Physiology of the Eye QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.
Jan 16, 2016
Physiology of the Eye
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1. Refraction
The bending of light as it travels from less dense medium into a more dense medium.
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2. Divergence
Light rays spread out; Occurs with concave lenses
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3. Convergence
Light rays come together; Occurs with convex lenses
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4. Human Eye
Lens is Biconvex
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5. Image on the retina
Upside down & reversed (inverted)
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6. AccommodationThe ability of the lens to change its shape; helps to achieve sharp focus at close range (<20 ft)
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7. Stereoscopic vision
The ability to see objects in three dimensions; important when driving, parking, climbing stairs, etc.
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8. Peripheral vision
The ability to see to the sides without moving the head
The parts of the retina associated with peripheral vision do not contain cones, so sharp vision & color vision are not possible
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9. Photoreceptor responsible for vision in dim light
Rods
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10. Night blindness
Vitamin A deficiency can contribute to night blindness because it is responsible for converting retineene into rhodopsin; without enough Vitamin A, there is a slow return of dark adaptation
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11. Bright light causes pain
Intense light bleaches rhodopsin & eyes need time to recover & become light adapted
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12. Photoreceptor for fine focus & color vision
Cones
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13. 3 primary colors of vision
Red
Green
Blue-violetQuickTime™ and a
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14. True
• There are 3 types of cone receptors, each of which contains its own photochemical sensitive to one of the three wavelengths of primary colors.
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15. True
• Equal stimulation of the 3 types of cones is perceived as white light.
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16. Purkinje shift
Shift from light adaptation (cone reception) to dark adaptation (rod reception) at dusk & vice versa
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17. Afterimages+ Afterimages: carryover of visual impressions is exactly the same as the original stimulus pattern
- Afterimages: carryover of visual impressions appear in a complementary color of the original
18. Visual AcuityThe sharpness or degree of detail the eye can see
Influenced by: brightness or intensity of light, size of object, color of object, and retinal area on which the image of the object falls