the bed. It contains the gears, clutches, and
levers for operating the carriage by hand and common
lathe operation.
Diagram from the text page 44g.
Common lathe operation
Lathe Operations
A large variety of operations can be performed on an
engine lathe which includes:
1. Turning (skinning operation).
Turning is the operation to remove material from the
outside diameter of a work piece to obtain a finished
surfaced. The finished surface may be of continuous
diameter, stepped, tapered or contoured. Feed of the tool
for turning operation is along the axis of the lathe i.e. the
position of the cutting boil is parallel to the work piece
(longitudinal/horizontal operation).
2. Facing
Pricing is the operation of machining the end of a work
piece to make the end square with its own axis and that of
the lathe. The tool moves perpendicular to the axis of the
lathe i.e. the positioning of the cutting is perpendicular to
the work piece (transverse operation).
3. Reaming and Drilling
Drilling is the operation of making hole in a work piece
when non-previously existed. Reaming is the operation of
finishing the drilled hole. These operations are done on
lathe by holding the drills and reamers in the tail stock
quill, and the job is held in a chuck and the tools an fed to
the revolving work piece by the rotating the tailstock
handle.
4. Boring
Boring is the operation of enlarging the drilled hole. The
work piece is held in a chuck in the lathe spindle and
boring bar is mounted in the tool post. Boring is done by
moving the carriage towards the head stack.
5. Knurling
It is the operation of plastically displacing metal into a
particular pattern for the purpose of creating a hand grip
or roughed surface on a work piece. The knurling tool is
held in the tool post and is period against surface of the
work piece by cross feed.
6. Milling
For the milling operation, small milling cutters are held in
the head stock and revolved while the work is clamped in
a vice mounted over the top of the compound rest,
instead of the tool post. Used for only small work.
7. Grinding
Cylindrical and intend grinding can be done on a lathe,
with a tool-post grinder.
8. Taper Turning
It is a turning operation that involves two unequal cross
sectional diameter making use of the compound rest
(compound side).
The formula:
Tan α = D-d
2l
Where:
α = Half tape angle,
D = larger diameter,
d= smaller diameter required
l = length of the taper.
After swiveling the compound rest to this angle about the
vertical axis, it is clamped in position. The paper is turned
by hand wheel by rotating the handle.
This was the method we employed in the workshop during
my course. The method can be employed for turning short
internal and external tapers with a large angle of taper,
the work piece commonly held in a chuck.
9. Parting
A parting tool is deeper and narrower than a turning tool.
It is designed for making narrow groves and for cutting off
parts. The parting tool is held in the tool post while
feeding is done by the spindle on cross slide as the case
may be to the rotating work piece on the chuck..
ii. Shaping machine
We used the shaping machine for shaping internal and
external key ways, contoured surfaces, stools, groves,
other recesses etc. The cutting process in a shaping
machine is intermittent, since cutting is done in one
direction (i.e. its turned stroke). Its return stroke is idle
stroke and is faster than the cutting stroke.
Diagram of shaping machine
iii. The Drilling Machine
The drilling machine is also one of the important machines
used at the workshop. The drilling machine was used to
accomplish the purpose of drilling boring or making of
round hole using drill bit of various diameters which
ranges from 5mm-12mm.It accomplishes this by the rule
of rotary and axial feed motions of the cutting tool or
work, it drills in vertical axis.
I was fortunate to use this machine to perform operations
like drilling, chain drilling, reaming counter-bung and
counter sinking.
Diagram show a
drilling machine.
iv. Grinding Machine
The grinding machine is an electro machine which makes
use of a rotary abrasive tool, called “grinding wheel” for
cutting and for removing and smoothing of excess
material from casting forging and weldments, filling and
sometimes shaping a work piece.
The grinding wheels machine was given a fix support on a
metal steel table; that enables it to withstand vibration of
slacking when on. Its primary function is for finishing on
the work piece.
