7/21/2019 PIL Reviewer (Cruz) http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/pil-reviewer-cruz 1/34 PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014 BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW CHAPTER 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES INTERNATIONAL LAW (IL) - Traditiona !on!"#t- a $od% o& r' "and #rin!i#"o& a!tion *i!* ar" $indin+ '#on !i,i i "d tat"in t*"ir r"ationit* anot*"r. - /!*ar"n$"r+"r- it*" $od% o& "+ar' "*i!* a## % $"t ""n o,"r"i+n tat"and '!* ot*"r "ntiti" a *a," $""n +rant"d int"rnationa#"ronait%. DIVISIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 1. Laws of pea e - +o,"rn t*" norar"ationo& tat". !. Laws of wa" - *"n ar $r"ao't $"t""n or aon+ o" o& t*"t*" r"ation o& t*"" tat"!"a" to $" r"+'at"d 'nd"r t*" ao& #"a!" and !o" 'nd"r t*" ao& ar. #. Laws of $e%&"a' &* t*o" tat"not in,o,"d in t*" ar !ontin'" to $" r"+' at"d 'nd"r t*" a o& #"a!" in t*"ir r" ation int"r ". *o","rt*"ir r" ation it* t*" $"i+"r"ntor t*o" in,o ,"d in t*" arar" +o,"rn"d $% t*" ao& n"'trait%. INTERNATIONAL LAW V. +UNICIPAL LAW 1. +o$s&s - T*"r" ino '$ tantiaditin!tion $"t""n int"rnationaaand 'ni!i#a a $"!a' " t*"% $" i"," in t*" on"n" or 'nit% o& aa2. D%a's&s - *o $"i"," in t*" di!*oto% o& t*" at*"r" ar" !"rtain ""ta$i*"d di3"r"n!" $"t ""n int"rnationa a and 'ni!i#aa. +UNICIPAL LAW INTERNATIONA L LAW I'"d $% a #oiti!a'#"rior &or o$"r,an!" $% t*o " 'nd"r ita't*orit% I not i #o "d '#on $'t i #% ado#t"d $% tat"aa !oon r' " o& a!tion aon+ t*"","Conitain % o& "na!t "nt &ro t*" a - ain+ a't*orit% o& "a!* "ri,"d not &roan% #arti!' ar "+i ation $'t &roo'r!"aint"rnationa!'toint"rnationa!on,"ntion and t*" +"n"ra#rin!i#"o& aR"+' at" t*" r"ationo& indi,id'aaon+ t*"" ,"or it* t*"ir on tat"A##i"to t*" r"ationint"r " o& tat"and ot*"r int"rnationa#"ron5ioationo& t*" 'ni!i#a a ar" r"dr" "d t*ro'+* o!a adinitration and 6'di!ia#ro!"7'"tiono& int"rnationaaar" r"o,"d t*ro'+* tat"-to- tat" trana!tionran+in+ &ro#"a!"&'"t*odi" n"+otiationand ar$itration to t*" *oti" ar$itra "nt o& i" r"#riaand ","n ar Br"a!*"o& 'ni!i#a a +"n"ra% "ntai on% indi,id'a r"#oni$iit% R"#on i$i it% o& in&ra!tion o& int"rnationaai''a% !o"!ti," in t*" "n" t*at it atta!*"dir"!t% ot t*" tat" and not to itnationa. It i#oi$" &or a #rin!i#" o& 'ni!i#aato $"!o" #art o& int"rnationa aa*"n t*" #rin!i#" i"$odi"d in a tr"at% or !on,"ntion. TWO THEORIES AS TO +ANNER OF ADOPTING INTERNATIONAL LAW AS PART OF THE LAW OF THE LOCAL STATE 1. DOCTRINE OF INCORPORATION - Int"rnationa aar" ado#t"d a #art o& a tat"8'ni!i#aa$% a9r in+ t*"ir r"!o+nition o& t*" #rin!i#" o& int"rnationaain t*"ir !ontit'tion. !. DOCTRINE OF TRANSPOR+ATION - :"n"ra% a!!"#t"d r'"o& int"rnationaa ar" not #"r " $indin+ '#on t*" tat" $'t ' t ;r t $" "$odi"d in "+i ation "na!t"d $% t*" a-a in+ $od% and o tran&or"d into 'ni!i#aa. CRITERIA TO BE APPLIES IN RESOLVING CONFLICTS BETWEEN 1
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PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
INTERNATIONAL LAW AND +UNICIPALLAW
- To att" #t to r"!on!i " t*"a##ar"nt !ontradi!tion and t*"r"$%+i," "3"!t i& #o i$ " to $ot*
% t" o& a .
It *o' d $" #r" ' "d t*at 'ni!i#a ai a a% "na!t"d $% "a!* tat" it* d'"r" #"!t &or and n","r in d";an!" o& t*"+"n"ra % a!!"#t"d #rin!i# " o& int"rnationa a .
CONSTITUTION V. TREAT,
:"n"ra % t*" tr"at% i r"6"!t"d in t*"o!a &or' $'t i '#*" d $% int"rnationa
o& t*" r' " o& int"rnationa at*"% a% ti $" o$ "r,"d $%tat" $"!a' " o& t*" nor a
*a$it o& o$"di"n!" in+rain"d int*" nat'r" o& an a o!ia $"in+.
@. R" #"!t &or t*" or d o#inion *" d$% o t tat" or t*"ir d" ir" to#ro6"!t an a+r""a$ " #'$ i! i a+"in ord"r to aintain t*" +ood i
and &a,o'ra$ " r"+ard o& t*" r" t o& t*" &a i % o& nation .
4. T*" !on tant and r"a ona$ " &"ar#r" "nt ","n in t*" o t #o "r&'
tat" t*at ,io ation o& int"rnationa a i+*t ,i it '#on
t*" !' #rit t*" r"ta iation o& ot*"rtat" .. T*"r" i t*" a!*in"r% o& t*" UN
*i!* it*in t*" #*"r" o& iti it"d #o "r *a on an%
o!!a ion #ro,"d to $" an "3"!ti,"d"t"rr"nt to int"rnationa di #'t"!a' "d $" di r"+ard o& t*" a o& nation .
FUNCTIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW
1. To " ta$ i * #"a!" and ord"r in t*"!o 'nit% o& nation and to#r","nt t*" " # o% "nt o& &or!"in! 'din+ ar in a int"rnationar" ation
2. It tri," a " to #ro ot" or d&ri"nd *i# $% "," in+ t*" $arri"ra o& !o or or !r""d t*at *a," o&ar o$ tr'!t"d t*" &o t"rin+ o& a! o "r 'nd"r tandin+ in t*" &a i %o& nation .
@. To "n!o'ra+" and "n 'r" +r"at"rint"rnationa !oo#"ration in t*"
o 'tion o& !"rtain !o on#ro$ " o& a #o iti!a "!ono i!!' t'ra or *' anitarian !*ara!t"r
4. Ai to #ro,id" &or t*" ord"r %ana+" "nt o& t*" r" ation o& tat" on t*" $a i o& t*"'$ tanti," r' " t*"% *a," a+r""d
onar!* *o n","rt*" "do" not $"!o " on"int"rnationa #"r on &or t*"#'r#o " o& r"#r" "ntin+ an%or a o& t*" .
:. I$ o"po"a&e %$ o$* t o oror" tat" 'nd"r a !"ntra
a't*orit% " #o "r"d todir"!t $ot* t*"ir "<t"rnaand int"rna a3air and#o " "d o& a "#arat"int"rnationa #"r ona it%.
NEUTRALI;ED STATES
An ind"#"nd"nt tat" *"t*"r it$" i # " or !o #o it" a% $"n"'tra i "d t*ro'+* t*" a+r"" "nt it*ot*"r tat" $% ,irt'" o& *i!* t*" att"r
i +'arant"" it int"+rit% andind"#"nd"n!" #ro,id"d it r"&rain &rota in+ an% a!t t*at i in,o ," it in ar orot*"r *o ti " a!ti,it% "<!"#t &or d"&"n i,"#'r#o " .
DEPENDENT STATES
An "ntit% *i!* a t*o'+*t*"or"ti!a % a tat" do" not *a," &'&r""do in t*" dir"!tion o& it "<t"rnaa3air . It &a into t o +"n"ra !at"+ori" F
a. P"o&e &o"a&e - *i!* i " ta$ i *"dat t*" r"D'" t o& t*" "a "r tat"&or t*" #rot"!tion $% trin+ #o "r
$. S%4e"a $& * *i!* i a r" ' t o& a!on!" ion &ro a tat" to a&or "r !o on% t*at i a o "d to $"ind"#"nd"nt '$6"!t to t*"r"t"ntion $% t*" &or "r o,"r"i+no& !"rtain #o "r o,"r t*" "<t"rna
a3air o& t*" att"r.UNITED NATIONS
UN i not i tat" or a '#"r tat"$'t a "r" or+ani ation o& tat" it ir"+ard"d a an int"rnationa #"r on &or!"rtain #'r#o " .
THE VATICAN CIT,
T*" *o % "" *a a t*" !on tit'"nt" " "nt o& tat"*ood ( #"o# " t"rritor%F10 .G a!r" H +o,"rn "nt it* t*" #o#" a
*"adH and ind"#"nd"n!" $% ,irt'" o& t*"Lat"ran Tr"at% o& "$r'ar% 11 1J2J *i!*!on tit't" t*" 5ati!an a a t"rritor% 'nd"rt*" o,"r"i+nt% o& t*" o % /"". It *a at*" ri+*t o& a tat" in! 'din+ di# o ati!int"r!o'r " i 'nit% &ro &or"i+n
6'ri di!tion.
COLONIES AND DEPENDENCIES
A !o on% or a d"#"nd"n!% i #art and#ar!" o& t*" #ar"nt tat" t*ro'+* *i!*a it "<t"rna r" ation ar" tran a!t"d
it* ot*"r tat" . A '!* t*"r"&or" it*a no "+a tandin+ in t*" &a i % o& nation . N","rt*" " '!* "ntiti" *a,"$""n a o "d on o!!a ion to #arti!i#at" int*"ir o n ri+*t in int"rnationa'nd"rta in+ and +rant"d #ra!ti!a % t*"
tat' o& a o,"r"i+n tat".
+ANDATES AND TRUST TERRITORIES
T*" % t" o& andat" a " ta$ i *"da&t"r t*" Wor d War I in ord"r to a,oido'tri+*t ann"<ation o& t*"'nd"rd"," o#"d t"rritori" ta "n &ro t*"d"&"at"d #o "r and to # a!" t*"irad ini tration 'nd"r o " &or o& int"rnationa '#"r,i ion.
W*"n a #ortion o& t*" #o#' ation ri " '#in ar a+ain t t*" "+iti at" +o,"rn "nto& t*" tat" . T*" '#*"a,a i ordinari %r"+ard"d a a "r" % int"rna a3air at
"a t d'rin+ it initia ta+" . T*" tat" i*" d r" #on i$ " &or a in6'ri" !a' "d
int"rnationa di #'t" $% #"a!"&'"an in '!* a ann"r t*at
int"rnationa #"a!" and "!'rit%and 6' ti!" ar" not "ndan+"r"d.
4. A M" $"r *a r"&rain in t*"irint"rnationa r" ation &ro t*"t*r"at or ' " o& &or!" a+ain t t*"t"rritoria int"+rit% or #o iti!aind"#"nd"n!" o& an% tat" or inan% ot*"r ann"r in!on i t"nt it*t*" P'r#o " o& t*" Unit"d Nation .
. A M" $"r *a +i," t*" Unit"dNation ,"r% a i tan!" in an%a!tion it ta " in a!!ordan!" it*t*" #r" "nt C*art"r and *ar"&rain &ro +i,in+ a i tan!" toan% tat" a+ain t *i!* t*" Unit"d
'$ it '!* att"r to "tt " "nt'nd"r t*" #r" "nt C*art"rH $'t t*i#rin!i# " *a not #r"6'di!" t*"a## i!ation o& "n&or!" "nt
"a 'r" 'nd"r C*a#t"r 5II
+E+BERSHIP
IN /F
1. O" $a'* t*o " tat" *i!**a,in+ #arti!i#at"d in t*" U.N!on&"r"n!" on int"rnationaor+ani ation at /an ran!i !o or*a,in+ #r",io' % i+n"d t*"d"! aration $% U.N o& an'ar% 11J42 i+n"d and rati;" t*"!*art"r o& t*" U.N.
!. E'e & /e
T*" di tin!tion $"t ""n t*" t o i $a "don % on t*" ann"r o& t*"ir ad i ion anddo" not in,o ," an% di3"r"n!" in t*""n6o% "nt o& ri+*t or t*" di !*ar+" o& o$ i+ation .
