Physics Exam P2 Form 4 2008

FIGURE 1

X

1. Figure 1 shows vernier callipers used to measure the thickness of a wooden block.

(a) (i) Name the part labelled X.

............................................................................................................................ [1 M] (ii) What is the function of X.?

` ........................................................................................................................... [1 M]

(b) (i) What is the thickness of the wooden block.?

........................................................................................................................... [1 M] (ii) How do you improve the accuracy of the reading.?

.......................................................................................................................... [1 M]

Section A

[60 marks]

Answer all questions

1

12

10

8

6

4

2

FIGURE 2

Length (cm)

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2. The chart in figure 2 shows 10 ticks of a ticker tape from a moving trolley. The frequency of the ticker timer is 50 Hz.

(a) Describe the motion shown by the trolley?

............................................................................................................................. [1 M]

(b) Calculate the velocity of the last 10 ticks of the tape chart.

[2 M](c) Calculate the acceleration of the trolley.

[2 M]

2

Eye

air

water

Figure 3

3. Figure 3 shows the eye of a man looking at a fish.

(a) Sketch a ray diagram consisting of 2 rays originating from the eye of the fish to the eye of the man to show why the image of the fish is seen closer to the surface. [3 M]

(b) The fish is at a depth of 2 m. If the refractive index of water is 1.33, calculate the apparent depth of the fish. [3 M]

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1.0 kg 1.5 kg

12 N

Force, F/N

12

18 Compression of spring, x/cm0

Plastisin

Figure 4(a)

Graph 4(b)

4. Figure 4(a) above shows a trolley with mass 1.0 kg used to compress the spring with a force increasing from 0 N to 12 N . Graph 4(b) shows the relation of force and compression of spring.

(a) State the relationship between the force and compression of spring.

...........................................................................…………………………… [1M]

(b) What is the physical quantity obtain from the area under the graph F against x ?

...........................................................................…………………………. [1M]

(c) The trolley is push to compress the spring with a force 12 N. The trolley is then released and collide with another stationary trolley with mass 1.5 kgas shown in the diagram. Both trolley move together after the collision.

(i) What is the initial velocity of trolley with mass 1.0 kg right after it released from spring ? [2M]

(ii) What is the common velocity for both trolley after the collision ? [2M]

(d) Name the principle use for the calculation of c(ii) above ............................................................................…………………………. [1M]

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Figure 5(a) Figure 5(b)

(i) (ii) (i) (ii)

5. Figure 5(a) shows a balloon is tightly fastened to the open end of a test tube mouth of a balloon before and after the test tube is heated.

Figure 5(b) shows air is trapped inside a capillary tube by a bead of sulfuric acid before and after the capillary tube is heated.

(a) (i) Observe Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b). What happen to the

volume of air in the balloon and in the capillary tube………………………………………....................................................……………………………………………………………………….... [1 M]

(ii) Compare the temperature of air in Figure 5(a)(i) and Figure 5(a)(ii). …………………………………......................................................................................................................................................................... [1 M]

(iii) Compare the mass of air in Figure 5(a)(i) and Figure 5(a)(ii).…………………………………......................................................................................................................................................................... [1 M]

(b)(i) Based on the observation and the answer in a(i), a(ii) and a(iii), give a relationship between all the physical quantities involved.

………………………………………………………………………. [2 M]

(ii) Name the law involved in b(i)

………………………………………………………………………. [1 M]

(c)If the volume of trapped air in figure 5(b)(i) is 2.4 cm3 at the temperature 30 0C .Find the temperature of water in 0C for figure 5(b)(ii), if the volume of trapped air become 2.8 cm3 .

[2M]

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6. Figure 6 above shows an instrument used to lift up heavy load.

(a) Name the instrument.

………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Name and state the principle involved.………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) Cross sectional area for piston X is 2 cm2 and for piston Y is 200 cm2. The instrument is used to lift a load with a mass 250 kg. Calculate the pushing force (F/N) needed to lift the load.

