Pilot project New Approaches in Technology Training – Development and Integration of European Modules in Technology Education Contract no TR/05/B/F/PP.

Pilot projectNew Approaches in Technology Training

– Development and Integration of European Modules in Technology

Education Contract no TR/05/B/F/PP 178 009

Project co-financed by the European Commission

LEONARDO DA VINCI – Second Phase

C.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXIC.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXI PagePage 1 / 1 / 5555

The educational system in Greece is significantly different from that in other European countries for reasons related to the philosophy and structure of education, its social function and its role in the economy. The Greek educational and training system includes general education (primary, secondary and tertiary level), technical vocational education (secondary and tertiary level) and vocational training (initial, continuing).

C.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXIC.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXI PagePage 22 / / 5555

Technical vocational training and education in Greece operates in a purely supplemental manner to general education according to the structure of the Greek economy and the characteristics of employment, as well as to the social-cultural standards of the country, while the part of informal education covers the gap between formal education and the needs of the labour market.


The first attempts to modern educational reform date back to the 1976 laws on education of the New Democratic Party (NDP), which, in a way, continued what began in 1963 as a mild period of changes, and had abruptly been brought to a halt by the 1967-1973 military junta. The basis of this reform was the introduction and use of the spoken language in all levels of education and the expression of a political will for renewal and modernisation.


These new laws and regulations basically sought to provide a better education, on the primary and secondary levels of general and technical education, and develop a more efficient manpower force in view of the coming integration of Greek society to the European Union.


These new laws and regulations basically sought to provide a better education, on the primary and secondary levels of general and technical education, and develop a more efficient manpower force in view of the coming integration of Greek society to the European Union.

C.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXIC.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXI PagePage 6 6 / / 5555

After 1981 we have a new attempt to reform the education system. During the 1982-1985 period previous reform at the primary and secondary level was completed with minor changes while, most important, the first structural changes in higher education since the 1930s were introduced.


The Greek education is divided to three levels, primary, secondary and higher education. The primary is for students of six to twelve years and the secondary for years twelve to eighteen. Secondary education, in the past (1976-1998), was divided into two cycles, the Lower High School or Gymnasium (ages 12-15) and the Upper High School or Lyceum (ages 15-18). The latter was distinguished up into three types, the General, the Technical-Vocational and the Multidisciplinary Lyceum.


The role of the General Lyceum had basically been to prepare students for the entrance examinations to state universities, the role of the Technical-Vocational was to prepare students for professional life and the Multidisciplinary Lyceum had to combine general education with modern technological knowledge and skills. In 1997 the Unified Lyceum was set up under the educational reform by Act 2525/1997 and replaces the old-style Lyceum.



«Education 2000»«Education 2000»

Act 2525/97Act 2525/97


Secondary EducationSecondary Education

Provided by Gymnasium and Post-compulsory Secondary Education which is provided by Unified (Eniaio) Lyceum and Technical Vocational Schools (TEE).



Provided by Gymnasium and Post-compulsory Secondary Education which is provided by Unified (Eniaio) Lyceum and Technical Vocational Schools (TEE).



Pupils leaving the Gymnasiums are given a leaving certificate which entitles them to move on to higher-level secondary education. Besides, Gymnasium leavers of over 18 years of age may enrol at Vocational Training Institute (IEK) departments in certain specialisations, where they study for two semesters and obtain Vocational Training Certificate Level 1.


Vocational Training Institute (IEK)

IEK offer formal vocational training and education of unclassified level (neither higher nor university level) in 110 different spesialisations in 14 basic occupational sectors. Overall, there are 138 Vocational Training Institutes (IEK) managed by the Organisation for Vocational Education and Training (OEEK), 34 Vocational Training Institutes managed by the Labor Force Employment Organisation (OAED), and 41 private IEK which are supervised by the OEEK.


Technical Vocational Schools (TEEs)

Technical Vocational Schools (TEEs) (Level 3) are attached to the Ministry of National Education of Religious Affairs, although some are supervised by other Ministries and some by the Greek Manpower Employment Organization (OAED). Pursuant to Act 2640/1998, their objective is to provide both general education and specialist technical and vocational skills to prepare pupils for the labour market.