<UALIFICATIONS6
1. It ' t $" a tat"2. It ' t $" #"a!"- o,in+@. It ' t a!!"#t t*" o$ i+ation o&
t*" C*art"r4. It ' t $" a$ " to !arr% o't t*" "
o$ i+ation. It ' t $" i in+ to !arr% o't t*" "
o$ i+ation
AD+ISSION
"!i ion o& 2 @ o& t*o " #r" "ntand ,otin+ in t*" +"n"ra a " $ % '#ont*" r"!o "ndation o& at "a t nin"(in! 'din+ a t*" #"r an"nt) " $"r o& t*" /"!'rit% Co'n!i
SUSPENSIONE3"!t"d $% 2 @ o& t*o " #r" "nt
and ,otin+ in t*" +"n"ra a " $ % '#on&a,o'ra$ " r"!o "ndation o& at "a tnin" " $"r o& t*" /"!'rit% Co'n!iin! 'din+ t*" #"r an"nt " $"r
T*" ' #"n ion a% $" i&t"d a on"$% t*" /"!'rit% Co'n!i a o $% a D'a i;"d
a6orit% ,ot".
/' #"nd"d " $"r i #r","nt it&ro #arti!i#atin+ in t*" ""tin+ o& t*"+"n"ra a " $ % or &ro $"in+ " "!t"d toor !ontin'in+ to "r," in t*" /"!'rit%Co'n!i t*" "!ono i! and o!ia !o'n!io& t*" tr' t"" *i# !o'n!i . Nationa o& t*"
' #"nd"d " $"r a% *o ","r!ontin'" "r,in+ in t*" /"!r"tariat and t*"IC a t*"% r"+ard"d a int"rnationao9!ia or !i,i "r,ant a!tin+ &or t*"Or+ani ation it " &.
E=PLUSION
2 @ ,ot" o& t*o " #r" "nt and,otin+ in t*" +"n"ra a " $ % '#onr"!o "ndation o& a D'a i;"d a6orit% o& t*" "!'rit% Co'n!i on +ro'nd o& #"r i t"nt % ,io atin+ t*" #rin!i# "!ontain"d in t*" C*art"r.
WITHDRAWAL
No #ro,i ion on it*dra a &ro" $"r *i# a in! 'd" in t*" C*art"r
$"!a' " o& t*" &"ar t*at it i+*t"n!o'ra+" '!!" i," it*dra a t*at
o' d "a "n t*" or+ani ation.
A " $"r i+*t it*dra &ro t*" U.N i&F
1. T*" or+ani ation a r","a "d to$" 'na$ " to aintain #"a!" or!o' d do o on % at t*" "<#"n " o&
a and 6' ti!"2. T*" " $"r8 ri+*t and o$ i+ation
a '!* "r" !*an+"d $% a !*art"ra "nd "nt in *i!* it *ad not!on!'rr"d or *i!* it ;nd it " & 'na$ " to a!!"#t
@. An a "nd "nt d' % a!!"#t"d $%t*" n"!" ar% a6orit% "it*"r in t*"+"n"ra a " $ % or in a +"n"ra!on&"r"n!" i not rati;"d.
ORGANS OF THE UNITED STATES
PRINCIPAL ORGANS
1. Ge$e"a' asse05' (G.A)- Con i t o& a t*" " $"r o& t*"
or+ani ation "a!* o& *i!* i"ntit "d to "nd not or" t*an r"#r" "ntati," and a t"rnat"
!. F $a$ a' - t*"!on id"ration and a##ro,ao& t*" $'d+"t o& t*"or+ani ation t*"a##ortion "nt o& "<#"n "a on+ it " $"r and t*"a##ro,a o& ;nan!iaarran+" "nt it*
#"!ia i "d a+"n!i" .d. E'e & /e - t*" " "!tion o&
non- #"r an"nt " $"ro& t*" /"!'rit% Co'n!i
". Co$s& &%e$&- ad i ion o& t*" " $"r and t*"a "nd "nt o& t*" C*art"ro& t*" U.N
aint"nan!" or r" ortin+ or d#"a!" to in,o " "a 'r" o&
"n&or!" "nt- PERMENENT MEMBER/ a% !a t a5ETO an t*"r"$% #r","nta+r"" "nt on a non-#ro!"d'raD'" tion ","n i& it i '##ort"d $%a t*" ot*"r " $"r o& t*"/"!'rit% Co'n!i
- PERMENENT MEMBER/ a% a o"<"r!i " t*" o !a "d OUBLE5ETO $% "an o& *i!* it !andi a##ro," an% #ro#o a to!on id"r a D'" tion "r" %#ro!"d'ra and t*"r"a&t"r ,ot"a+ain t t*" D'" tion it " & on t*"
"rit- A$ t"ntion or a$ "n!" o& an%
#"r an"nt " $"r in !onn"!tionit* a ,otin+ on a non-#ro!"d'ra
D'" tion i not !onn"!tion it* a,otin+ and t*" #ro#o a id"" "d ado#t"d i& a##ro,"d $% at
"a t nin" " $"r o& t*" /"!'rit%Co'n!i in! 'din+ t*" r" t o& t*"#"r an"nt " $"r .
- P'r#o " o& t*" ALTA ORMULA ito "n 'r" t*" 'nit% ( ) o& t*"#"r an"nt " $"r in t*"
"a 'r" to $" ta "n in t*" #'r 'ito& it #ri ar% &'n!tion o&
aintainin+ int"rnationa #"a!"and "!'rit%.
#. E o$o0 a$ so a' o%$ '- E "!t"d $% :.A &or @ %"ar t"r and
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
int"rnationa #"a!" and"!'rit%
o A!t a "!r"tar% in a t*"""tin+ o& t*" :. A t*""!'rit% !o'n!i t*"
"!ono i! and o!ia !o'n!i
and t*" tr' t"" *i# !o'n!iand #"r&or '!* ot*"r&'n!tion a a% $"a i+n"d to *i $% t*" "or+an .
o " #r"#ar" t*" $'d+"t o& t*" U.N &or '$ i ion tot*" :.A #ro,id" t"!*ni!a&a!i iti" to $" di3"r"ntor+an o& t*" or+ani ationand in +"n"ra !oordinat"it ,a t ad ini trati,"
a!*in"r%
- /"!r"tar% +"n"ra and t*"" $"r o& *i ta3 ar" int"rnao9!"r o " % r" #on i$ " to t*"Or+ani ation and ar" #ro*i$it"d&ro "" in+ or r"!"i,in+in tr'!tion &ro an% +o,"rn "nt oran% a't*orit% "<t"rna to t*" U.N
SECONDAR, ORGANS - t*o " *i!* *a,"$""n !r"at"d $% or in a!!ordan!" it* t*"!*art"r '!* a t*" i itar% ta3 !o itt"" t*" int"rnationa a!o i ion and t*" !o i ion on*' an ri+*t .
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
- r"!o+nition tat" i irr",o!a$ "
RECOGNITION OF GOVERN+ENT
- a% $" it*dra n and do" notn"!" ar% i+ni&% t*" "<i t"n!" o& a
tat" a t*" +o,"rn "nt a% $"t*at o& a "r" !o on%.
RE<UISITES6
1. +o,"rn "nt i ta$ " and "3"!ti,"(o$6"!ti," t" t)
2. no '$ tantia r" i tan!" to ita't*orit%
@. t*" +o,"rn "nt ' t *oi in+n" and a$i it% to di !*ar+"
it int"rnationa o$ i+ation( '$6"!ti," t" t)
4. +o,"rn "nt ' t "n6o% #o#' ar
!on "nt or a##ro,a o& t*" #"o# ".
2INDS OF THE DE FACTOGOVERN+ENT
1. T*at *i!* i " ta$ i *"d $% t*"in*a$itant *o ri " in r",o ta+ain t and d"#o " t*" "+iti at"r"+i ".
!. T*at *i!* i " ta$ i *"d in t*"!o'r " o& ar $% t*" in,adin+&or!" o& on" $" i+"r"nt in t*"t"rritor% o& t*" ot*"r $" i+"r"ntt*" +o,"rn "nt o& *i!* i a odi # a!"d.
#. T*at *i!* i " ta$ i *"d $% t*"in*a$itant o& a tat" *o "!"d"t*"r"&ro it*o't o,"rt*ro in+ it+o,"rn "nt.
and t*' in&rin+" '#on t*" ri+*to& ot*"r tat" i& it r"!o+ni " a a
tat" a !o 'nit% *i!* do" not&' ; t*" r"D'ir" "nt o& int"rnationa a
#. BETANCOURT DOCTRINE- T*i !a " a a r"K"!tion o&
5"n" '" an #r" id"nt Ro ' oB"tan!o'rt8 anti#at*% &or non-d" o!rati! r' " *i!* d"ni"ddi# o ati! r"!o+nition to an%r"+i " ri+*t or "&t *i!* !a " to#o "r $% i itar% &or!".
9. LAUTERPACHT DOCTRINE- It i t*" r"!o+nition o& an "ntit%
*i!* i not "+a % a tat" i ron+$"!a' " it !on tit't" a a$' " o& t*" #o "r o& r"!o+nition. It
a! no "d+" a !o 'nit% *i!*i not in a ind"#"nd"nt and*i!* do" not t*"r"&or" &' ; t*"
" "ntia !ondition o& tat"*ooda an ind"#"nd"nt tat". It ia!!ordin+ % a r"!o+nition *i!* anint"rnationa tri$'na d"! ar" noton % to !on tit't" a ron+ $'t#ro$a$ % a o to $" it " & in,a id.
" &-d"&"n!" a% $" ta "n $% atat" on % in t*" &a!" o& a n"!" it%
o& " &-d"&"n " t*at i in tanto,"r *" in+ and "a,in+ no!*oi!" o& "an and no o "nt&or d" i$"rationRi+*t a% $" r" ort"d on % '#on! "an *o in+ o& a +ra," anda!t'a dan+"r to t*" "!'rit% o& t*"
tat"=T*" $" t d"&"n " i o3"n "? :roti'On" i+*t " ar+'" no t*at t*","r% tat" o& ar "d #r"#ar"dn"
o& a n'! "ar #o "r i #"r " a#ot"nt i& at"nt.
T E CUBAN MI//ILE CRI/I/
=T*" #"a!" o& t*" or d and t*""!'rit% o& t*" U/ (*ad $""n)
"ndan+"r"d $% r"a on o& t*"" ta$ i * "nt $% t*" /ino-/o,i"t#o "r o& an O EN/I5E MILITARCAPABILIT in C'$a in! 'din+$a " &or $a i ti! i i " it* a#ot"ntia ran+" !o,"rin+ o t o& Nort* and /o't* A "ri!a.
. T*" a!tion o& a /tat" in a o in+ itt"rritor% *i!* it *a # a!"d at t*"
di #o a o& anot*"r /tat" to $"' "d $% t*at ot*"r /tat" &or#"r#"tratin+ an a!t o& a++r" iona+ain t a @ rd tat"
G. T*" "ndin+ $% or on $"*a & o& a/tat" o& ar "d &or!" a+ain tanot*"r /tat" o& '!* +ra,it% a toa o'nt to t*" a!t i t"d a$o," orit '$ tantia in,o ," "nt t*"r"in.
CHAPTER
THE RIGHT OF INDEPENDENCESOVEREIGNT,
/'#r" " 'n!ontro a$ " #o "r in*"r"nt ina tat" t*" '#r" " #o "r o& t*" tat" to!o and and "n&or!" o$"di"n!"
Ena$ " t*" tat" to a " it o nd"!i ion ,i -S-,i ot*"r tat" and," t it it* !o #"t"n!" to "nt"rinto r" ation and a+r"" "nt it*
t*" .2 A/PECT/
1. INTERNAL /O5EREI:NT Po "r o& t*" tat" to dir"!t it do " ti!a3air
2. E TERNAL /O5EREI:NT T*"&r""do o& t*" tat" to !ontro ito n &or"i+n a3air .
o E<t"rna o,"r"i+nt% i or"o&t"n r"&"rr"d to aind"#"nd"n!".
NATURE O IN EPEN ENCE
r""do &ro !ontro $% an% ot*"rtat" or +ro'# o& tat" and not
&r""do &ro t*" r" tri!tion t*atar" $indin+ on a tat" &or in+t*" &a i % o& nation .M' t '$ it to i itationind"#"nd"n!" o& a tat" i o& n"!" it% r" tri!t"d.
INTER5ENTION/tat" ' t a$ tain &roint"r,"ntion. It "<#"!t itind"#"nd"n!" to $" r" #"!t"d $%ot*"r tat" o too ' t it $"#r"#ar"d to r" #"!t t*"ir o nind"#"nd"n!".
2 IN/TANCE/ W EN T E U/E O ORCE I/ALLOWE UN ER T E C ARTER O T EUNF
1. W*"n '!* a!tion i a+r""d '#on ina tr"at%
2. W*"n r"D'" t"d &ro i t"r tat"or &ro t*" UN
R"!"nt ","nt *a," !a "d &or a r"-"<a ination o& t*" a onint"r,"ntion " #"!ia % *"r"int"r,"ntion i $a "d on*' anitarian +ro'ndR",o t"d $% t*" in*' an" # i+*t o& t*" inno!"nt ,i!ti t*" UN "nt a!ontin+"nt o& i itar% troo# &ro
","ra !o'ntri" #ri ari % t*" U/.
