Photovoltaic Energy Paolo Abagar, Mario Miguel Celdran, Arjan Delos Santos, Keno Hibaya, Kevin Richard Miraflores, Lovely Jane Vallinas EE 147 Energy Conversion EECE Department Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology Iligan City, Philippines I. INTRODUCT ION The term "photovoltaic" has two parts: ‘φῶς (phōs)’ a Greek word meaning light, and ‘volt’, a word coined in honour of the inventor of the electric battery, Alessandro Volta ( 1745-1827). It is produced when sunlight is converted into energy with the use of solar cells or semiconductors. -Photovoltaics is the field of technology and research related to the practical application of photovoltaic cells in producing electricity from light, though it is often used specifically to refer to the generation of electricity from sunlight. Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current electricity using semiconductors that exhibit the photovoltaic effect. Photovoltaic power generation employs solar panels composed of a number of solar cells containing a photovoltaic material. Materials presently used for photovoltaics include monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper indium gallium selenide/sulfide. Due to the increased demand for renewable energy sources, the manufacturing of solar cells and photovoltaic arrays has advanced considerably in recent years . II. HISTORY Photovoltaic energy has been discovered for almost two centuries. Photovoltaic effect was first discovered by a 19 year old French experimental physicist named Edmund Becquerel while he is experimenting with an electrolytic cell made up of two metal electrodes. Until in 1954, Bell Labs researchers Pearson, Chapin, and Fuller reported their discovery of 4.5% efficient silicon solar cells. Then in 1964 the Nimbus spacecraft was launched with a 470-W PV array which was its first practical application. However, it was not until 1940 that the first modern solar cell manufacturing began. This used silicon as the semiconductor material, patented by the American inventor, Rusell Ohl. In 1955, the American utility, Western Electric, began to market solar cell arrays. The first practical applications for these devices were in artificial satellites. They were an efficient way of providing electricity to remote bodies. Vanguard 1 thus became the first satellite to use a photovoltaic module to feed the transmitter, which consumed a mere 5 milliwatts. By the mid-70's, photovoltaic modules began to be used in different terrestrial applications. These included clocks, games and calculators. Over recent decades, photovoltaic technology has continued to advance, leading to the development of photovoltaic systems connected to networks. This has triggered an industry whose main objective is to supply modules for large photovoltaic farms to generate electricity on a quite different scale. In this market, T- Solar has become the byword for excellence. III. PROCESS Photovoltaic (PV) cells are made up of at least 2 semi-conductor layers. One layer containing a positive charge, the other a negative charge.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Photovoltaic Energy
Paolo Abagar, Mario Miguel Celdran, Arjan Delos Santos, Keno Hibaya, Kevin Richard Miraflores, Lovely Jane Vallinas
EE 147
Energy Conversion EECE Department
Mindanao State University – Iligan Institute of Technology Iligan City, Philippines
I. INTRODUCTION
The term "photovoltaic" has two parts: ‘φῶς
(phōs)’ a Greek word meaning light, and ‘volt’, a word
coined in honour of the inventor of the electric battery,
Alessandro Volta ( 1745-1827). It is produced when
sunlight is converted into energy with the use of solar
cells or semiconductors.
-Photovoltaics is the field of technology and
research related to the practical application of
photovoltaic cells in producing electricity from light,
though it is often used specifically to refer to the
generation of electricity from sunlight.
Photovoltaics (PV) is a method of generating
electrical power by converting solar
radiation into direct current electricity using
semiconductors that exhibit the photovoltaic effect.
Photovoltaic power generation employs solar
panels composed of a number of solar cells containing a
photovoltaic material. Materials presently used for
photovoltaics include monocrystalline
silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous
silicon, cadmium telluride, and copper indium gallium
selenide/sulfide. Due to the increased demand
for renewable energy sources, the manufacturing of
solar cells and photovoltaic arrays has advanced
considerably in recent years .
II. HISTORY
Photovoltaic energy has been discovered for
almost two centuries. Photovoltaic effect was first
discovered by a 19 year old French experimental
physicist named Edmund Becquerel while he is
experimenting with an electrolytic cell made up of two
metal electrodes. Until in 1954, Bell Labs researchers
Pearson, Chapin, and Fuller reported their discovery of
4.5% efficient silicon solar cells. Then in 1964 the
Nimbus spacecraft was launched with a 470-W PV
array which was its first practical application.
However, it was not until 1940 that the first
modern solar cell manufacturing began. This used
silicon as the semiconductor material, patented by the
American inventor, Rusell Ohl. In 1955, the American
utility, Western Electric, began to market solar cell
arrays.
The first practical applications for these
devices were in artificial satellites. They were an
efficient way of providing electricity to remote bodies.
Vanguard 1 thus became the first satellite to use a
photovoltaic module to feed the transmitter, which
consumed a mere 5 milliwatts. By the mid-70's,
photovoltaic modules began to be used in different
terrestrial applications. These included clocks, games
and calculators.
Over recent decades, photovoltaic technology
has continued to advance, leading to the development
of photovoltaic systems connected to networks. This
has triggered an industry whose main objective is to
supply modules for large photovoltaic farms to generate
electricity on a quite different scale. In this market, T-