Besides day schools there are also evening TEEs for workers aged up to 50 who wish to improve their job prospects. The applicants are accepted without examination but must possess either a Gymnasium leaving certificate or an equivalent certificate issued abroad.Studies at the TEEs last up to three years and consist of two independent cycles covering specific fields and specializations. Cycle 1 lasts two years and Cycle 2 lasts one year, while in the evening TEEs an extra year is added to Cycle 1 and six months to Cycle 2.



Educational curricula

Mechanical engineering Electronics Electrician

Applied Arts Textile and Clothing

Construction Agricultural Production, Food and

Environment Chemistry Laboratory Applications Maritime and Shipping Occupations Information Science and Networks


Tertiary Technological Education in Greece

The higher education in Greece has been based on a differentiated system of two parallel sectors: the University sector which includes Universities Polytechnics and The School of Fine Arts and the Technological sector, which includes the Technological Educational Institutions. The institutions of these two sectors, work complementary having different and challenging missions. The main work of the Technological sector is in regionally oriented applied research and in degree programmes which offer vocational oriented knowledge.



Higher Education in Greece is based on article 16 of the Greek Constitution, legally effective since 1975. In 1982 a major reform took place through Frame Law 1268, concerning universities. In 1983, Law 1404 established the Technological Educational Institutions. A significant number of laws followed since then, aiming at improving, supplementing and modifying the aforementioned laws in areas of major or less major importance.



Law 2916 provided that higher education in Greece consists of two sectors, the University and the Technological. The university sector includes twenty Universities, both multidisciplinary ones and specialised ones. The technological sector includes fourteen Technological Educational Institutions and the School of Pedagogical and Technical Education.


Total of Higher Education in Greece (1993 & 2002)

1993 2002

Total of admissions in Higher Education

42.000 83.000

Rate of participation age 18 to 21 27% 58%

Universities

Number of institutions 18 20

Number of Departments 180 237

Number of students admitted per year 22.000 40.000

Number of Post-graduate programmes 51 233

Number of specialities in Post-graduate Degrees

134 517

Number of post-graduate students - 12.000

Hellenic Open University

Number of graduate students - 6.000

Number of post-graduate students - 5.000


Total of Higher Education in Greece (1993 & 2002)1993 2002

Basic sources

Number of members of the Faculties and Researchers in service

6.300 9.200

Regular subsidy for functional expenses (in million Euro)

62,2 156,4

Subsidies for infrastructure (in million Euro)

79,2 153,5

TEI

Number of institutions 12 14

Number of Departments 127 176

Number of admissions per year 20.000 43.000

Basic sources

Number of members of Faculty 2.000 2.700

Regular subsidy for functional expenses (in million Euro)

14,1 80,4

Subsidies for infrastructure (in million Euro)

8,8 57,5


Distribution of Students in Higher Education in generalField of Studies 1985 1990 1995 1998 2002

Human Sciences 8,9 10,6 10,3 9,5 8,4

Arts 1,3 1,6 2,0 1,7 1,9

Law 3,7 3,6 3,2 3,0 2,1

Social Sciences 3,6 4,9 5,5 6,1 6,2

Finance and Business Administration Studies

20,8 23,0 22,0 23,9 20,1

Natural Sciences 4,2 4,9 4,8 4,4 4,2

Mathematics and Statistics 2,4 3,4 3,7 3,2 11,1

Science Technology 17,0 20,2 21,3 19,6 16,6

Architecture 0,4 0,5 0,5 0,5 1,0

Medical and Health Sciences 13,1 10,7 10,8 10,4 9,5

Education Science and Teacher Training

13,1 6,0 4,5 4,7 4,4

Agricultural Studies 8,4 7,9 8,5 10,4 10,1

Physical Education Science 2,6 2,1 1,5 1,5 1,3

Social Services 3,0

Multidisciplinary specialisation

0,5 0,6 1,4 1,1 0,1

TOTAL 100 100 100 100 100

Source Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs



The academic year in the Greek universities is organised on a two-semester basis. The courses of the undergraduate study programmes are therefore organised on a semester-basis too. Each faculty offers the corresponding graduate degree. Furthermore, a graduate degree may hold distinct specialisation, if this is allowed or imposed from the discipline of the corresponding faculty.