Diagram of grinding machine
v. Folding / True Fold Machine
These are very heavy industrial machine used for folding
galvanize sheets, mild steels and stainless steel sheets to
various shapes or angles desired. The fold and the true
fold machines shapes are two different machines used
folding metal sheet but in different angles.
The folding machine folds sheets in an angle of 3600;
whereas, the true fold and bends sheet metal at angle 450,
900, 1200.
I was opportune to use the folding device to fold metals
into cylindrical shape of different diameter, folding into
cuboids shape of varying dimensions.
vi. Guillotine/Cutting Machine
The guillotine machine is a cutting machine that uses a
straight blade and is mainly used for cutting or shearing
metal sheets whose thickness must not exceed 2mm. The
guillotine is a foot operation machine, which requires
enough force to pull its pedal down wards in other for it to
give a good cut; how ever the work piece is fully
supported with a clamp before cutting.
vii. The Welding Machine
The welding machine is an electrical machine with a
primary and secondary winding and has a very high
wattage; it also has plate for the adjustment of current
range. In the department where I operation, we did
welding operation mainly on electric are welding in which
an electrode is brought in contact with the work at the
point when the welding is to be stated, after connecting
the work to the welding circuit.
We used the welding machine in tacking (temporary
welding) and welding (permanent joining process) During
this period of my training we were taught that, that
welded structures are assemble by five basic types of
joint, bult, lap, corner, T and Edge Joints as shown.
viii. Bench Vice
The bench vice was used in holding work piece of various
sizes and shapes, is usually fixed in a metal steel table or
bench.
More also, we have a machine vice which is usually found
in our shaping machine and also a hand vice which was
movable and was used in holding work piece considered
to be too small.
ix. Steady Rest
The steady rest is a vice which holds very long work piece.
When ever a very big work piece (L/D>10 or 12) or longer
slender work piece of low rigidity are machine between
centers, steady rest are used to additionally support the
work piece and prevent if from bending due to pressure
of cut. Their two types of steady rest are: fixed steady rest
follower or travelling steady spent.
The followers travelling steady rest: This steady is
mounted on the saddle and moves together with the tool.
CHAPTER THREE
PROBLEMS AND RELEVANCE OF THE SEWES
PROGRAMME
3.1 PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED DURING THE SEWES
PROGRAMME
The industrial training was quite interesting and vigorous
irrespective of the knowledge gained within the duration.
In the workshop, I encountered several setbacks/problem
and some challenges, with out the training would have
been incomplete. They include:
i. Accuracy in measurement of work piece
The ability to measure a work piece accurately before,
while machining and after machining was not an easy
task, during my first few week in the workshop. But soon
after, I was able to take accurate measurement.
ii. Setting of work piece on a machine tool
Though look simple but not as easy as it was seen. That
was another area of difficult; like in the case of holding the
centre of a work piece by using and tool maker’s buttons,
which I was able to do after my first few weeks.
iii. Operation of machine tool
The operation of some of machine like the lathe, grinding,
drilling machine required some techniques operate
properly ,also posed me some problem when I initially
started my training but due to frequent instruction and
carefully observation from my instructor I was able
operate most of the machines effectively.
iv. Restriction to the use working tool
Tools in the Science and Engineering Workshop were
owned by individuals. There were no working tools
available at our disposal. We only touch and use tool if our
instructor was present and also permit it.
v. Inadequate/out dated (Epileptic) machine tool
In the work shop we had no enough machine tool and the
machine tools available are so old and thus are not
effective in doing works.
vi. Personal protective Equipments
With regards the nature of the operations in the workshop
and it’s equipment, it is vital for the staff/ and industrial
trainees to be equipped with their personal protective
equipments such as safety boot, ear muffs, nose makes
eye goggles, hand gloves, cover-all etc for proper handling
of works, which was not provided for staffs or industrial
trainees in the work shop, hence led to some accidents. In
fact safety measures were never part of the workshop.
vii. Erratic power supply
In the workshop, we also experience incessant power out
break which slowed the completion time of most works
undertaken.
