PHYICAL IMPACT TO THE ELECTRIC SYSTEM Vulnerabilities
PHYICAL IMPACT TO
THE ELECTRIC
SYSTEM
Vulnerabilities
Transmission Line Facilities
30 %
40 %
50 %
60 %
70 %
80 %
90 %
10 0%
20 %
10 %
~20 00~19 45 ~ 1955 ~1960 ~19 80 ~19 90
Bui
ldin
g S
eism
ic D
esig
n C
apac
ity
A p proxim at e Year B u ilt
1994
, 3
1988
, 2B
Tod ay IBC
BPA BUIDLINGS
BPA
SUBSTATIONS
China 2008, 220 kV Substation
North Palm Springs
6.2 Mw, 1986
Current Transformer (CT)
Live Tank Power Circuit Breaker
EERI
Schiff
TRANSFORMER
VULNERABILITIES WWW.JSCE.ORG Arrester
Failure
Radiator
Removed
Manifold
Leakage
Schiff Bushing
Porcelain
Failure
Bushing
Slippage
J. Eidinger
Liquefaction: Potential for
Structure/Equipment settlement
NZ
SUBSTATIONS
TSUNAMI, Japan, 2011
TRANSMISSION
TOWERS
J. Eidinger
Landers 7.4 Mw (1992)
Niigata, Japan
7.4 Mw (1964)
Taiwan Earthquake
New Zealand (1968)
7.0 M 66 kV
RIVERCROSSING
EERI
TCLEEE
TCLEEE
Chile, 2010
Chile, 2010
Indonesia 2004
Kit Miyamoto
Tsunami, Japan 2011
TRANSMISSION LINE TOWERS
BPA’s EQ Experiences
Satsop 5.9 Mw (1999)
Bus Riser Failures:
500 kV
Duvall 5.4 Mw (1996)
Nisqually 6.8 Mw (2001)
Bus Riser Failure: 230 kV
Nisqually 6.8 Mw (2001)
Rigid Bus
Duvall
5.4 Mw
1996
Duvall 5.4 Mw 1996
Nisqually 6.8 Mw 2001
Failed 500 kV
Disconnect Switch
Failed Step Arc Suppression
Resisters
Duvall 5.4 Mw 1996
In 1949, power failures occurred in
Seattle when swinging transmission
lines touched, causing circuit breakers
to trip. In Tacoma, the transformer
banks at the Bonneville Power Plant
substation needed to be realigned. In
Chehalis, electric power service was
disrupted for about 2 hours.
In 1965, two Bonneville Power
Administration transmission towers
toppled near Everett. These towers
carried 230,000-volt electrical power
from Chief Joseph Dam to the
Snohomish substation.
http://www.pnsn.org/INFO_GENERAL/NQT/where_damage.html
Transmission Line
Sectionalizing Switch
Nisqually 6.8 Mw (2001)
Olympia 6.5 M (1965)
The End