The responsibility for undergraduate study programmes lies with the faculties, without any kind of interference or control either at institutional level or at governmental level. This responsibility concerns the curriculum, credit units and distribution of teaching load as well.


Universities

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

Undergraduate studies-Department of informatics

Postgraduate studies-Informatics System and Technologies.-Technologies and communication in Education


Universities

Democritus University

Faculty of Engineering -Department of Civil Engineering -Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering -Department of Environmental Engineering -Department of Architectural Engineering -Department of Production and Management Engineering


Universities

National and Kapodistrian Univerisity of Athens

Faculty of informatics and telecommunications-Department of computer systems and applications-Department of Theoretical informatics-Department of Mathematics and informatics-Department of Physical sciences, Technology and environmental studies-Department of culture, environment, communication applications and technologies.


Universities

National Technical University of Athens

Faculty of Civil Engineering- Structural EngineeringWater Resources, Hydraulic and Maritime EngineeringGeotechnical EngineeringTransportation PlanningEngineering Construction and Management


Universities


Faculty of Mechanical Engineering- Fluid Mechanics Engineering- Thermal Engineering- Nuclear Engineering- Mechanical Constructions and Automatic Control- Manufacturing Technology- Industrial Management and Operational Research


Universities


Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering-Electroscience-Electric Power EngineeringComputer Engineering and Informatics


Universities

University of Thessaly Faculty of Engineering-Department of Computer and Communication Engineering -Department of Planning and Regional Development -Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering -Department of Civil Engineering -Department of Architecture


Universities

University of Macedonia

Department of Applied Informatics


Universities

University of Patras -Department of Architecture-Department of Chemical Engineering-Department of Civil Engineering-Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics -Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering-Department Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics -Department of Engineering Sciences


Universities

University of Piraeus - Department of Technology Education and Digital Systems -Department of Maritime Studies -Department of Informatics -Department of Industrial Management


Technological Education Institutes in Greece

Under Law 2916/2001, the Technological Education Institutes (TEI) are incorporated in Higher Education. This development has prompted on the one hand, the operation of post-graduate programmes in the Higher Technological Institutes (former TEI) and on the other, the establishment of Centres for technological research.



The higher technological Institutions (T.E.I.) in Greece founded to cover the gap between the theoretical knowledge offered by Universities and the need for more applied knowledge and acquisition of specific skills the market needed.



A model of a short period of studies (3 to 3,5 academic years) was adopted, flexible programmes of studies were sketched, compulsory work placement was introduced during the last semester, so students can know from inside the direct and real needs of private firms and organizations, and were established institutions to facilitate the approach of the two poles of the labor market: firms and employees.



Technological Educational Institutions emphasise high quality technological education:

• Linking between knowledge and application, further developing the applied spectrum of Arts and Sciences

• Conveying, utilising and developing modern technology, as well as methods, practices and techniques.



Students entering Technological Educational Institutions (TEI) per Field of Study (2002-03)

Field of Studies

TEI

Students %

Arts 690 1,7

Public Relations and Libraries 670 1,7

Finance and Business Administration Studies

10.270 25,1

Computer Science 3.980 9,7

Agricultural Studies 6.660 16,3

Technology and Mechanic Engineering

10.100 24,7

Architecture and Civil Engineering

190 0,5

Source Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs

C.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXIC.V.T. GEORGIKI ANAPTIXI PagePage 441 /1 / 55 55

Technological Educational Institutions

Technological Education Institute of Athens

Faculty of Technological Applications •Department of energy technology•Department of electronic engineering•Department of informatics •Department of civil engineering•Department of marine architecture



Technological Education Institute of Epiros

Faculty of Agricultural Technology - Department of Floriculture of - Architecture of Landscape