Viii. Poor management
The management was not concerned about the welfare of
the students under its supervision. A day a friend had a
cut by a work piece, which was on a drilling process; there
were no thing in the firs aid box of the workshop to stop
the bleeding.
Also in the part of spoilt or damaged equipment or
machine or machinery was abandoned. It would require
sometime before the machine would be fixed, this was
due to the power financial situation we had the work shop.
ix. No provision of allowance
It looks minor but posed so many distresses to me, as we
were not given any stipend to enable us transport to the
workshop, or make lunch for our selves during the day’s
activity.
3.2 RELEVANCE OF SIWES PROGRAMME
Honestly I would say that the industrial training
programme (SIWES) has exposed me to some aspect of
Mcchanical Engineering.
During my six months training, I served in the
machining/welding de department, where knowledge
acquired in courses like mechanical engineering material
was displayed in practical.The programme has provided
students an opportunity to apply theoretical knowledge in
real work situations, thereby bridging the gab between
academic work and the practical work experience
demanded for the graduate engineer.
This programme provided the student opportunity of
acquiring industrial skills and experience/ practical
knowledge in /her area of specialization.
It avails the student the opportunity of acquiring
knowledge on the recent technology and innovations in
the industry. This programme helped develop a more
conscious attitude in the student.
Most of all, the scheme has exposed me as a student to
the challenges faced in industry, in the area of policy
implementation and development of their technological
know how. It made me realize the expectations of the
industry from the engineer and the responsibilities that
would be on the students as a future engineer, in a
country like ours.
Other contributions of SIWES are follows:
Exposure to a practical aspect of study
Some abilities are harnessed and develop like creating,
punctuality and initial and responsibility.
Prepare students for the work situation they are likely
to meet after graduation.
CHAPTER FOUR
CONCLUSION AND ADVICE
4.1 CONCLUSION
Due to importance and delicate nature of
machining/welding process, so vital to the mechanical
engineers, therefore mechanical engineers should liaise in
knowledge of the principles and techniques involved in
machining/welding process to make proper and effective
work; to avoid disaster and loss of life and properties.
Having an industrial training component in a degreed
programme can add enhance the employability skills of
graduate.
In order to ensure that industrial training become a
natural part of university training efforts must be
collaboratively and not individually undertaking by
institution , industry and government so that issues and
challenges students face can be addressed.
SIWES should help out in securing placement for students,
which will help tremendously, as this is a major problem
student’s face.
Finally, I advice younger collogues to put knowledge and
experience above money and all that will not make them
device the gain of the SIWES programme.
4.2 ADVICE FOR FUTURE PARTICIPANT
Intending indust.rial trainees should try to attend
institution SIWES orientation Programme before going on
attachment.
To be obedient to constituted authorities and adhere
strictly to all rules and regulations of the organization
where the students is attached. Intending industrial
training should always ensure they get their forms ready
on time from the SIWES Unit and make duplicates of the
application forms in order to apply to companies, firms
etc. with in their field of study.
Students on training should make sure they engage
fully and carry
out all duties and assignment given to them. This will in
turn give good recommendation in case of future
employment.
It pays to work hard; therefore students should be
serious and take proper records of training activities, and
other assignment in the log book.
Also students should be punctual, diligent, honest,
conscientious take pride in protection of employers
property throughout
It is important that future industrial training participants are
properly equipped with that is involved in the training. The
following advice will prove excellent for future participants.
4.3 ADVICE FOR SIWES MANAGERS
SIWES managers should endeavour that students’ IT
allowance is paid during the course of the training to
enable them support themselves financially.
SIWES managers should assist students in identifying
placement opportunities.
SIWES managers should be lass harsh on students and
always be ready to accommodate their problems, as well
as prepare orientation to students.
REFERENCES
P.O. Shama (2000): Production Technology (Manufacturing
Process) Seventh Edition.
Prof. U.J. Okoli (2010): Manufacturing Technology and
Workshop Practice Manual.