T E RA:O OCTRINE
T*" !ontra!tin+ #o "r a+r"" notto *a," r"!o'r " to ar "d &or!" &ort*" r"!o,"r% o& !ontra!t d"$t! ai "d &ro t*" +o,"rn "nt o& on" !o'ntr% $% t*" +o,"rn "nt o& anot*"r !o'ntr% a $"in+ d'" to itnationa .
C APTER JF T E RI: T O E7UALIT
Art. 2 o& C*art"r o& t*" UNF =T*"or+ani ation i $a "d on t*"#rin!i# " o& t*" o,"r"i+n "D'a it%o& a it " $"r ./tat" ar" 6'ridi!a % "D'a "n6o%t*" a " ri+*t and *a," "D'a!a#a!it% in t*"ir "<"r!i ". T*"ri+*t o& "a!* on" do not d"#"nd'#on t*" #o "r *i!* it #o " "to a 'r" it "<"r!i " $'t '#on t*"
i # " &a!t o& it "<i t"n!" a a#"r on 'nd"r int"rnationa a .
E//ENCE O E7UALIT
o" not i+ni&% #arit% in #*% i!a#o "r #o iti!a inK'"n!" or"!ono i! tat' or #r" ti+"ED'a it% do" not ","n r"D'ir""D'a it% in t*" n' $"r o& ri+*tA t*" ri+*t o& a /tat" r"+ard "o& t*"ir n' $"r ' t $" o$ "r,"dand r" #"!t"dA /tat" $i+ or a *a," an"D'a ri+*t to t*" "n6o% "nt o& at*"ir r" #"!ti," attri$'t" a
" $"r o& t*" &a i % o& nationA " $"r o& UN *a," "a!* on",ot" in t*" :"n"ra A " $ % a,ot" *a,in+ "D'a "i+*t and ar"+"n"ra % " i+i$ " &or #o ition int*" ,ario' or+an o& t*" UN
A&ri!an and A ian tat" and on % 1!an !o " &ro t*" Ea t"rnE'ro#"an /tat".In :"n"ra A " $ % a " $"r*a," on ,ot" r"+ard " o& t*"n' $"r o& #"o# " t*"% "#arat" %r"#r" "nt.
CHAPTER
THE RIGHT OF E<UALIT,
Art. 2 o& C*art"r o& t*" UN =T*"or+ani ation i $a "d on t*"#rin!i# " o& t*" o,"r"i+n "D'a it%o& a it " $"r/tat" ar" 6'ridi!a % "D'a "n6o%t*" a " ri+*t and *a," "D'a!a#a!it% in t*"ir "<"r!i ". T*"ri+*t o& "a!* on" do not d"#"nd'#on t*" #o "r *i!* it #o " "to a 'r" it "<"r!i " $'t '#on t*"
i # " &a!t o& it "<i t"n!" a a#"r on 'nd"r int"rnationa a .
E//ENCE O E7UALIT
o" not i+ni&% #arit% in #*% i!a#o "r #o iti!a inK'"n!" or"!ono i! tat' or #r" ti+"ED'a it% do" not ","n r"D'ir""D'a it% in t*" n' $"r o& ri+*t .PRINCIPLEF A t*" ri+*t o& a tat"r"+ard " o& t*"ir n' $"r ' t$" o$ "r,"d and r" #"!t"d
A tat" $i+ or a *a," an"D'a ri+*t to t*" "n6o% "nt o& at*"ir r" #"!ti," attri$'t" a
" $"r o& t*" &a i % o& nation .A " $"r o& UN *a," "a!* on",ot" in t*" :"n"ra A " $ % a,ot" *a,in+ "D'a "i+*t and ar"+"n"ra % " i+i$ " &or #o ition int*" ,ario' or+an o& t*" UN=Par in #ar"n non *a$"t i #"ri' ?
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
O#"n "a and o't"r #a!" ar" not' !"#ti$ " to di !o,"r% and
o!!'#ation.
2 RE7UI/ITE/ O A 5ALI I/CO5ER ANOCCUPATION
1. Po " ion2. Ad ini tration
Po " ion ' t $" ! ai "d on$"*a & o& t*" tat". B" "3"!t"dt*ro'+* a &or a #ro! a ation andt*" % $o i! a!t o& rai in+ t*"nationa Ka+ in t*" t"rritor%.M"r" #o " ion i not '9!"
it*in *i!* t*" di !o,"rin+ tat"a% " ta$ i * a "tt " "nt
t*"r"on and !o "n!" toad ini t"r it.
I/LAN O PALMA/ CA/E
i !o,"r% a on" it*o't an%'$ "D'"nt a!t !annot at t*"
#r" "nt ti " '9!" to #ro,"o,"r"i+nt% o& I and o& Pa a .
An in!*oat" tit " !o' d not #r",aio,"r t*" !ontin'o' and #"a!"&'di # a% o& a't*orit% $% anot*"r
tat" &or '!* di # a% a% #r",ai","n o,"r a #rior d";niti," tit "#'t &or ard $% anot*"r tat".
CLIPPERTONE I/LAN CA/E
Tit " a d"" "d a!D'ir"d $%ran!" o,"r an i and it *ad
&or a % ! ai "d $'t *ad n","rad ini t"r"d. " #ro! ai "d and
d"! ar"d t*at t*" o,"r"i+nt% o& t*" aid i and $"+innin+ &ro t*atdat" $" on+"d in #"r#"t'it% to *i
a6" t%.I& a t"rritor% $% ,irt'" o& t*" &a!tt*at it a !o # "t" % 'nin*a$it"d&ro t*" ;r t o "nt *"n t*"o!!'#%in+ tat" a " ita##"aran!" t*"r" at t*" a$ o 't"and 'ndi #'t"d #o " ion o& t*at/tat" &ro t*at o "nt t*" ta in+o& #o " ion i !on id"r"da!!o # i *"d and t*" o!!'#ation i&or a % !o # "t"d.
ERELICTION T"rritor% i o t $%d"r" i!tion *"n t*" tat" "<"r!i in+
o,"r"i+nt% o,"r it #*% i!a % it*dra&ro it it* t*" int"ntion o& a$andonin+ ita to+"t*"r.
!ondition ' t !on!'rF
1. A!t o& it*dra a2. Int"ntion to a$andon
PRE/CRIPTION Pr" !ri#tion inint"rnationa a r"D'ir" on+ !ontin'"dand ad,"r " #o " ion to ," t a!D'i iti,"tit " in t*" ! ai ant.
CE//ION M"t*od $% *i!* t"rritor% itran &"rr"d &ro on" tat" to anot*"r $%a+r"" "nt $"t ""n t*" . A!D'i ition o& t"rritor% $% !" ion i ' 'a % "3"!t"d $%
'!* &a i iar tran a!tion a a "donation $art"r or "<!*an+" and ","n $%t" ta "ntar% di #o ition.
E<a # " ar" t*" #'r!*a " $% t*"U/ o& A a a &ro R' ia in 1 G
t*" +i&t $% A' tria o& Lo $ard% toran!" in 1 J
/UB U:ATION T"rritor% i d"" "da!D'ir"d $% '$6'+ation *"n *a,in+$""n #r",io' % !onD'"r"d or o!!'#i"d int*" !o'r " o& ar $% t*" "n" % it i&or a % ann"<"d to it at t*" "nd o& t*at
ar.
ConD'" t a on" !on&"r on % anin!*oat" ri+*t on t*" o!!'#%in+
tat"H it i t*" &or a a!t o&
ann"<ation t*at !o # "t" t*"a!D'i ition.
ACCRETION Mod" o& a!D'irin+ t"rritor%$a "d on t*" #rin!i# " o& a!!" ion !"dat#rin!i#a i. It i a!!o # i *"d t*ro'+* $ot*nat'ra or arti;!ia #ro!" " a $% t*"+rad'a and i #"r!"#ti$ " d"#o it o& oion t*" !oa t o& t*" !o'ntr% t*ro'+* t*"a!tion o& t*" at"r or or" "3"!ti," % $%r"! a ation #ro6"!t i " t*o " 'nd"rta "nin Mani a Bat and t*" #o d"r o& o and.
COMPONENT O TERRITOR
1. T"rr" tria do ain2. Mariti " do ain@. ',ia do ain4. A"ria do ain
T E TERRE/TRIAL OMAIN
Land a
T E MARITIME AN LU5IAL OMAIN
Bodi" o& at"r it*in t*" and
a and t*" at"r ad6a!"nt tot*" !oa t o& t*" tat" '# to a#"!i;"d i it.
#a a+" a i& t*"% "r" o#"n "a . A&or"i+n ," " n""d not +o aro'nd o'rint"rna at"r $'t a% ' " t*" "ar!*i#" a+i! "a an" in n"+otiatin+ t*"di tan!" &ro on" #oint o& t*" o#"n "a toanot*"r.
T E CONTI:UOU/ ZONE
In a on" o& t*" *i+* "a!onti+'o' to it t"rritoria "a t*"!oa ta tat" a% "<"r!i " t*"!ontro toF a) #r","nt in&rin+" "nto& it !' to ; !a i i+rationor anitar% r"+' ation it*in itt"rritor% or t"rritoria "a. B) P'ni *in&rin+" "nt o& t*" a$o,"r"+' ation it*in it t"rritor% ort"rritoria "a.Conti+'o' on" a% not*o ","r "<t"nd or" t*an 12
i " &ro t*" !oa t o& t*" tat"1J 2 CON5ENTION ON T E LAWO T E /EA Conti+'o' on" a o"<t"nd 12 i " $'t &ro t*"o't"r i it o& t*" t"rritoria "a.
T E CONTINENTAL / EL
a) To t*" "a$"d and '$ oi o& i i arar"a ad6a!"nt to t*" !oa t i& i and
T*" !oa ta tat" *a t*" o,"r"i+nri+*t to "<# or" t*" !ontin"nta
*" & and to "<# oit it nat'rar" o'r!" .It a% "r"!t on it '!* in ta ationand "D'i# "nt a a% $"n"!" ar%.
T E PATRIMONIAL /EA
T*" "<! ' i," "!ono i! on" or t*"#atri onia "a "<t"nd 200na'ti!a i " &ro t*" !oa t or t*"$a " in" . A i,in+ and non- i,in+r" o'r!" &o'nd t*"r"in $" on+"<! ' i," % to t*" !oa ta tat".
OPEN /EA/
A,ai a$ " to t*" ' " o& a tat" &or#'r#o " o& na,i+ation K%in+ o,"rt*" a%in+ '$ arin" !a$ " or; *in+. In ti " o& ar *o ti iti"
a% $" a+"d on t*" o#"n "a .
T E LOTU/ CA/E
A !o i ion o!!'rr"d on t*" *i+* "a$"t ""n a r"n!* ," " Lot' and a
T'r i * ," " Bo - o'rt. T*" Bo -
o'rt an and i "d "i+*t T'r i *nationa on $oard t*" T'r i * ," " . T*"10 'r,i,or o& t*" Bo - o'rt (in! 'din+ it!a#tain) "r" ta "n to T'r "% on $oard t*"Lot' . In T'r "% t*" o9!"r on at!* o& t*" Lot' ( " on ) and t*" !a#tain o&
t*" T'r i * *i# "r" !*ar+"d it*an a'+*t"r. " on a r"n!* nationaa "nt"n!"d to 0 da% o&
i #ri on "nt and a ;n". T*" r"n!*+o,"rn "nt #rot" t"d d" andin+ t*"r" "a " o& " on or t*" tran &"r o& *i!a " to t*" r"n!* Co'rt . T'r "% and
ran!" a+r""d to r"&"r t*i di #'t" on t*" 6'ri di!tion to t*" P"r an"nt Co'rt o& Int"rnationa ' ti!" (PCI ).
EL F T*" ;r t #rin!i# " o& t*" Lot' !a "aid t*at 6'ri di!tion i t"rritoria F A /tat"
!annot "<"r!i " it 6'ri di!tion o%&s e &s&e"" &o" 'n " it an int"rnationa tr"at%or !' to ar% a #"r it it to do o. T*ii *at " !a "d t*" ;r t Lot' Prin!i# ".
A /TATE MA E ERCI/E URI/ ICTION ON T E OPEN /EA/ IN T E OLLOWIN:IN/TANCE/F
1. O,"r it ," "2. O,"r #irat"@. In t*" "<"r!i " o& t*" ri+*t o& ,i it
and "ar!*4. Und"r t*" do!trin" o& *ot 'it
AERIAL URI/ ICTION
T*" !on "n ' a##"ar to $" t*att*" o!a tat" *a 6'ri di!tion o,"rt*" air #a!" a$o," it to an'n i it"d *"i+*t or at t*" o t '#to *"r" o't"r #a!" $"+in .
