Physical and chemical properties - · PDF filePhysical Science Notes . ... Color Density Conductivity – thermal and electrical Smell ... Physical and chemical properties Author:

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL

PROPERTIES

Physical Science Notes

Bellringer Monday 9/29

Please turn in last’s week’s bellringer/science in the

news & grab a new one

Today’s Bellringer: Give an example of a

substance that is soluble in water and an example

of a substance that is not soluble in water.

Physical Properties

PHYSICAL PROPERTY - A feature or characteristic of matter which can be observed without changing the identity of the matter

Examples:

Color Density Conductivity – thermal and electrical

Smell Malleability Melting Point

Taste Ductility Boiling Point

Texture Solubility Magnetism Viscosity

Malleability

Malleability – how well something can be

flattened or stretched without breaking

Metals tend to be malleable

Examples: gold and copper

Wood and glass are NOT

malleable

Malleability

Apple's new iPhone 6 Plus has an aluminum shell for

lightness and apparently lives up to the other

characteristic of aluminum — malleability

Iphone 6 Bend Test

Ductility

Ductility- the ability to be stretched into a wire

Examples: copper, platinum, tungsten

Solubility

Solubility- how well one material dissolves in another material. (Insoluble means cannot dissolve)

Things that affect solubility:

Temperature – as temperature increases so does the rate of dissolving

Stirring – speeds up dissolving

Smaller pieces/particles – dissolve faster than large pieces of material

Amount of solute – greater amounts of solute require longer times to dissolve

Parts of a Solution

Solute - the chemical being

dissolved: the material you

add to a solvent

Solvent - a chemical that

dissolves things: the material

in which you add a solute

Example: Chocolate milk –

the syrup is the solute and

the milk is the solvent

Magnetism

Magnetism - how well something sticks to a magnet

Example: Iron, nickel, and cobalt are the three elements

that are magnetic at room temperature.

Conductivity

Conductivity- There are 2 kinds:

Thermal Conductivity – how well heat travels through

a substance

Electrical Conductivity – how well electricity travels

through a substance

Melting Point

Melting Point- the point at which a solid becomes a

liquid

Boiling Point

Boiling Point- the point at which a liquid becomes a

gas

Viscosity

Viscosity- a substance’s resistance to flow

Chemical Properties

CHEMICAL PROPERTY – a property of matter that

describes a substance based on its ability to

change into a new substance with different

properties

Flammability

Flammability – how well something reacts with

oxygen to produce heat/flame

Reactions with Acid

Reactions with acid – how well something reacts

with an acid. Main reaction with an acid results in

bubbling.

When an acid reacts with another substance, usually

hydrogen gas (which is highly explosive) is released.

Other Reactions

Other Reactions – include heat being released,

bubbling, strong odor, smoke, flame, change of

color, etc.

Non-Reactivity

Non-Reactivity – when something fails to react.

Example: Platinum dropped in acid has no reaction,

nothing happens. Even when held into a flame, platinum

has no reaction

Another

example:

REMEMBER

Main point to remember about Chemical

Reactions:

They always produce a new substance – totally

different than the substance you started with

Most chemical reactions cannot be reversed