Physics Project 01 by Shaun Tan

Physics(Summary: Kinematics to Dynamics)Shaun Andre V. Tan

Fourth Year BTeacher: Engr. Philip P. CarpinaBacolod Tay Tung High School

Physics(Summary: Kinematics to Dynamics)Shaun Andre V. Tan

Fourth Year BTeacher: Engr. Philip P. CarpinaBacolod Tay Tung High School

•What is Physics?• Physics, a branch of Science, is the study of energy, force, and matter and its motion• It is commonly called the most basic science• It deals using equations and units

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

1514 Nicolaus Copernicus develops his heliocentric theory. He publishes it in 1543, a few days before his death.

1604 Galileo Galilei proves that falling bodies are accelerated towards the ground at a constant rate. He also shows that the distance for a falling object increases as the square of the time.

1609 Johannes Kepler publishes his First and Second laws of planetary motion in a book entitled Astronomia Nova.

1613 Galileo Galilei introduces his principle of inertia.1619 Johannes Kepler publishes his Third law of planetary motion.

1638 Galileo introduces the concept of the relativity of motion in his Two New Sciences.

1665-1966 Isaac Newton begins his work on the motion of bodies. He also completes his theory of colors, develops the main ideas on the calculus, and his law of gravitation.

… Physics is continually developed…

A Brief Look Back at Physics…425 BC Democritus proposes that all matter is made of small indivisible particles

that he calls "atoms."

280 BC Aristarchus of Samos determines the relative distances of the sun and the moon from the earth. He also determines the relative sizes of the sun, the moon and the earth. These considerations lead him to propose that the earth revolves around the sun.

240 BC Archimedes discovers his principle of buoyancy (Archimedes' Principle).

235 BC Eratosthenes develops a method to measure the circumference of the earth.

130 Ptolemy develops his a theory of the motion of the heavenly bodies. According to his theory, the earth is at the center of the universe and the sun and known planets revolve around it.

Calle, Carlos. Superstrings and Other Things: A Guide to Physics. (2001)

•Motion• It is the state of changing something’s position• It is relative, meaning an objects position depends on where they exist in relation to other things• It can be branched out into two…

Motion

Kinematics Dynamics-studies forces and their effects on motion-the mathematical representation of motion

Ground

The object is moving in relation to the ground

Ground

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

𝑚𝑠

2

=𝑚𝑠

2𝑚𝑠

2

=𝑚𝑠

2

+2𝑚𝑠2𝑚

• The Mathematical representation of motion•Described with scalars and vectors•Makes use of Kinematic Equations*Scalars – Magnitude only (e.g. Time (t), Distance, Speed)

Vectors – Magnitude with Direction (e.g. Displacement (d), Velocity (V), Acceleration (a))

•Kinematics

Total distance covered𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒Distance between A and BSpeed + Direction𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦

𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒*Average Speed = Instantaneous Speed = particular Speed at a Moment

KINEMATIC EQUATIONS

m𝑑=𝑉 𝑖𝑡+12𝑎𝑡 2m

𝑉 𝑓=𝑉 𝑖+𝑎𝑡𝑚𝑠

=𝑚𝑠

+𝑚𝑠2𝑠𝑚

𝑠=𝑚𝑠

𝑉 𝑓2=𝑉 𝑖

2+2𝑎𝑑

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

•Free Fall Motion• It is any motion where an object’s weight is the only force acting upon it (i.e. Air resistance is ignored)• Falls with g

(acceleration due to gravity)

•With this in mind, we can predict the distance of dropped objects in a given time…

𝑑=12(−9.8𝑚/ 𝑠2)(1𝑠)2

𝑑=0 𝑡+12𝑔𝑡2

𝑑=12(−9.8𝑚/ 𝑠2)𝑡 2

𝑑=𝑉 𝑖𝑡+12𝑎𝑡 2

𝑉 𝑖=0𝑚/ 𝑠

𝑎=𝑔=−9.8𝑚 /𝑠2

𝑑=−4.9𝑚𝑑=12(−9.8𝑚/ 𝑠2)(2𝑠 )2

𝑑=−19.6𝑚

𝑑=12(−9.8𝑚/ 𝑠2)(3 𝑠)2

𝑑=−44.1𝑚

𝑑=12(−9.8𝑚/ 𝑠2)(4 𝑠)2

𝑑=−34.3𝑚

•Linear Motion• It is the motion along a straight line

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

𝑑

𝑡

𝑣

𝑡𝑎

𝑡

𝑚=Δ𝑑Δ𝑡

=𝑣 𝑚=Δ𝑣Δ𝑡

=𝑎

𝐴=𝑣𝑡¿𝑚𝑠𝑠

¿𝑚¿𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒

𝐴=𝑎𝑡¿𝑚𝑠2𝑠

¿𝑚𝑠¿𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦

•Kinematic Graphing

(At rest…)(In Constant Motion…)(In Accelerating Motion…)

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

•Projectile Motion• It is a motion where there is one force applied at the beginning of the trajectory (path of motion) after which gravity is the only force interfering it

• Its trajectory is parabolic, meaning it can be divided into two equal parts

𝑉 𝑖 𝑔=−9.8𝑑2¿𝑑1¿𝑡1𝑡 2𝑣 𝑖1𝑣 𝑓 2¿

𝑣 𝑓 1𝑣 𝑖2¿

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

¿00=¿

•Dynamics• It studies forces and its effect on motion

• An object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same velocity unless acted upon on by an unbalanced force.

a quantity that is dependent on inertia

• Force is equal to mass times acceleration.

(

¿𝑚𝑔

• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

¿𝐹𝑚

• Parallel to the surface• Opposed to the • Dependent on materials on contact• Dependent on speed

Forces MotionDynamics

Newton’s Laws

Inertia

Mass

Action Reaction

Action Force

Reaction Force

Acceleration

AccelerationForce

Friction

Mass

Weight

At restUnbalanced Force Unbalanced Force

Constant MotionUnbalanced Force

Therefore:

Force

Acceleration

/Mass

=The force resisting the relative motion of surfaces

Friction is divided into:• Static

• Friction at rest to motion

• Kinetic• Friction at motion

Friction is… Action Force Reaction Force=

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

Forces MotionDynamics

Newton’s Laws

Inertia

Mass

Action Reaction

Action Force

Reaction Force

Acceleration

AccelerationForce

Friction

Mass

Weight

DISCOVERthe point is

understand

This is only the

of Physics…

what

later on.

BEGINNINGIMAGINE

WEWILL LEARN

TRUTHS

them.

All

EASYonce

DISCOVERED;they are

DISCOVERING

“

”-Galileo Galilei

are

to

©S h a u n A n d re V . Ta n (A u g u s t 2 0 1 3 )

THANK YOU!!!

Presentation by Shaun Andre Tan