@CSIT_QUB Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) for Smart Meter Security Chongyan Gu 1 , Neil Hanley 1 , Gavin McWilliams 1 Robert Hesselbarth 2 and Martin Hutle 2 1 The Centre for Secure Information Technologies, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK 2 Fraunhofer Institute AISE, Germany 2016
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Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) for Smart Meter Security · 03/09/2016 · A PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) is a circuit that uses manufacturing process variations to generate
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@CSIT_QUB
Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) for Smart Meter Security
Chongyan Gu1, Neil Hanley1, Gavin McWilliams1 Robert Hesselbarth 2 and Martin Hutle 2
1 The Centre for Secure Information Technologies, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
A low-end device can be attacked to access the whole system
Untrusted supply chains - conterfeiting
Effective device authentication mechanism is important to ensure
secure access to networks
How to ensure your devices only connect to trustworthy devices?
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A PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) is a circuit that uses manufacturing process variations to generate a unique digital fingerprint
What is a Physical Unclonable Function?
What is a Physical Unclonable Function?
A PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) is a circuit that uses manufacturing process variations to generate a unique digital fingerprint
823snni9efdesghk
zxmnvposfj6drkdj
sadnngdisdrnt93q
qwrwsle03xzowhjd
What is a Physical Unclonable Function?
A PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) is a circuit that uses manufacturing process variations to generate a unique digital fingerprint
sadnngdisdrnt93q
9j575768hjfhfhdd
5uvjreig8uhrsfxq
ncs0956jynfkidid
vndbwvcvvdm38856
What is a Physical Unclonable Function?
A PUF (Physical Unclonable Function) is a circuit that uses manufacturing process variations to generate a unique digital fingerprint
sadnngdisdrnt93q
9j575768hjfhfhdd
823snni9efdesghk
qwrwsle03xzowhjd
zxmnvposfj6drkdj
Why PUFs?
PUFs can generate unique and secure keys/IDs
Memoryless key storage Easy to evaluate Inherently tamper resistant Hard to predict
PUFs provide a low cost security scheme
Inherent manufacturing variations No extra fabrication cost
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PUFs for SPARKS project
How can PUFs help in protecting smart meters?
• high level of security without protected non-volatile memory (NVM) - Secure
• light-weight authentication – Low-cost
PUF Testbed Architecture
234 PUF nodes (Basys3 board)• 1 PUF instance per node
4 gateways
• Up to 60 PUF nodes per gateway
1 host server
• Multiple users login remotely via SSH to use cluster
• Operate PUF nodes remotely via network
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Digilent Basys3 FPGA
PUF Testbed Implementation
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4 Modules
• 60 Basys-3 boards(PUF node)
• 10 7-port USB hubs
• 1 Raspberry Pi(Gateway)
• 1 power supply
Results
Uniqueness
• PicoPUF
Robustness
PicoPUF Ideal
Uniqueness 48% 50%
Robustness 98% 100%
Resource Usage
• PicoPUF
To implement PicoPUF on Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA, the hardware resource consumption is less than 1%.
Conclusions
• PUFs are introduced and highlighted for the application to SPARKS project as the following significant advantages• Generate any time• No need to store in memory• Ideal for high-level security
• PUF testbed and architectures are setup to evaluate different PUFs.
• PUF could be potentially used as a low-cost solution not only for smart meters but also many other IoT security applications.