AIR REE OM/
1. T*" &r""do to K% a!ro &or"i+nt"rritor% it*o't andin+
2. T*" &r""do to and &or non-tra9!#'r#o "
@. T*" &r""do to #'t do n tra9!ori+inatin+ in t*" tat" o& t*"air!ra&t
. A !"rtainin+ $% a a &' "an!ondition and d"," o# "nt in r"!"i,in+
tat" and r"#ortin+ t*"r"on to +o,"rn "nto& "ndin+ tat"
. In o " !a " r"#r" "ntin+ &ri"nd %+o,"rn "nt at t*"ir r"D'" t
CON UCT O IPLOMATIC MI//ION
T*" di# o ati! a+"nt ' t "<"r!i "t*" 't o t di !r"tion and ta!tta in+ !ar" a a% to #r" "r," t*"+ood i o& t*" "ndin+ tat" andto a,oid int"r&"r"n!" it* itint"rna a3air .
i# o ati! i 'nit% i " "ntia % a#o iti!a D'" tion and !o'rt *o' d r"&' "to oo $"%ond a d"t"r ination $% t*""<"!'ti," $ran!* o& t*" +o,"rn "nt and
*"r" t*" # "a o& di# o ati! i 'nit% ir"!o+ni "d and a9r "d $% t*" "<"!'ti,"$ran!* o& t*" +o,"rn "nt a in t*" !a "at $ar it i t*"n t*" d't% o& t*" !o'rt toa!!"#t t*" ! ai o& i 'nit% '#ona##ro#riat" '++" tion $% t*" #rin!i#a
a o9!"r o& t*" +o,"rn "nt t*" /o i!itor:"n"ra in t*i !a " or ot*"r o9!"r a!tin+'nd"r *i dir"!tion.
IN5IOLABILIT O IPLOMATIC PREMI/E/
T*" #r" i " o& t*" i ion *a$" in,io a$ ". T*" a+"nt o& t*"r"!"i,in+ tat" a% not "nt"r t*""<!"#t it* t*" !on "nt o& t*"*"ad o& i ion.
IN5IOLABILIT O ARC I5E/
T*" r"!"i,in+ tat" *a no ri+*t to
#r% into t*" o9!ia #a#"r andr"!ord o& a &or"i+n di# o ati!i ion.
=t*" ar!*i," and do!' "nt o& t*"i ion *a $" in,io a$ " at an%
ti " and *"r","r t*"% a% $"?
IN5IOLABILIT O COMMUNICATION
=T*" r"!"i,in+ tat" *a #"r itand #rot"!t &r"" !o 'ni!ation ont*" #art o& t*" i ion &or ao9!ia #'r#o " . In !o 'ni!atin+
it* t*" +o,"rn "nt and ot*"ri ion and !on ' at" o& t*""ndin+ tat" *"r","r it'at"d
t*" i ion a% " # o% aa##ro#riat" "an in! 'din+di# o ati! !o'ri"r and " a+"in !od" or !i#*"r.?
E EMPTION ROM TE/TIMONIAL UTIE/
=A di# o ati! a+"nt i not o$ i+"dto +i," ",id"n!" a a itn" ?
" i not #ro*i$it"d $%int"rnationa a &ro doin+ o and
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
t*" #ro "!'tion o& *i!* *it" ti on% " n"!" ar%.
E EMPTION/ ROM TA ATION
A o &ro o!ia "!'rit%r"D'ir" "nt 'nd"r !"rtain!ondition .P"r ona $a++a+" i a o &r"" &roin #"!tion 'n " t*"r" ar" "rio'+ro'nd
T E IPLOMATIC /UITE OR RETINUE
I 'niti" and #ri,i "+" ar"a,ai a$ " not on % to t*" *"ad o&
i ion and *i &a i % $'t a o tot*" ot*"r " $"r o& t*"di# o ati! r"tin'" a $"it not in t*"
a " d"+r"".
URATION
E,"r% #"r on "ntit "d to di# o ati!#ri,i "+" and i 'niti" *a"n6o% t*" &ro t*" o "nt *""nt"r t*" t"rritor% o& t*" r"!"i,in+
tat" on #ro!""din+ to ta " '# *i#o t or i& a r"ad% t*"r" &ro t*"
o "nt *i a##oint "nt i noti;"dto t*" &or"i+n ini tr%.W*"n *i &'n!tion *a," to !o "to an "nd *i #ri,i "+" and
i 'niti" *a nor a % !"a "&ro o "nt *" "a," t*"!o'ntr% or on "<#ir% o& ar"a ona$ " ti " in *i!* to do o$'t *a '$ i t 'nti '!* ti "","n in !a " o& ar "d !onKi!t.In t*" "<"r!i " o& *i o9!ia&'n!tion i 'nit% *a !ontin'"ind";nit" % a it i '##o "d to*a," atta!*"d to *i #"r ona %$'t to t*" tat" *" ar"#r" "ntin+
TERMINATION O IPLOMATIC MI//IONU 'a "t*od o& t"r inatin+o9!ia r" ation F d"at*r" i+nation r" o,a a$o ition o& t*" o9!" "t!. t*" " ar" +o,"rn"d$% 'ni!i#a a .
T*" or" i #ortant od" ar"RECALL and I/MI//AL
RECALL Ma% d" and"d $% t*" r"!"i,in+tat" *"n t*" &or"i+n di# o at $"!o "
#"r ona non +rata to it &or an% #"r on.
I/MI//AL T*" o3"ndin+ di# o at ii # % a "d to "a," t*" !o'ntr%.
T*" o't$r"a o& ar $"t ""n t*""ndin+ and r"!"i,in+ tat"
t"r inat" t*"ir di# o ati!r" ation .
A &or t*" !*an+" o& t*" +o,t.di# o ati! r" ation ar" notdi t'r$"d i& t*" !*an+" i #"a!"&'$'t a% $" ' #"nd"d *"r" it i"3"!t"d $% "an o& ,io "n!"
CHAPTER 1#CONSULS
QCON/UL/ tat" a+"nt r" idin+ a$road&or ,ario' #'r#o " $'t ain % in t*"int"r" t o& COMMERCE and NA5I:ATION
QCon ' ar" not !*ar+"d it* t*" d't% o& r"#r" "ntin+ t*"ir tat" in #o iti!a
att"r nor ar" t*"% a!!r"dit"d to t*"tat" *"r" t*"% ar" '##o "d to
di !*ar+" t*"ir &'n!tion
Q!on ' do not ordinari % "n6o% a t*"traditiona di# o ati! i 'niti" and#ri,i "+" a t*o'+* t*"% ar" to a !"rtain"<t"nt "ntit "d to #"!ia tr"at "nt 'nd"rt*" a o& nation
2 $ s a$ G"a esQCON/ULE/ MI//I #ro&" iona or !ar""r!on ' *o ar" nationa o& t*"a##ointin+ tat" and ar" r"D'ir"d tod",ot" t*"ir &' ti " to t*" di !*ar+" o&t*"ir !on ' ar d'ti"
QCON/ULE/ ELECTI a% or a% not $"nationa o& t*" a##ointin+ tat" and#"r&or t*"ir !on ' ar &'n!tion on % inaddition to t*"ir r"+' ar !a in+
Appo $&0e$&Con ' d"ri," t*"ir a't*orit% &ro t o#rin!i#a o'r!" F
QLETTER PATENT LETTRE EPRO5I/ION !o i ion i '"d $% t*"
"ndin+ tat"QE E7UATUR a't*orit% +i,"n to
t*" $% t*" r"!"i,in+ tat" to "<"r!i "t*"ir d'ti" t*"r"in
!on ' ar" #'$ i! o9!"r not on % o& t*""ndin+ tat" $'t o& t*" r"!"i,in+ tat" a" and ar" +o,"rn"d $% t*" a o& $ot*
Q tat" a% r"&' " to r"!"i," !on ' andto it**o d t*" "<"D'at'r &ro t*"
it*o't "<# anation
F%$ & o$sQ!o "r!" and na,i+ationQi 'an!" o& #a #ort and ,i aQd'ti" o& #rot"!tion o& nationa
QPRINCIPAL UT O CON/UL/F #ro ot"t*" !o "r!ia int"r" t o& t*"ir !o'ntr%in t*" r"!"i,in+ tat" and to o$ "r," t*"!o "r!ia tr"nd and d"," o# "ntt*"r"in &or r"#ort to t*"ir *o "+o,"rn "nt
Qa o #"r&or d'ti" r" atin+ to na,i+ation ,i itin+ and in #"!tin+ ," " o& t*"ir
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
di tri!tH "<"r!i in+ a "a 'r" o& '#"r,i ion o,"r '!* ," " H ad6' tin+att"r #"rtainin+ to t*"ir int"rna ord"r
and di !i# in"
I00%$ & es a$ P" / 'e es
Q!on ' *a," a ri+*t to o9!ia!o 'ni!ation and a% !orr" #ond it*t*"ir *o " +o,"rn "nt or ot*"r o9!ia$odi" $% an% "an in! 'din+ !i#*"r or!od" it*o't $"in+ '$6"!t"d to!"n or *i# or 'nr"a ona$ " r" traint.
o ","r t*i ri+*t a% $" r" tri!t"d*"n","r it i "<"r!i "d to t*" #r"6'di!"
o& t*" r"!"i,in+ tat"
QCon ' "n6o% t*" in,io a$i it% o& t*"irar!*i," *i!* a% not $" "<a in"d or
"i "d $% t*" r"!"i,in+ tat" 'nd"r an%!ir!' tan!" nor a% t*"ir #rod'!tion ort" ti on% !on!"rnin+ t*" $" !o #" "din o9!ia #ro!""din+ . B't t*i i 'nit%do" not "<t"nd to t*" !on ' ar #r" i "t*" " ," *"r" t*" "+a #ro!" a%$" "r,"d and arr" t ad" it*o't,io ation o& int"rnationa a "<!"#t on %in t*at #art *"r" !on ' ar or i $"in+#"r&or "d
Q!on ' ar o9!" a% ","n $""<#ro#riat"d &or #'r#o " o& nationad"&"n " or #'$ i! 'ti it%
Q!ri ina o3"n " F !on ' ar" "<" #t&ro o!a 6'ri di!tion &or !ri "!o itt"d $% t*" in t*" di !*ar+" o& t*"ir o9!ia &'n!tion . Ot*"r o3"n " F&' % '$6"!t to o!a a and a% $"arr" t"d #ro "!'t"d and #'ni *"d in#ro#"r #ro!""din+Q!on ' ar" not #ro "!'t"d &or inoro3"n " and *"n arr" t"d ar" +i,"nad"D'at" o##ort'nit% to "!'r" t*"irr" "a " on $ai at t*" "ar i" t #o i$ "ti "Q !i,i 'it F in tit't"d a+ain t !on '#"r ona or #ri,at" !a#a!it% $'t not in
att"r !onn"!t"d it* t*"ir o9!ia d'ti"Q!on ' ar" +"n"ra % "<" #t"d &rota<ation !' to d'ti" "r,i!" in t*"
i itia and o!ia "!'rit% r' " and ar"#ri,i "+"d to di # a% t*"ir nationa Ka+ andin i+nia in t*" !on ' at" a t*o'+* t*" "!on!" ion ar" !on id"r"d =non-" "ntia ? to t*" #ro#"r di !*ar+" o& t*"iro9!ia d'ti"Qt*" " i 'niti" and #ri,i "+" ar" a oa,ai a$ " to t*" " $"r o& t*" !on ' ar#o t t*"ir r" #"!ti," &a i i" and t*"#ri,at" ta3. Wai,"r a% in +"n"ra $"
ad" $% t*" "ndin+ tat".
Te"0 $a& o$ of Co$s%'a" + ss o$Qr" o,a r" i+nation d"at* "<#iration o& t"rQ t*" "<"D'at'r a% a o $" it*dra n $%t*" r"!"i,in+ tat" "it*"r o& t*"
a##ointin+ or r"!"i,in+ tat" a% $""<tin+'i *"d or ar a% $r"a o't$"t ""n t*" .Q in t*" ","nt o& ar t*" !on ' at" i! o "d and t*" ar!*i," ar" "a "d and "&tin t*" !' tod% o& a !ar"ta "r ' 'a % a
!on ' &ro a n"'tra tat".Q t*" !on ' &ro t*" $" i+"r"nt tat" ia o "d to d"#art &or *i o n !o'ntr% a
oon a #o i$ " and it*o't 'nn"!" ar%o " tation
CHAPTER 19TREATIES
TREAT &or a a+r"" "nt ' 'a % $'tnot n"!" ari % in ritin+ *i!* i "nt"r"dinto $% tat" or "ntiti" #o " in+ t*"tr"at%- a in+ !a#a!it% &or t*" #'r#o " o& r"+' atin+ t*"ir 't'a r" ation 'nd"r t*"
a o& nation .Qan "<"!'ti," a+r"" "nt i NOT a tr"at%
F%$ & o$s of T"ea& es1. Tr"ati" "na$ " #arti" to "tt "
;na % a!t'a and #ot"ntia !onKi!t2. Tr"ati" a " #o i$ " &or t*"
#arti" to odi&% t*" r' " o& int"rnationa !' to ar% a $%
"an o& o#tiona #rin!i# " ortandard
@. T*"% a% "ad to a tran &or ationo& 'nor+ani "d int"rnationa
o!i"t% into on" *i!* a% $"or+ani "d on an% !*o "n "," o&
o!ia int"+ration4. T*"% #ro,id" t*" *' ' &or t*"
+ro t* o& int"rnationa !' to ar%a
Esse$& a' Re % s &es of a Va' T"ea&1. Ent"r"d into $% #arti" it* t*"
tr"at%- a in+ !a#a!it%2. T*ro'+* t*"ir a't*ori "d
r"#r" "ntati,"@. Wit*o't t*" att"ndan!" o& d'r"
&ra'd i ta " or ot*"r ,i!" o& !on "nt
4. On an% a &' '$6"!t- att"r. In a!!ordan!" it* t*"ir r" #"!ti,"
!on tit'tiona #ro!" "
T"ea& *0a $ p"o essNE:OTIATION /I:NATURE RATI ICATIONAN E C AN:E O T E IN/TRUMENT/ ORATI ICATION
NEGOTIATION on" o& t*" #arti" to'$ it a dra&t o& t*" #ro#o "d tr"at%*i!* to+"t*"r it* t*" !o'nt"r-
#ro#o a $"!o " t*" $a i o& t*"'$ "D'"nt n"+otiation .
