UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014 UKCCSRC Bristol 23 rd October 2014 Monitoring of the deep subsurface: leakage pathways – understanding and monitoring the mechanics of CO2 storage Physics of Rocks for CO 2 reservoir characterisation and monitoring Angus Best Acknowledgements: Ismael Falcon, Laurence North, Jeremy Sothcott & Clive McCann National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom, [email protected]
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UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
UKCCSRC Bristol 23rd October 2014 Monitoring of the deep subsurface: leakage pathways –
understanding and monitoring the mechanics of CO2 storage
Physics of Rocks for CO2 reservoir characterisation and monitoring
Angus Best
Acknowledgements: Ismael Falcon, Laurence North, Jeremy Sothcott & Clive McCann
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom, [email protected]
Tillotson et al (2014), Geophysical Prospecting, 62, 1238-1252.
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
Results - pore fluid viscosity
SWS = 4.59% (1.45% + 3.14%)
Tillotson et al (2014), Geophysical Prospecting, 62, 1238-1252.
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
Results – attenuation & Sw Blank Fractured
Amalokwu et al (2014), Geophysical Journal International, 197, 943-947.
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
New CO2 rig (Falcon, North, Best)
• THMC (Thermal-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical)
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
New CO2 rig (Falcon, North, Best)
1
Ultrasonicpulse-echo
Bufferroad-top
Bufferroad-bottom
Electrodes
Sample
σ3
σ1
Lateral strain gage
Axial strain gage
Static moduli vs
Dynamic moduli
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
New CO2 rig (example data)
1
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
• Geophysics • Seabed gas quantification • CH4 & CO2 • Hydrates • P-waves 500 Hz – 10 kHz • Frequency-dependence • Samples 7 cm diameter,
50 cm long • 60 MPa fluid/confining • 4 to 100 degC • S-waves ~ 1 kHz • ERT • Sands, muds
Greenhouse Gas Pulse Tube Sat. 5th July 2014
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
Greenhouse Gas Pulse Tube
a) b)
c) d)
McCann et al (2014), Geophysical Prospecting, 62, 97-116.
1 – 10 kHz
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
Acoustic Bubble Resonance Anderson & Hampton (1980a, b)
Recent theoretical developments: Leighton (2007)
Kuhs et al (2004)
Velocity
Attenuation
Bubble size distributions
UKCCSRC Bristol, 23 October 2014
• Need controlled lab studies to understand: – Seismic anisotropy in fractured porous rocks – Pore fluid viscosity effects – Gas saturation effects – Geomechanical response to CO2 injection – Validate theoretical models for application to reservoir
characterisation & monitoring
• Acoustic pulse tube studies – Seabed greenhouse gas quantification – Gas bubble resonance phenomena