Technological Education Institute of Heraklion

Faculty of Applied Technology•Department of web site•Department of informatics and multimedia•Department of electrical engineering•Department of mechanical engineering•Department of civil engineering•Department of electronic engineering•Department of natural systems engineering•Department of energy and environmental technologies•Department of telecommunication and computer networks



Technological Education Institute of Thessaloniki

Faculty of Technological Applications •Department of Automation•Department of civil infrastructure engineering•Department of electronics•Department of informatics•Department of Vehicle Technology



Technological Education Institute of Kavala

Faculty of Technological Applications•Department of Electrical Engineering •Department of Mechanical Engineering •Department of Petroleum Technology•Department of Industrial Informatics



Technological Education Institute of Kozani

Faculty of Technological Applications•Industrial Design•Geotechnology and Environmental Engineering•Electrical Engineering•Mechanical Engineering•Pollution Control TechnologiesBranch of Kastoria•Department of informatics and computer technology



Technological Education Institute of Lamia

Faculty of Technological Applications•Department of electrical engineering•Department of electronics•Department of informatics and computer technology



Technological Education Institute of Larissa

Faculty of Technological Applications•Department of exact science•Department of electrical engineering •Department mechanical engineering•Department of infrastructure engineering•Department computer science and telecommunications



Technological Education Institute of Patras

Faculty of Technological Applications•Department of electrical engineering •Department mechanical engineering•Department of civil engineering•Department of building renovation and restoration



Technological Education Institute of Piraeus

Faculty of Engineering•Department of electronic computer engineering•Department of automation engineering •Department of electronic engineering•Department of civil engineering• Department of textile engineering


Vocational Training Centers

Centres for Vocational Training (KEK) are private sector bodies (for-profit or not-for-profit) or public bodies providing continuing training which have received positive evaluation and have been certified by the National Accreditation Centre (EKEPIS) and have secured financing from national (Ministry of Labour) and community resources (European Social Fund and European Regional Development Fund).



The KEK plan, organise and run continuing vocational training courses for employees and the unemployed, graduates from all levels of education, in various subject areas. For 2001-2003 283 continuing vocational training bodies have been certified which have 35,000 training positions in 577 centres throughout the entire country.



The majority of KEK are in the private sector. Moreover, 36 specialised Social and Vocational Integration Centres have been certified for disabled people (Decision No. 110466/11-2-2002 of the Minister of Labour & Social Affairs) and 4 for drug users and former drug users (Decision No. 25852/13-1-2001 of the Minister of Labour & Social Affairs). These 40 specialised centres are primarily run by welfare organisations.



Reasons why individuals (aged 15+) attend education of vocational training courses

Age groups15-19 20-24 25-29 30-44 45-64 65

+

TOTAL % 523,591 242,782 41,077 19,751 2,619 0

Initial education or education aimed at acquiring qualifications

797,806 520,507 233,746 33,621 9,756 175 0

Continuing vocational training 29,307 100.0 2,709 8,841 6,524 9,307 1,926 0

In order to improve qualifications or job or to adapt to technological changes

26,378 90.0 1,938 8,061 5,927 8,526 1,926 0

In order to prepare for entry to labor market / return to work

108 0.4 108 0 0 0 0 0

Other reasons 2,821 9.6 663 780 597 781 0 0

Other cases 2,705 100.0 374 195 931 687 518 0

In the context of an official state program to support employment

1,309 48 264 0 553 389 102 0

For reasons not related to current or future work

1,396 52 110 195 378 298 416 0

Source: ESYE, Survey of Workforce, 2nd Quarter 2002


111 Socratous Str, 413 36 Larissa - Greece

Tel: (30) 2 410 553 203

Fax: (30) 2 410 554 075

e-mail: [email protected]

Web: http://www.geoan.gr

for your attention !!!!!!!!.

CVT GEORGIKI ANAPTIXICVT GEORGIKI ANAPTIXI

Thank you very much

Pilot project New Approaches in Technology Training – Development and Integration of European Modules in Technology Education Contract no TR/05/B/F/PP.

Documents

secondary education

technical education

greek education

levels of education

education system

structure of education

higher education

better education