Q'nd"rta "n dir"!t % $% t*" *"ad o& t*" tat" or a i+n t*i ta to *ia't*ori "d r"#r" "ntati,"
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
Qi& and *"n t*" n"+otiator ;na % d"!id"on t*" t"r o& t*" tr"at% t*" a " io#"n"d &or SIGNATURE .
Q i+nat'r" "an o& a't*"nti!atin+ t*" in tr' "nt and &or t*"#'r#o " o& % $o i in+ t*" +ood &ait* o&
t*" #arti" H $'t it do" not indi!at" t*";na !on "nt o& t*" tat"Qt*" do!' "nt i ordinari % i+n"d
in a!!ordan!" it* t*" a t"rnat t*at i"a!* o& t*" ","ra n"+otiator i a o "dto i+n ;r t on t*" !o#% *i!* *" i $rin+*o " to *i o n tat"
RATIFICATION &or a a!t $% *i!* atat" !on;r and a!!"#t t*" #ro,i ion
o& a tr"at% !on! 'd"d $% itr"#r" "ntati," .
QP'r#o "H "na$ " t*" !ontra!tin+tat" to "<a in" t*" tr"at% or" ! o " %
and to +i," t*" an o##ort'nit% to r"&' "to $" $o'nd $% it *o' d t*"% ;nd itini i!a to t*"ir int"r" tQE=CHANGE OF THE INSTRU+ENTS OFRATIFICATION i+ni;" t*" "3"!ti,it%o& t*" tr"at% 'n " a di3"r"nt dat" *a$""n a+r""d '#on $% t*" #arti"
B $ $ E e & of T"ea& esQA tr"at% i $indin+ on % on t*"!ontra!tin+ #arti" in! 'din+ not on % t*"ori+ina i+natori" $'t a o ot*"r tat"
*i!* a t*o'+* t*"% a% not *a,"#arti!i#at"d in t*" n"+otiation o& t*"a+r"" "nt *a," $""n a o "d $% t*"t"r to i+n it at"r $% a #ro!" no na ACCESSIONQIn tan!" *"n @ rd tat" a% $" ,a id %*" d to t*" o$ "r,an!" o& or $"n";t &rot*" #ro,i ion o& a tr"at%.
Q tr"at% a% $" "r" % a &or a"<#r" ion o& !' to ar% int"rnationa a
*i!* i "n&or!"a$ " on a !i,i i "d tat"$"!a' " o& t*"ir " $"r *i# in t*" &a i %o& nation
Q &or t*" aint"nan!" o& int"rnationa #"a!" and "!'rit%
Q #arti" to a##ar"nt % 'nr" at"dtr"ati" a% a o $" in "d $% t*" o t-&a,or"d-nation ! a' " 'nd"r *i!* a!ontra!tin+ tat" "ntit "d to o t-&a,or"d-nation tr"at "nt &ro t*" ot*"r a% ! ait*" $"n";t "<t"nd"d $% t*" att"r toanot*"r tat" in a "#arat" a+r"" "nt
O5se"/a$ e of T"ea& esQ 'nda "nta r' " o& int"rnationa a iPACTA /UNT /ER5AN A *i!* r"D'ir"t*" #"r&or an!" in +ood &ait* o& tr"at%o$ i+ationQ#arti" ' t !o # % it* t*"ir!o it "nt 'nd"r a tr"at% and !annoti+nor" or odi&% it #ro,i ion it*o't t*"!on "nt o& t*" ot*"r i+natori"Q a tr"at% "n+a+" "nt i not a "r" orao$ i+ation $'t !r"at" a "+a % $indin+o$ i+ation
Q tr"ati" r"a % i it o& r" tri!t t*"a$ o 't"n" o& o,"r"i+nt%. B% t*"ir,o 'ntar% a!t nation a% 'rr"nd"r
o " a #"!t o& t*"ir tat" #o "r in"<!*an+" &or +r"at"r $"n";t +rant"d $%or d"ri,"d &ro a !on,"ntion or #a!t
Q t*" o,"r"i+nt% o& a tat" t*"r"&or"!annot in &a!t and in r"a it% $" !on id"r"da$ o 't"
Q r" tri!tion F1. i itation i #o "d $% t*" ,"r%
nat'r" o& " $"r *i# in t*" &a i % o& nation
2. i itation i #o "d $% tr"at%ti#' ation
Q OCTRINE O REBU/ /IC /TANTIBU/ !on tit't" an att" #t to &or ' at" a
"+a #rin!i# " *i!* o' d 6' ti&% non#"r&or an!" o& a tr"at% o$ i+ation i& t*"!ondition it* r" ation to *i!* t*"#arti" !ontra!t"d *a," !*an+"d o
at"ria % and o 'n"<#"!t"d % a to!r"at" a it'ation in *i!* t*" "<a!tion o& #"r&or an!" o' d $" 'nr"a ona$ ".
QLi itation F1. a## i" on % to tr"ati" o&
ind";nit" d'ration2. t*" ,ita !*an+" ' t *a," $""n
'n&or" ""n or 'n&or" ""a$ " and *o' dnot *a," $""n !a' "d $% t*" #art%in,o in+ t*" do!trin"
@. t*" do!trin" ' t $" in,o "dit*in a r"a ona$ " ti "
4. it !annot o#"rat" r"troa!ti," %'#on t*" #ro,i ion o& t*" tr"at% a r"ad%"<"!'t"d #rior to t*" !*an+" o& !ir!' tan!"
T"ea& I$&e"p"e&a& o$QT*" $a i! r' " in t*" int"r#r"tation o& tr"ati" i to +i," "3"!t to t*" int"ntion o& t*" #arti" . T*i *o' d $" di !o,"ra$ " int*" t"r o& t*" tr"at% it " & Qt*" ' 'a !anon o& tat'tor%!on tr'!tion ar" " # o%"d in t*"int"r#r"tation o& tr"ati"
Q r"ad in t*" i+*t o& t*" *o "in tr' "nt and " #"!ia % &or t*" #'r#o "o& t*" tr"at%
Q ord ' "d ar" +i,"n t*"irnat'ra "anin+ 'n " a t"!*ni!a "n "
a int"nd"d andQ *"n t*"% *a," di3"r"nt
"anin+ in t*" !ontra!tin+ tat" *o' d$" int"r#r"t"d in a!!ordan!" it* t*"' a+" o& t*" tat" *"r" t*"% ar"
'##o "d to ta " "3"!tQ do'$t *o' d $" r" o ,"d
a+ain t t*" i #o ition o& o$ i+ation andin &a,or o& t*" o& t*" &r""do and
o,"r"i+nt% o& t*" !ontra!tin+ #arti"Q !onKi!t in tr"at% int"r#r"tation
Q indi,id'a i "r" % an o$6"!t and not a'$6"!t o& int"rnationa a and i t*' not
dir"!t % +o,"rn"d $% it r' "Q NATIONALIT ti" t*at $ind anindi,id'a to *i tat" &ro *i!* *" !an! ai #rot"!tion and *o " a *" io$ i+"d to o$"%. Nationa it% i " $"r *i#in a #o iti!a !o 'nit% it* a it!on!o itant ri+*t and o$ i+ationQ CITIZEN/ IP a## i" on % to !"rtain
" $"r o& t*" tat" a!!ord"d or"#ri,i "+" t*an t*" r" t o& t*" #"o# " *oa o o " it a "+ian!"Q /UB ECT #arti!' ar r"&"r"n!" to t*"nationa o& onar!*i!a r"+i "
A % s & o$ of $a&%"a' & B BIRTH o" B NATURALI;ATION
Q an indi,id'a a!D'ir" t*" nationa it% o& t*" tat" *"r" *" i $orn (6' o i) or t*"nationa it% o& *i #ar"nt (6'r" an+'ini )Q NATURALIZATION #ro!" $% *i!* a&or"i+n"r a!D'ir" ,o 'ntari % or $%o#"ration o& a t*" nationa it% o& anot*"r
tat"Q IRECT NATURALIZATIONF
a. $% indi,id'a #ro!""din+' 'a % 6'di!ia 'nd"r +"n"ranat'ra i ation a
Q on o'r o n a an a i"n o anarri"d to a i i#ino *a a!D'ir" *i
!iti "n *i# on % i& *" *"r " & i+*t $"a &' % nat'ra i "d
+%'& p'e Na& o$a' &
Q OCTRINE O IN ELIBLE ALLE:IANCE an indi,id'a a% $" !o #" "d to r"tain*i ori+ina nationa it% not it* tandin+t*at *" *a a r"ad% r"no'n!"d or &or&"it"dit 'nd"r t*" a o& a "!ond tat" *o "nationa it% *" *a a!D'ir"d
Q a tat" a% a o an% o& it nationa tor" ain a '!* ","n i& *" a% *a,"a!D'ir"d anot*"r nationa it% a *"r" *"i !on&"rr"d an *onorar% !iti "n *i# $% a&or"i+n +o,"rn "nt
Loss of Na& o$a' &Q ,o 'ntar% "t*od r"n'n!iation"<#r" or i # i"d and r"D'" t &orr" "a " $ot* o& *i!* ' 'a % #r"!"d" t*"a!D'i ition o& a n" nationa it%Q in,o 'ntar% "t*od &or&"it'r" a ar" ' t o& o " di D'a i;!ation or#ro*i$it"d a!t i" "n i t "nt in a &or"i+nar % or on+ !ontin'"d r" id"n!" in a&or"i+n tat" and '$ tit'tion o& on"nationa it% &or anot*"r &o o in+ a !*an+"o& o,"r"i+nt%
S&a&e'ess$essQ tat" " n" i t*" !ondition or tat'o& an indi,id'a *o i $orn it*o't an%nationa it% or *o o " *i nationa it%
it*o't r"tainin+ or a!D'irin+ anot*"rQ indi,id'a i #o "r " to a "rt an%ri+*t t*at ot*"r i " o' d $" a,ai a$ " to*i 'nd"r int"rnationa a .Q An% in6'r% to t*" indi,id'a $% a &or"i+n
6'ri di!tion i not a ,io ation o& *i o nri+*t $'t o& t*" ri+*t o& t*" tat" to t*"#rot"!tion o& it nationa H t*" ri+*t to!o # ain $" on+ not to *i $'t to t*"
tat" o& *i!* *" i a nationa .
CHAPTER 1?
TREAT+ENT OF ALIENS
Q ","r% tat" *a t*" ri+*t a in*"r"nt in
o,"r"i+nt% and " "ntia to it o n"!'rit% and "<i t"n!" to d"t"r in" in*at !a " and 'nd"r *at !ondition
&or"i+n"r a% $" ad itt"d to it t"rritor%
Q on!" it d"!id" to a!!"#t t*" it!o #"t"n!" a t"rritoria o,"ri"+n a
i it"d $% t*" r"D'ir" "nt t*at t*"% $"tr"at"d 6' t % in a!!ordan!" it* t*" ao& nation
Q t*" a i"n !anot a a r' " ! ai a#r"&"rr"d #o ition ,i -a-,i t*" nationa o& t*" tat" *"r" *" i at $" t on % a +'" t
Q t*" &or"i+n"r a% not "n6o% t*" ri+*t to,ot" to r'n &or #'$ i! o9!" to "<# oitnat'ra r" o'r!" or to "n+a+" in !"rtain$' in" " r"+ard"d a ,ita to t*"int"r" t o& t*" o!a tat"
Q tat" i not an in 'r"ro& t*" i&" or#ro#"rt% o& t*" a i"n *" *" i it*in itt"rritor%
Q t*" &or"i+n"r i "<#"!t"d to ta " t*"!' to ar% #r"!a'tion &or t*" #rot"!tiono& *i o n ri+*t and to a,ai *i " & o& t*" ' 'a r" "di" *"n t*" " ri+*t ar",io at"d
THE DOCTRINE OF STATERESPONSIBILIT,
Q in tan!" *"n an a i"n !an ! ai aor" &a,or"d #o ition t*an t*" nationa o&
t*" o!a tat" and *o d t*" tat" ia$ " &orin6'ri" !o itt"d a+ain t *i *i "it*in it t"rritor%
Q a tat" a% $" *" d r" #on i$ " &orF
a. int"rnationa d" iD'"n!%
$. dir"!t % or indir"!t % i #'ta$ " toit
!. *i!* !a' " in6'r% to t*"natona o& anot*"r tat"
Q ia$i t% i atta!* to t*" tat" *"r" ittr"at "nt o& a i"n &a $" o t*"int"rnationa tandard o& 6' ti!" or +"r"it r" i in a!!ordin+ *i t*" #rot"!tionor r"dr" t*at i arrant"d $% t*"!ir!' tan!"
