Physical E vidence

Review Units 2 and 3

Physical Evidence

What does the 1st officer at the scene need to do after obtaining medical assistance?

Secure the Scene

Physical Evidence Review

What is the definition of a crime scene?

The location where a crime has / might have occurred

Physical Evidence Review

What are the methods of recording a crime scene?

Note takingPhotographs / VideoSketches

Physical Evidence Review

What must be included in a rough sketch

Date, location, and time of incidentLocation of all recovered evidenceLocation of walls, doors, and windowsIndication of compass direction

Physical Evidence Review

What can CAD computer programs be used for?

Producing a finished sketch

Physical Evidence Review

What must be included in the notes taken at the crime scene?

The individual who packaged and marked items of evidenceLocation of physical evidence recoveredDisposition of items after collectionDate of the investigation

Physical Evidence Review

What are the crime scene search patterns?

Grid, Line, Spiral, Zone

Physical Evidence Review

What is the chain of custody?

The list of every person who has processed evidence

Physical Evidence Review

Who is responsible for the chain of custody?

Crime scene processorEvidence clerkAll forensic technicians

Physical Evidence Review

What results if the chain of custody is not maintained?

Evidence will be inadmissible in court

Physical Evidence Review

What is the main purpose of a crime lab?

To identify and compare evidence

Physical Evidence Review

What is the definition of physical evidence?

Evidence that can be collectedEvidence that can establish a crime has been committedEvidence that links a crime to a victim and perpetrator

Physical Evidence Review

How many layers of latex gloves should be worn when collecting bodily fluids?

Two

Physical Evidence Review

What type of containers are used when packaging evidence?

Paper bagsUnbreakable containersForcepsManila envelopes

Physical Evidence Review

What type of evidence is usually found at an arson case?

Petroleum Products

Physical Evidence Review

What type of evidence is usually found at a car accident?

Paint(glass)

Physical Evidence Review

What type of packaging is used for arson cases?

Air tight containers

Physical Evidence Review

What is a buccal swab?

Swab of the inside of a cheek to sample DNA

Physical Evidence Review

What is the purpose of a standard reference sample (control)?

To compare with evidence at the crime scene

Physical Evidence Review

What is a control substrate area?

The uncontaminated surface material close to where physical evidence is deposited

Physical Evidence Review

What is the purpose of collecting standard reference samples?

It allows comparison with the evidence

Physical Evidence Review

What does crime scene reconstruction attempt to do?

Piece together stories by witnesses and suspectsIncludes input from the medical examiner and the results from the laboratory

Physical Evidence Review

What is needed to get a search warrant from a judge?

The name, location, and things to be seized and probable cause

Physical Evidence Review

What are the exceptions to the need for a search warrant?

EmergencyEvidence may be lostPermission givenImminent arrest

Physical Evidence Review

What privilege of the Constitution includes search warrants?

Fourth Amendment

Physical Evidence Review

What were the two cases that tested the fourth amendment regarding search warrants?

Mincey v Arizona – homicideMichigan v Tyler - arson

Physical Evidence Review

What is the most common type of evidence found at a crime scene?

Class Evidence

Physical Evidence Review

What is the most important aspect of photographs at a crime scene?

The evidence has been unaltered.

Physical Evidence Review

Who is the final evaluator of physical evidence?

Jury

Physical Evidence Review

What is individual evidence? List TWO examples

Evidence that can be pinpointed to a specific source

Ex: Fingerprints, DNA, bullet markings

Physical Evidence Review

This type of physical evidence can be either natural or synthetic

Fibers

Physical Evidence Review

These are prints that are accidental or chance prints that are NOT visible to the eye

Latent

Physical Evidence Review

Gas, grease, and oil are often used in _____________ cases.

Physical Evidence Review

What is class evidence? List TWO examples.

Evidence that can only be associated with a group and not a single

Ex: Fibers, Hairs, Blood Type

Physical Evidence Review

What can be found embedded in shoes, as well as prove whether a body has been moved, and link a person to a certain location?

Soil and Minerals

Physical Evidence Review

Indentations left behind by a particular object such as tool marks, bite marks, and shoe prints is called…

Impressions

Physical Evidence Review

Powder from a firearm that can be found on the shooter’s hand.

Gunshot Residues

Physical Evidence Review

A shoe print made by a brand new pair of sneakers is an example of …

Class evidence

Physical Evidence Review

Crime scene reconstruction requires the efforts of these THREE peoplePolice

Medical ExaminersCriminalist

Physical Evidence Review

Street drugs are the only illegal drugs that a person can have

True/False

False – Prescription Drugs that don’t have your name on them are illegal

Physical Evidence Review