(d) What happen to the pushing force if the cross sectional area for piston X is decreasedfrom 2 cm2 to 1 cm2 .………………………………………………………………………………………

(e) Name another instrument which used the same principle.…………………………………………………………………………………… [1M]

[3M]

[1M]

[2M]

[1M]

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7. Figure 7.1 and Figure 7.2 show two solid spheres A and B with different density place in the water.

Figure 7.1 Figure 7.2(a) What is meant by density?

………………………………………………………………………… [1 M](b) Based on Figure 7.1 and Figure 7.1,

(i) compare the density of sphere A and sphere B

…………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

(ii) compare the weight of sphere A and sphere B

…………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

(iii) compare the weight of water displaced by sphere A and sphere B

…………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

(iv) relate the weight of sphere and the weight of water displaced

…………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

(v) relate the weight of water displaced and upthrust

………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

(c) Name and state the physics principle involved in Figure 7.1 and Figure 7.2.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3 M]

(d) State one application of physics principle in 7 (c).

…………………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

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8. Figure 8.1 shows a boy , whose mass is 40 kg is running towards a 2 kg skateboard with a velocity of 20 ms-1. The boy then jumps onto the skateboard and moves forward.

Figure 8.2 shows a frog with a mass of 100 g which is at rest on a 10 g stationary leaf. The frog then jumps from the leaf to the river bank.

Figure 8.1

Figure 8.2

(a) Observe Figure 8.1 and Figure 8.2 . Compare the type of motion of the boy after jumping onto the skateboard and the frog after jumping from the leaf to the river bank.……………………………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………….. [2 M]

(b) (i) Compare the total momentum for the boy before and after he jumps onto the skateboard.

…………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………….. [1 M]

(ii) Calculate the velocity of the boy after he jumps onto the skateboard.

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[2 M]

(iii) Name the principle involved.

………………………………………………………………………….. [1 M]

(c) A girl whose mass is 30 kg runs with the velocity of 20 ms -1 to the identical skateboard as shown in Figure 8.1.

(i) Calculate the momentum of the girl before she jump onto the skateboard.

[2 M]

(ii) Calculate the velocity of girl after she jumps onto the skateboard.

[1 M]

(iii) Compare the velocity between the girl and the boy after jumping onto the skateboard.

………………………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

(iv) Compare the total momentum between the girl and the boy.

………………………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

(v) Give your reason for your answer in (c) (iv).

……………………………………………………………………………… [1 M]

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SECTION B : Answer any one question from this section.

9 Diagram 9.1 shows an ice cube melting when heat is absorbed from the surrounding. Diagram 9.2 shows a kettle of water boiling when heat is absorbed from the fire..

(a) What is meant by heat? [1 M](b) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the processes that take place in both

situations and the type of heat needed for both processes to occur.Relate the processes with the type of heat needed to deduce a relevant physics concept. Name the physics concept involved. [5 M]

(c) (i) Your body sweats when you are feeling hot. How does sweating helps to cool down your body? [2 M]

(ii) Explain why a scald from steam is more serious than the one from boiling water? [2 M]

(d) Diagram 9.3 shows a simple solar water–heating system. Energy from the Sun falls on the solar panel. Water is pumped around the system so that a store of

hot water is made available in the tank.

Using suitable physics concepts, explain the required modification needed in designing an efficient solar water-heating system. The modification should include the aspects of (i) pipes design (ii) material used (iii) heat absorption. [10 M]

DIAGRAM 9.1 DIAGRAM 9.2

Figure 9.3

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Figure 10.1 Figure 10.2

BB

A A

10. Figure 10.1 shows two basketballs of the same mass being projected towards a wall. Ball A is hard while ball B is soft due to insufficient pressure. Figure 10.2 shows the condition of the balls when they hit the wall.It was noticed that Ball A is rebounced with a higher velocity than Ball B.