Q UNCTIONF a 'r" t*" tra," "r t*at *"n*i ri+*t ar" ,io at"d in a &or"i+n tat"*" i not $" d"ni"d an% r" "d% i # %$"!a' " *" i not on" o& it nationa
Q "n!o'ra+" or" int"r!o'r "
a on+ t*" #"o# " o& t*" or d t*ro'+*int"r-,i itation o& t*"ir r" #"!ti," !o'ntri"
THE INTERNATIONAL STANDARD OF 7USTICE
Q /tandard o& t* r"a ona$ " tat" t*at ia r"&"rrin+ to t*" ordinar% nor o& o9!ia!ond'!t o$ "r,"d in !i,i i "d 6'ri di!tion .
Q OCTRINE O E7UALIT O TREATMENT *"r" t*" a o& tat" &a $" o t*"
int"rnationa tandard o& 6' ti!" it i nod"&"n " t*at t*"% ar" a## i!a$ " not in %to a i"n $'t a " and "D'a % to t*"nationa o& t*at tat". T*" r" ation o& t*at tat" it* ot o n nationa ar"#'r" % 'ni!i#a H int"rnationa a iin,o ,"d in it r" ation it* t*" nationao& ot*"r tat" .
FAILURE OF PROTECTION OR REDRESS
Q tat" a% $" *" d ia$ " i& it do" nota " r"a ona$ " "3ort to #r","nt in6'r%
to t*" a i"n or *a,in+ don" o'n '!!" &' % &ai to r"#air '!* in6'r%.
Q d"+r"" o& di i+"n!" r"D'ir"d
Q r" #on i$i it% do" not i "diat" %atta!* to t*" tat" '#on a *o in+ o& a&ai 'r" to #r","nt or r"dr" an in6'r% toa i"n
Q di tin!tion ' t $" ad" $"t ""n dir"!tand inir"!t tat" r" #on i$i it%
a. *"r" t*" i t"rnationad" inD'"n!% a !o itt"d $% '#"rior+o,"rn "nt o9!ia or or+an ia$i it% i
atta!* i "diat" % a t*"ir a!t a% not$" "3"!ti," % #r","nt"d or r","r "d 'nd"rt*" !on tit'tion and a o& t*" tat"
$. *"r" t*" o3"n " i !o itt"d$% in&"rior +o,"rn "nt o9!ia or or"
o $% #ri,at" indi,id'a t*" tat" i $"*" d ia$ " on % i& $% r"a on o& itindi3"r"n!"in #r","ntin+ or #' *in+ it it!an $" !on id"r"d to *a," !oni,"d in"3"!t in it !o i ion
E=HAUSTION OF LOCAL RE+EDIES
Q t*" ia$i it% o& t*" tat" &or anint"rnationa d" inD'"n!% it "n&or!" n"t!annot $" ! ai "d $% t*" in6'r"d &or"i+n"r'n " *" ;r t "<*a' t a a,ai a$ " o!ar" "di" &or t*" #rot"!tion or ,indi!ationo& *i ri+*t
Q tat" ' t $" +i,"n an o##ort'nit% to do 6' ti!" in it o n r"+' ar a% and it*o't'n arrant"d int"r&"r"n!" it* it
o,"r"i+nt% $% ot*"r tat"
Q t*i r"D'ir" "nt a% $" di #"n "d it**o ","r i& t*"r" ar" no r" "di" to"<*a' t a *"r" t*" a ar"intrin i!a % d"&"!ti," or t*"r" i a<it% orar$itrarin" in t*"ir "n&or!" "nt or
*"r" t*" !o'rt ar" !orr'#t or *"r"t*"r" i no ad"Da't" a!*in"r% &or t*"ad ini tration o& 6' ti!"
Q t*"r" o' d $" NO r" "d% a,ai a$ "&ro =a!t o& tat"? *i!* ar" not '$6"!tto 6'di!ia r",i"
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
"r" indi,id'a !annot in tit't" *i ! aiin *i o n na ".
Q an% in6'r% to an a i"n i a ,io ation not o& *i o n #"r ona r+*t $'t o& t*" ri+*t o& *i tat" to *a!," it nationa #rot"!t"d$'t o& t*" ri+*t o& *i tat" to *a," itnationa #rot"!t"d *"n","r t*"% ar" ina &or"i+n !o'ntr%
Q *"r" t*" in6'r"d a i"n i tat" " *i!a " i $" on" o& ANNUM AB/7UEIN URIA and !annot $" '$6"!t o& di# o ati! #rot"!tion
Q ti" o& nationa it% r"D'ir"d to "<i t &rot*" ti " o& t*" in6'r% 'nti t*" ti " t*"int"rnationa ! ai i ;na % "tt "d. On!"t*" ti" i $ro "n t*" ! ai it " ; d"" "da'to ati!a % a$at"d. I& t*" in6'r"dnationa di" *i " t*" ! ai i 'nd"r!on id"ration and it *o' d *a##"n t*at*i *"r ar" not nationa o& t*" ! ai ant
tat" t*" ! ai i a# "
ENFORCE+ENT OF CLAI+
Q an int"rnationa ! ai &or da a+" a%$" r" o ,"d t*ro'+* n"+otiation or i& t*i&ai an% o& t*" ot*"r "t*od o& "tt in+di #'t"
Q in t*" ","nt t*at t*" r" #on i$i it% o& t*"tat" i " ta$ i *"d or a! no "d+"d t*"
d't% to a " r"a#aration i ari ". /'!*r"#aration a% ta " t*" &or o& RE/TITUTION or /ATI/ ACTION orCOMPEN/ATION.
AVOIDANCE OF STATERESPONSIBILIT,
Q to a,oid t*" int"r,"ntion o& t*" a i"ntat" in !ontra!t t*" o!a tat"o "ti " in!or#orat" t*"r"in *at ino n a t*" CAL5O CLAU/E
Q Ca ,o C a' " ti#' ation $%*i!* t*" a i"n ai," or r" tri!t *i ri+*tto a##"a to *i o n tat" in !onn"!tion
it* an% ! ai ari in+ &ro t*" !ontra!tand a+r"" to i it *i " & to t*"r" "di" a,ai a$ " 'nd"r t*" a o& t*"
o!a tat".
Q !a ,o ! a' " a% $" "n&or!"d aa a &' !ondition o& t*" !ontra!t.
o ","r a% not $" int"r#r"t"d tod"#ri," t*" a i"n tat" o& t*" ri+*t to#rot"!t or ,indi!at" *i int"r" t in !a "
t*"% ar" in6'r"d in anot*"r tat" a '!*ai,"r !an "+a % $" ad" not $% *i $'t$% *i o n tat"
E=CLUSION OF ALIENS
Q t*" tat" a% a o a,oid ia$i it% toa i"n $% r"&' in+ t*"ir ad i ion $'t t*ii not r"+ard"d a o'nd #o i!% in!" it
o' d #ro,o " r"ta iation in ind and' ti at" % i o at" it nationa &ro t*"r" t o& t*" int"rnationa !o 'nit%
Q EPORTATIONF t*" r" o,a o& ana i"n o't o& t*" !o'ntr% i # % $"!a' "*i #r" "n!" i d"" "d in!on i t"nt it*t*" #'$ i! " &ar" and it*o't an%#'ni * "nt $"in+ i #o "d or!ont" # at"d "it*"r 'nd"r t*" a o& t*"!o'ntr% o't o& *i!* *" i "nt or 'nd"rt*o " o& t*" !o'ntr% to *i!* *" i ta "n
Q E CLU/IONF d"nia o& "ntr% to ana i"n
DEPORTATION E=TRADITION
Uni at"ra a!t i& t*"o!a tat"
E3"!t"d at t*"r"D'" t o& t*" tat"o& ori+in
Ba "d on !a' "ari in+ in t*" o!a
tat"
Ba "d on o3"n "+"n"ra %!o itt"d in t*"
tat" o& ori+in
Und" ira$ " a i"na% $" d"#ort"d to
a tat" ot*"r t*an*i o n or t*" tat"o& ori+in
Ca &or t*" r"t'rno& t*" &'+iti," tot*" tat" o& ori+in
Bas s of E@&"a & o$
Q T*" "<tradition o& a #"r on i r"D'ir"don % i& t*"r" i a tr"at% $"t ""n t*" tat"o& r"&'+" and t*" tat" o& ori+in
Q in t*" a$ "n!" o& a tr"at% o!a tat"*a ","r% ri+*t to +rant a % ' to t*"&'+iti," and to r"&' " to d" i,"r *i $a!to t*" att"r tat" ","n i& *" i a nationa
F%$ a0e$&a' P" $ p'es of E@&"a & & o$
1. "<tradition i $a "d on t*" !on "nt o& t*" tat" o& a % '
2. Prin!i# " o& #"!ia t% a &'+iti," *o i"<tradit"d a% $" tri"d on % &or t*" !ri "
#"!i;"d in t*" r"D'" t &or "<tradition andin! 'd"d in t*" i t o& o3"n " in t*""<tradition tr"at%
@. an% #"r on a% $" "<tradit"d
4. #o iti!a and r" i+io' o3"nd"r ar"+"n"ra % not '$6"!t to "<tradition
. in t*" a$ "n!" o& a #"!ia a+r"" "ntt*" o3"n " ' t *a," $""n !o itt"d
it*in t*" t"rritor% or a+ain t t*" int"r" to& t*" d" andin+ tat"
i& t*" 'rr"nd"r o& a &'+iti," i o'+*t ar"D'" t &or *i "<tradition i #r" "nt"dt*ro'+* di# o ati! !*ann" to t*" tat"o& r"&'+"
Q t*i r"D'" t i $" a!!o #ani"d $% t*"n"!" ar% #a#"r r" ati," to t*" id"ntit% o& t*" ant"d #"r on and t*" !ri " *" ia "+"d to *a," !o itt"d or o& *i!* *"*a a r"ad% $""n !on,i!t"d
Q '#on r"!"i#t o& r"D'" t t*" tat" o& r"&'+" i !ond'!t a 6'di!ia in," ti+ation
to a !"rtain i& t*" !ri " i !o,"r"d $% t*""<tradition tr"at% and i& t*"r" i a #ri a&a!i" !a " a+ain t t*" &'+iti," a!!ordin+to it o n a
CHAPTER 1
SETTLE+ENT OF INTERNATIONALDISPUTES
Q I/PUTE "<i t *"n on" tat" ! ait*at anot*"r tat" *o' d *a," $"*a," ina !"rtain ann"r and t*at ! ai ir"6"!t"d $% t*" att"r
Q a!t'a di a+r"" "nt $"t ""ntat" r"+ardin+ t*" !ond'!t to $" ta "n
ri+*t $a "d on a or &a!t ' !"#ti$ " o& ad6'di!ation $% a 6'di!ia or ar$itratri$'na .
Q i #'t" i POLITICAL i& it !annot $"d"!id"d $% "+a #ro!" " on t*" $a i o& t*" '$ tanti," r' " o& int"rnationa a$"!a' " t*" di3"r"n!" o& t*" #arti"
#rin+ &ro ani o iti" in t*"ir 't'aattit'd" rat*"r t*an &ro an anta+onio& "+a ri+*t
Q t*" o 'tion to '!* a di #'t" i" not int*" !o'n!i o& t*" !o'rt $'t in t*"!orridor o& di# o a!%
+e&-o s of se&&' $ sp%&es
di #'t" ar" r"D'ir"d to $" "tt "d!on&or a$ % to on" o& t*" $a i! #rin!i# "o& t*" UN =$% #"a!"&' "an in '!* a
ann"r t*at int"rnationa #"a!" and"!'rit% and 6' ti!" ar" not "ndan+"r"d
A0 a5'e +e&-o s
1. N"+otiation +"n"ra % t*" ;r t t"#ta "n in t*" "tt " "nt o& an int"rnationadi #'t" i t*" di !' ion 'nd"rta "n $%t*" #arti" t*" " ," o& t*"ir r" #"!ti,"! ai and !o'nt"r! ai it* a ,i" tot*"ir 6' t and ord"r % ad6' t "nt.
Q *"r" t*" ta #ro #"r anda+r"" "nt i r"a!*"d it i ' 'a %&or a i "d in a tr"at% or or" dir"!t %"3"!t"d t*ro'+* t*" r"!ti;!ation o& t*"in6'r% !a' "d to t*" ! ai ant tat"
2. InD'ir% in," ti+ation o& t*" #oint inD'" tion on t*" t*"or% t*at t*"ir"d'!ation i !ontri$'t" to t*" o 'tion o& t*" di3"r"n!" $"t ""n t*" #arti" .
@. :ood O9!" "t*od $% *i!* a t*ird#art% att" #t to $rin+ t*" di #'tin+tat" to+"t*"r in ord"r to "na$ " t*" to
di !' t*" i '" in !ont"ntion and arri,"at an a+r"" "nt
4. M"diation t*ird #art% do" not "r" %#ro,id" t*" o##ort'nit% &or t*"anta+oni t to n"+otiat" $'t a o a!ti," %#arti!i#at" in t*"ir di !' ion in ord"r tor"!on!i " t*"ir !onKi!tin+ ! ai anda##"a " t*"ir &"" in+ o& r" "nt "nt
. Con!i iation a!ti," #arti!i#ation o& at*ird #art% in t*" att" #t o& t*"di #'tant to "tt " t*"ir !onKi!t and t*"r"!o "ndation ad" $% it ar" i " i "not $indin+.
. Ar$itration o 'tion o& a di #'t" $% ani #artia t*ird #art% ' 'a % a tri$'na!r"at"d $% t*" #arti" t*" " ," 'nd"r a!*art"r no n a t*" COMPROMI/
G. 'di!ia /"tt " "nt t*" nat'r" o& it#ro!""din+ and t*" $indin+ !*ara!t"r o& t*" d"!i ion $'t a o in t*" &a!t t*at t*"di #'t" '$ itt"d &or ad6'di!ation ar"
"+a rat*"r t*an #o iti!a
ARBITRATION 7UDICIALSETTLE+ENT
Ar$itra tri$'na ian ad *o! $od%!r"at"d and ; "d $%t*" #arti" to t*"di #'t" t*" " ,"
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
a. #rot" t od+"d $% on" $" i+"r"nt' 'a % a!!o #ani"d or &o o "d $% ana##"a
$ r"#aration &or da a+" i !a' " $% t*"d"&"at"d $" i+"r"nt
!. #'ni * "nt o& ar !ri ina
Co00e$ e0e$& of wa"
Q War i '##o "d to !o "n!" on t*"dat" #"!i;"d in t*" d"! aration or on t*"dat" it i !o 'ni!at"d to t*" "n" %
Q &or a it% i o&t"n not o$ "r,"d a",id"n!"d $% t*" n' $"r o& ar t*at*a," $ro "n o't it*o't t*" =#r",io' and
"<# i!it arnin+? r"D'ir"dQ !o "n!" &ro t*" o "nt o& t*" ;r ta!t o& &or!" !o itt"d $% on" tat" it*t*" int"nt o& a in+ ar or !o itt"d
it*o't '!* int"nt $'t !on id"r"d $% t*"ot*"r tat" a !on tit'tin+ ar
E e &s of &-e O%&5"ea of Wa"
1. t*" a o& #"a!" !"a " to r"+' at" t*"r" ation o& t*" $" i+"r"nt and ar"
'#"r "d"d $% t*" a o& ar2. di# o ati! and !on ' ar r" ation$"t ""n t*" $" i+"r"nt ar" t"r inat"dand t*"ir r" #"!ti," r"#r" "ntati," ar"a o "d to r"t'rn to t*"ir o n !o'ntri"
a. nationa it% t" t i& t*"% ar"nationa o& t*" ot*"r $" i+"r"nt *"r","rt*"% a% $"
$. do i!i iar% t" t i& t*"% ar"do i!i "d a i"n in t*" t"rritor% o& t*"ot*"r $" i+"r"nt on t*" a ' #tion t*att*"% !ontri$'t" to it "!ono i! r" o'r!"
!. a!ti,iti" t" t i& $"in+&or"i+n"r t*"% ar" n","rt*" "#arti!i#at" in t*" *o ti iti" in &a,o'r o&
t*" ot*"r $" i+"r"ntQ!or#oration and ot*"r 6'ridi!a #"r onar" r"+ard"d a "n" i" i& a a6orit% or a
'$ tantia #ortion o& t*"ir !a#ita to! iin t*" *and o& "n" % nationa or i& t*"%*a," in!or#orat"d in t*" t"rritor% or 'n"rt*" a o& t*" ot*"r $" i+"r"nt
. "n" % #'$ i! #ro#"rt% &o'nd in t*"t"rritor% o& t*" ot*"r $" i+"r"nt at t*"o't$r"a o& *o ti iti" i '$6"!t to!on; !ation
Co05a&a$&s a$ $o$* o05a&a$&s
QCo $atant t*o " *o "n+a+" dir"!t %in t*" *o ti iti" H a% a &' % a+" arand ar" t*' '$6"!t to dir"!t atta! &rot*" "n" %
QNon-Co $atant t*o " *o do not"n+a+" dir"!t % in t*" *o ti iti" H *o' dnot $" '$6"!t"d to atta! a t*"% ar" not
'##o "d to #arti!i#at" in t*" a!t'a;+*tin+
Q T*" &o o in+ ar" r"+ard"d a!o $atant F
1. " $"r o& t*" ar "d &or!"
2. irr"+' ar &or!"
a. t*"% ar" !o and"d $% a#"r on r" #on i$ " &or *i '$ordinat"
$. t*"% "ar a ;<"d and di tin!ti,"i+n r"!o+ni a$ " at a di tan!"
!. t*"% !arr% ar o#"n %
d. t*"% !ond'!t t*"ir o#"ration ina!!ordan!" it* a and !' to o& ar
@. ","" "n a " t*" in*a$itant o& 'no!!'#i"d t"rritor% *o on t*" a##roa!*o& t*" "n" % #ontan"o' % ta " ar tor" i t t*" in,adin+ troo# it*o't *a,in+*ad ti " to or+ani " t*" " ,"
4. o9!"r and !r" o& "r!*ant ," "*o &or!i$ % r" i t atta!
Co$ % & of Hos& ' & es
t*r"" $a i! #rin!i# " 'nd"r i" t*" r' " o& ar&ar"
1. #rin!i# " o& i itar% n"!" it% " # o% an% a o'nt and ind o& &or!" to!o #" t*" !o # "t" '$ i ion o& t*""n" % it* t*" "a t #o i$ " o o& i,"ti " and on"%
2. #rin!i# " o& *' anit% ' " o&
an% "a 'r" t*at i not a$ o 't" %n"!" ar% &or t*" #'r#o " o& ar
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
Q an indi,id'a !an on % $" !on id"r"d a#% i& a!tin+ ! and" tin" % or 'nd"r &a "
#r"t"n " *" o$tain or "" to o$tainin&or ation in t*" on" o& o#"ration i& a$" i+"r"nt
Q #i" ar" '$6"!t to t*" 'ni!i#a a o& t*" ot*"r $" i+"r"nt
Q a #% ta "n in t*" a!t !annot $"#'ni *"d it*o't #r",io' tria
2 $ s of Wa"fa"e
Q ar&ar" a% $" a+"d on LAN or /EAor in t*" AIR "#arat" % or i ' tan"o' %
Q o t o& t*" r' " on a"ria ar&ar" *a,"
$"!o " o$ o "t" and n""d to $" r",i "dto a " t*" !on&or to #r" "nt r"a iti"
Q a &or na,a ar&ar" t*" o t "rio'di9!' ti" i" in t* di a+r"" "nt a on+
tat" a to *"t*"r ar "d "r!*ant," " ar" '$6"!t to dir"!t atta!
Qon" i #ortant r' " i t*at $oot% or#"r ona #ro#"rt% &o'nd in t*" $att ";" di '$6"!t to !on; !ation $% t*" $" i+"r"nto!!'#ation "<!"#t on % t*" #"r ona$" on+in+ o& t*" indi,id'a !o $atant
*i!* *a," no i itar% ,a '".
T EATRE O WARF # a!" *"r" t*"*o ti iti" ar" a!t'a % !ond'!t"d
RE:ION O WARF +r"at"r ar"a *"r" t*"$" i+"r"nt a% a &' % "n+a+" "a!*ot*"r
Be'' e"e$& O %pa& o$
Q t"rritor% i d"" "d o!!'#i"d *"n it ia!t'a % # a!"d 'nd"r t*" a't*orit% o& t*"*o ti " ar % $'t t*i o!!'#ation i i it"don % to t*" ar"a *"r" '!* a't*orit% *a$""n " ta$ i *"d and !an $" "3"!ti," %"<"r!i "d. It i not n"!" ar% t*at ","r%
Q B" i+"r"nt o!!'#ation do" not r" ' t intran &"r or ' #"n ion o& t*" o,"r"i+nt%o& t*" "+iti at" +o,"rn "nt a t*o'+* it
a% at t*" o "nt $" 'na$ " to "<"r!i "it. T*" $" i+"r"nt o!!'#ant !annot#"r&or '!* a!t a d"! arin+ t*"ind"#"nd"n!" o& t*" o!!'#i"d t"rritor% orr"D'irin+ it in*a$itant to r"no'n!" t*"ira "+ian!" to t*" a &' +o,"rn "nt
Q t*" $" i+"r"nt i r"D'ir"d to r" tor" and"n 'r" #'$ i! ord"r and a&"t% *i "r" #"!tin+ 'n " a$ o 't" % #r","nt"dt*" a in &or!" in t*" !o'ntr%.
Q t*" $" i+"r"nt o!!'#ant a%#ro ' +at" n" a non-#o iti!a a "a #o iti!a #ro,id"d t*"% do not!ontra,"n" t*" +"n"ra a!!"#t"d#rin!i# " o& int"rnationa a . T*" #o iti!a
Q it i #"r itt"d &or t*" $" i+"r"nto!!'#ant to introd'!" i itar% !'rr"n!%#ro,id"d t*" #'r#o " i not to d"$a " t*"!o'ntr%8 "!ono %
Q #ri,at" #ro#"rt% !annot $" !on; !at"d$'t t*o " ' !"#ti$ " o& i itar% ' " a%$" "i "d '$6"!t to r" toration or!o #"n ation *"n #"a!" i ad"
Q t*" #ro#"rt% o& 'ni!i#a iti" and o& in tit'tion d"di!at"d to r" i+ion !*arit%and "d'!ation and t*" art and !i"n!"","n *"n tat" o n"d *a $" tr"at"da #ri,at" #ro#"rt% and t*"ir d" tr'!tion i"<#r" % &or$idd"n
Q t*" ar % o& o!!'#ation !an on % ta "#o " ion o& !a * &'nd and r"a i a$ "
Qt*" o!!'#%in+ tat" *a $" r"+ard"don % a ad ini trator and ' '&r'!t'ar% o& #'$ i! $'i din+ r"a " tat" &or" ta+ri!' t'ra " tat" $" on+in+ to t*"*o ti " tat" and it'at"d in t*" o!!'#i"dt"rritor%
Pos&' 0 $ %0
Q #"r on or t*in+ ta "n $% t*" "n" %ar" r" tor"d to t*" &or "r tat" on !o in+a!t'a % into t*" #o "r o& t*" nation to
*i!* t*"% $" on+
Q U/ PO/TLIMINIUM r"in tat" "nt o& t*"a't*orit% o& t*" di # a!"d +o,"rn "nton!" !ontro o& t*" "n" % i o t o,"r t*"t"rritor% a3"!t"d
Q '#on t*" "nd o& a $" i+"r"nt o!!'#ation
t*" a o& t*" r"-" ta$ i *"d +o,"rn "ntar" r",i,"d and a a!t ta "n $% t*"$" i+"r"nt o!!'#ant *i!* it !o' d not
"+a % do 'nd"r t*" a o& nation a "a a &' a!t o& a #o iti!a !o # "<ion ar"in,a idat"d
Q AR+ISTICE ' #"n ion o& a*o ti iti" it*in a !"rtain ar"a or in t*""ntir" r"+ion o& ar a+r""d '#on $% t*"$" i+"r"nt +o,"rn "nt ' 'a % &or t*"#'r#o " o& arran+in+ t*" t"r o& t*"#"a!"
AR+ISTICE SUSPENSION OFAR+S
P'r#o "F #o iti!a P'r#o "F i itar%
Ma% $" !on! 'd"d$% t*"!o and"r -in-!*i"&
Ma% $" a+r""d'#on $% t*" o!a!o and"r
U 'a % in ritin+ Ma% $" ora
Q CEASEFIRE 'n!onditiona to##a+" o& *o ti iti" $% ord"r o& an int"rnationa$od%
Q TRUCE r"+ard"d a !"a ";r" it*!ondition atta!*"d
Q CAPITULATION 'rr"nd"r o& i itar%&or!" # a!" or di tri!t in a!!ordan!"
it* t*" r' " o& i itar% *onor
Te"0 $a& o$ of wa"
1. !" ation o& *o ti iti"
2. !on! ' ion o& a n"+otiat"d tr"at% o& #"a!"