(a)Define the concept momentum and give its SI unit. [2 M](b)Using Figure 10.1 and Figure 10.2, compare the shape of the ball when they

hit the wall, the velocity after collision and the time of impact.State the relationship between the time of impact with the

(i) impulsive force(ii) velocity after collision [5 M]

(c)By using the relevant physics concept, explain why a softball player moves his hand backwards while catching a fast moving ball. [3 M]

(d) Driving is a necessity nowadays. To increase the safety of the driver and the passengers in a car, several safety features were installed on the car. List five of these features and how they can help to reduce injuries in an event of an accident. [10 M]

Figure 10.3

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ice cream

Ice creamAis krim

Ice cubeKiub ais

Outer boxKotak luar

Ice cream boxKotak ais krim

SECTION C : Answer any one question from this section.

11. Diagram 11.1 shows a thermometer use by a doctor to check the temperature of patient’s body during medical treatment.

(a) What is meant by temperature? [1 M] (b) According to the principle of thermal equilibrium and the working principle

of a thermometer, explain how a doctor can check his patient temperature during medical treatment. [4 M]

(c) Figure 11.2 shows an ice cream container used by an ice cream seller using his motorcycle.

Diagram 11.1

Figure 11.2

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Temperature / C

Time / min 0 1.0 3.6 4.8

218

78

30

Table 11.3 shows the specification of four types of ice cream containers P, Q, R and S, that can be used by an ice cream seller to carry ice cream.

BoxKotak

P Q R S

Specific heat capacity of ice cream box

Muatan haba Tentu kotak aiskrim

HighTinggi

HighTinggi

LowRendah

LowRendah

Size of ice cream boxSaiz kotak aiskrim

LargeBesar

SmallKecil

SmallKecil

LargeBesar

Material of outer boxBahan kotak luar

CopperTembaga

PVC plasticPlastik PVC

PVC plasticPlastik PVC

AluminiumAluminium

Colour of outer boxWarna kotak luar

DarkGelap

BrightCerah

BrightCerah

DarkGelap

Table 11.3

You are required to determine the most suitable ice cream container to carry ice cream. Study the specification of the four types of ice cream container based on the following aspects:

- Specific heat capacity of ice cream box- Size of ice cream box- Material of outer box - Colour of outer box

Explain the suitability of the aspects [10 M]

(d) A solid substance, of mass 0.05 kg, is heated using an immersion heater of 240 V, 0.1 kW. Graph 11.4 shows the heating curve of the solid.

Calculate(i) The specific latent heat of fusion of the substance(ii) The specific heat capacity of the substance in liquid state [5 M]

Graph 11.4

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12. (a) Figure 12.1 shows the structure of a flask for storing hot water. The flask can keep the water in the flask warm for a long time.

Table 12.2 shows the characteristics of 6 flask P, Q, R, S, T dan U.

FlaskOuter wallmaterial

Flask wallMedium between

Flask wallSupport material

P PlasticGlass with inner wall

painted darkair Iron

Q Glass Aluminium air Aluminium

R MetalGlass with inner wall painted with argentum

Freon Wood

S PlasticGlass with inner wall

painted darkFreon Iron

T Glass Aluminium Vacuum Aluminium

U PlasticGlass with inner wall painted with argentum

Vacuum Wood

Jadual 1.1 Base on table 12.2, explain the suitability of the characteristics of flask for storing hot water for a long time. Determine the most suitable flask and explain why it is chosen. [10 M]

(b) (i) What is mean by evaporation ? [1 M]

(iii) Explain why the water in the lake and in an open cointainer is always cooler than the tap water ? [4 M]

(c) An immersion heater with power 500 W heated 0.6 kg of water for 2 minutes. The

temperature of water increase from 28 0C to 54 0C. Given that Specific Heat Capacity of water is 4 200 J kg-1 °C-1 . Calculate.

(i) Heat supply from immersion heater ? [2 M]

(ii) Heat Absorb by water ? [2 M](iii) Heat loss to the surrounding ? [1 M]

Figure 12.1

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