@. d"&"at o& on" o& t*" $" i+"r"nt&o o "d $% a di!tat"d tr"at% o& #"a!"
Q Prin!i# " o& 'ti #o id"ti #ro#"rt% ort"rritor% in t*" #o " ion o& t*"r" #"!ti," $" i+"r"nt '#on t*"t"r ination o& t*" ar i r"tain"d $% t*"
Q /tat' D'o ant" !a &or t*" !o # "t"r" toration to t*"ir &or "r o n"r o& #ro#"rt% or t"rritor% t*at a% *a,"!*an+"d *and d'rin+ t*" *o ti iti" it*t*" "<!"#tion on % o& #ri " and $oot%
Q ar i '##o "d to "nd it* t*" r"-" ta$ i * "nt o& #"a!" $'t t*" #r"!i "dat" i not "a i % ;<"d in ,i" o& t*"di3"r"nt "t*od o& t"r inatin+ t*" tat"o& *o ti iti"
Af&e"0a&- of Wa"
on" o& t*" in",ita$ " !on "D'"n!" o& ar t*" i # i"d 6'd+ "nt ri+*t orron+ t*at t*" ,anD'i *"d $" i+"r"nt i
t*" +'i t% #art% in t*" di #'t" t*at !a' "dt*" *o ti iti" .
Q tr"at% o& #"a!" i #o "d $% t*" ,i!tor'#on t*" d"&"at"d tat" i r"+ard"d a a#'ni * "nt a i ' tain"d on t*" +ro'nda t*o'+* ar "d $% t*" ,i!" o& d'r"
t*at nor a % o' d in,a idat" ot*"ra+r"" "nt
Qnationa o& t*" ,anD'i *"d tat" a% $"#rot"!t"d and #'ni *"d a ar !ri inaand &or ot*"r ,io ation o& int"rnationa
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
Q n"'tra it% d"#"nd"nt o " % on t*"attit'd" o& t*" n"'tra tat" *i!* i &r""to 6oin an% o& t*" $" i+"r"nt an% ti " it
"" ;t
Q +o,"rn"d $% t*" a o& nation
Qo$tain on % d'rin+ ar
Q n"'tra i ation r" ' t o& a tr"at% *"r"int*" d'ration and t*" ot*"r !ondition o& t*" n"'tra i ation ar" a+r""d '#on $% t*"n"'tra i "d tat" and ot*"r #o "r
Q t*i a+r"" "nt +o,"rn t*"!ond'!t o& i+natori"
Q int"nd"d to o#"rat" in ti " o& #"a!" a " a in ti " o& ar
QOn % tat" a% $"!o " n"'tra $'t#ortion o& tat" a% $" n"'tra i "d
Q a n"'tra tat" *a t*" ri+*t and d't% toa$ tain &ro ta in+ #art in t*" *o ti iti"and &ro +i,in+ a i tan!" to "it*"r$" i+"r"ntH #r","nt it t"rritor% and ot*"rr" o'r!" &ro $"in+ ' "d in t*" !ond'!to& *o ti iti" $% t*" $" i+"r"nt and toa!D'i" !" in !"rtain r" tri!tion and
i itation t*at t*" $" i+"r"nt a% ;ndn"!" ar% to i #o " " #"!ia % in!onn"!tion it* int"rnationa !o "r!"
Q " !a#"d #ri on"r o& ar n""d not $"d"tain"d $% t*" n"'tra tat" $'t ' t $"
a i+n"d a # a!" o& r" id"n!" i& t*"% ar"a o "d to r" ain
Q ar *i# a% not "nt"r n"'tra #ortroad t"ad and *ar$o'r "<!"#t on % in!a " o& 'n "a ort*in" . T*" ' 'ad'ration o& t*" o6o'rn i 24 *o'r $'t t*i
a% $" *ort"n"d or "<t"nd"d d"#"ndin+on t*" r"a on &or t*" "ntr%. T*' t*"," " ' t "a," a oon a it *a $""nr"-#ro,i ion"d
Q:"n"ra r' "F r"#air in t*"ir t"rritor% o& da a+" ' tain"d $% a ar *i# in $att " #"r itt"d o on+ a t*"% ar" not int"nd"dto in!r"a " t*" ;+*tin+ &or!" o& t*" ," " .
Qnot or" t*an @ ," " &ro an%$" i+"r"nt *a $" a o "d
i ' tan"o' % in t*" a " n"'tra #ort orat"r
Q t"rritoria at"r o& a n"'tra tat" ' tn","r $" ' "d a a % ' &or $" i+"r"nt," " 'nd"r #'r 'it or atta! $% t*""n" %
Q #a a+" o& i itar% air!ra&t $" on+in+ tot*" $" i+"r"nt i not a o "d a!ro t*"air #a!" o& a n"'tra tat".
Q *"r" a $" i+"r"nt air!ra&t i &or!"d toand on n"'tra t"rritor% t*" a " *o' d
$" d"tain"d and it o9!"r and !r"int"rn"d
Use of Ne%&"a' Fa ' & es a$ Se"/ es
Q it i #ro*i$it"d &ro +i,in+ $" i+"r"ntan% &or o& dir"!t a i tan!" in !onn"!tion
it* t*" !ond'!t o& *o ti iti" .
Q n"'tra tat" a% not "nd i itar%!ontin+"nt "<t"nd oan or ","n " &or,a 'a$ " !on id"ration '## i" o& ar to
"it*"r or $ot* o& t*" $" i+"r"ntQ n"'tra tat" i not o$ i+"d to #r","ntt*" "<#ort &ro or tran it t*ro'+* itt"rritor% o& ar '## i" #'r!*a "d &ro#ri,at" trad"r $% t*" $" i+"r"nt in t*"ordinar% !o'r " o& !o "r!" it ir"D'ir"d to ta " r"a ona$ " di i+"n!" in#r","ntin+ t*" d" i,"r% o& ," "!on tr'!t"d and ar "d in it t"rritor% &or' " $% an% o& t*" $" i+"r"nt
Re'a& o$s of Be'' e"e$& S&a&es w &-Na& o$a's of Ne%&"a' s&a&es
Q n"'tra tat" "na!t "+i ation to a,oidt*"ir in,o ," "nt in &or"i+n ar a ar" ' t o& t*" a!t o& t*"ir nationa
Q n"'tra tat" ar" &r"" to a o t*"irnationa to d"a in t*"ir #ri,at" !a#a!it%
Q t*" !ar+o o& t*" " ," " a% a o $"!a#t'r"d 'nd"r !"rtain !ondition a
*"n t*"% ar" !ontra$and
QPri " i not !on; !at"d ' ari % $'t' t $" $ro'+*t to a #ri " !o'rt &or
ad6'di!ation
QPRIZE COURT i a tri$'na" ta$ i *"d $% a $" i+"r"nt 'nd"r it o n
a and a## i" r' " o& int"rnationa ain t*" a$ "n!" o& #"!ia 'ni!i#a
"+i ation.
Co$&"a5a$
!ontra$and t"r a## i"d to +ood*i!* a t*o'+* n"'tra #ro#"rt% a% $""i "d $% a $" i+"r"nt $"!a' " t*"% ar"
' "&' &or ar and ar" $o'nd &or a *o ti "d" tination
Q AB/OLUTE CONTRABAN n"!" ari %' "&' &or ar 'nd"r a !ir!' tan!"
Q '$6"!t to "i 'r" o on+ a t*"%ar" $o'nd &or "n" % or "n" %-*" dt"rritor%
Q CON ITIONAL CONTRABAN $ot*!i,i ian and i itar% #'r#o "
Q a% $" "i "d on % *"n it !an $"*o n t*at t*"% ar" d" tin"d &or t*"
ar "d &or!" or t*" a't*oriti" o& t*"$" i+"r"nt +o,"rn "nt
Q REE LI/T in! 'd" +ood ' "&' &or arand $o'nd &or t*" $" i+"r"nt $'t"<" #t"d &ro t*" a on !ontra$and &or*' anitarian r"a on
Q OCTRINE O ULTIMATE CON/UMPTION +ood int"nd"d &or !i,i ian ' " *i!* a%' ti at" % ;nd t*"ir a% to and $"!on ' "d $% t*" $" i+"r"nt &or!" ar"a o ia$ " to "i 'r"
Q !ontra$and ar" '$6"!t to !ond" nation
Q OCTRINE O IN ECTION i& t*"% ar"*i##"d to+"t*"r it* inno!"nt +ood
$" on+in+ to t*" a " o n"rH t*" att"ra% a o $" !on; !at"d
Q !ontra$and ar" ia$ " to !a#t'r" &ro t*"ti " t*"% "a," t*" #ort in *i!* t*"% ar"
oad"d and 'nti t*"% r"a!* t*"ir ;na*o ti " d" tination
Q OCTRINE O ULTIMATE E/TINATION ia$i it% o& t*" !ontra$and to !a#t'r" i
d"t"r in"d not $% t*"ir o t"n i$ " $'t $%t*"ir r"a d" tination
Q ","n i& t*" ," " int"nd to to#at an int"r "diat" n"'tra #ort it i ti$" !on id"r"d a in on" !ontin'o'
,o%a+" #ro,id"d it !an $" *o n t*at it!ar+o i ' ti at" % $" d" i,"r"d to a*o ti " d" tination
Q OCTRINE O CONTINUOU/ 5O A:E *"n t*" +ood ar" r" oad"d at t*"
int"r "diat" #ort on t*" a " ," "
Q OCTRINE O CONTINUOU/ TRAN/PORT *"n t*"% ar" r" oad"d on anot*"r
," " or ot*"r &or o& tran #ortation
B'o a e
QB o! ad" *o ti " o#"ration $% "an o& *i!* t*" ," " and air!ra&t o& on"
$" i+"r"nt #r","nt a ot*"r ," "in! 'din+ t*o " o& n"'tra tat" &ro"nt"rin+ or "a,in+ t*" #ort or !oa t o& ot*"r $" i+"r"nt t*" #'r#o " $"in+ to
PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW (CRUZ) |2014BETIA| MENOR |REAMICO
#'r '"d $% t*" *i# o& t*" $ o! adin+&or!" a&t"r it *a "&t or tri"d to "nt"r t*"$ o! ad"d #ort
U$$e%&"a' Se"/ e
Q !on i t o& a!t o& a or" *o ti "!*ara!t"r t*an !arria+" o& !ontra$and or$r"a!* o& $ o! ad" *i!* ar" 'nd"rta "n$% "r!*ant ," " o& a n"'tra tat" inaid o& an% o& t*" $" i+"r"nt
Q a n"'tra ," " i ia$ " to!ond" nation &or 'nn"'tra "r,i!"F
1. i& it i a in+ a ,o%a+" #"!ia it* a,i" to t*" tran #ort o& indi,id'a#a "n+"r *o ar" " $odi"d in t*"
ar "d &or!" o& t*" "n" % or it* a ,i"to t*" tran i ion o& in&or ation in t*"int"r" t o& t*" "n" %H OR
2. i& it* t*" no "d+" o& t*" o n"r ort*" on" *o !*art"r t*" "ntir" ," " iti tran #ortin+ i itar% d"ta!* "nt o& "n" % or on" or or" #"r on *od'rin+ t*" ,o%a+" "nd dir"!t a i tan!"to t*" o#"ration o& t*" "n" %
Q a n"'tra ," " i a o ia$ " to!ond" nation and to $" tr"at"d a a
"r!*ant ," " o& t*" "n" %F
1. ta " a dir"!t #art in t*" *o ti iti"
2. i& it i 'nd"r t*" ord"r or !ontro o& ana+"nt # a!"d on $oard $% t*" "n" %+o,"rn "nt
@. !*art"r"d "ntir" % $% t*" "n" %+o,"rn "nt
4. i& it i at t*" a " ti " and "<! ' i," %"it*"r d",ot"d to t*" tran #ort i& "n" %troo# or t*" tran i ion o& in&or ation
A$ a"
Q $% t*" ri+*t o& an+ar% a $" i+"r"nta% '#on #a% "nt o& 6' t !o #"n ation"i " ' " or d" tro% in !a " o& 'r+"nt
n"!" it% &or #'r#o " o& o3"n " ord"&"n " n"'tra #ro#"rt% &o'nd in itt"rritor% in "n" % t"rritor% or on t*" *i+*
"a
Q T REE RE7UI/ITE/
1. t*at t*" #ro#"rt% i 'nd"r t*" !ontro or 6'ri di!tion o& t*" $" i+"r"nt
2. t*"t t*"r" i 'r+"nt n"!" it% &or t*"ta in+
@ t*at 6' t !o #"n ation i #aid to t*"
Te"0 $a& o$ of Ne%&"a' &
1. *"n t*" n"'tra tat" 6oin t*" ar
Q n"'tra tat" i $" +o,"rn"d $%t*" a o& ar in it r" ation it* t*"ot*"r $" i+"r"nt and $% t*" a o& n"'tra it% in it r" ation it* a ot*"r